Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus ndeyekuwedzera kwemvura mukati mehenya iyo inotungamira mukuzvimba kwehuropi.

Hydrocephalus zvinoreva "mvura pahuropi."

Hydrocephalus inokonzerwa nedambudziko nekuyerera kwemvura inotenderedza uropi. Mvura iyi inonzi cerebrospinal fluid, kana CSF. Urume hwakatenderedza uropi uye musana uye hunobatsira kuburitsa huropi.

CSF inowanzo famba nepfungwa uye musana uye yakanyoroveswa muropa. CSF mazinga muuropi anogona kukwira kana:

• Kuyerera kweCSF kwakavharwa.
• Iyo fluid haina kunyatsopinza muropa.
• Uropi hunogadzira zvakawandisa zvemvura.

Yakawandisa CSF inoisa kumanikidza pauropi. Izvi zvinosundidzira uropi kumusoro kurwisa dehenya uye zvinokuvadza hura hwehuropi.

Hydrocephalus inogona kutanga apo mwana ari kukura mudumbu. Zvakajairika muvacheche vane myelomeningocele, hurema hwekuzvarwa umo musana wespinal usingavhare zvakanaka.

Hydrocephalus inogona kunge iri nekuda kwe:

• Kuremara kwemajini
• Humwe hutachiona panguva yekuzvitakura

Muvana vadiki, hydrocephalus inogona kunge iri nekuda kwe:

• Zvirwere zvinokanganisa iyo yepakati tsinga system (senge meningitis kana encephalitis), kunyanya mucheche.
• Kubuda ropa muuropi panguva kana munguva pfupi mushure mekusununguka (kunyanya muvana vasati vasvika).
• Kukuvadza pamberi, panguva, kana mushure mekusununguka, kusanganisira subarachnoid hemorrhage.
• Mamota epakati sisitimu, kusanganisira huropi kana musana.
• Kukuvadza kana kushungurudzika.

Hydrocephalus inowanzoitika muvana. Imwe mhando, inonzi yakajairwa kumanikidza hydrocephalus, inogona kuitika kune vanhu vakuru nevanhu vakuru.

Zviratidzo zvehydrocephalus zvinoenderana ne:

• Zera
• Huwandu hwekukuvara kwehuropi
• Chii chiri kukonzera kuvakwa kweCSF fluid

Mune vacheche, hydrocephalus inokonzera fontanelle (nyoro nzvimbo) kuti ibhure uye musoro uve muhombe kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona zvakare kusanganisira:

• Maziso anoita kunge anotarisa pasi
• Kushatirwa
• Kufenda
• Akaparadzaniswa suture
• Kurara
• Kusvipa

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika muvana vakura zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Pfupi, kufadza, kuchema kwepamusoro
• Shanduko pahunhu, ndangariro, kana kugona kufunga kana kufunga
• Shanduko pakuonekwa kwechiso uye nzvimbo yemeso
• Maziso akayambuka kana kufamba kweziso kusingadzoreke
• Kunetsa kudya
• Kurara zvakanyanya
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kushatirwa, kusadzora hasha
• Kurasikirwa kwedundira kudzora (weti kusagadzikana)
• Kurasikirwa kwekubatana uye kunetseka kufamba
• Tsandanyama spasticity (spasm)
• Kukura kunonoka (mwana 0 kusvika pamakore mashanu)
• Inononoka kana kurambidzwa kufamba
• Kusvipa

Anopa hutano anoongorora mwana. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza:

• Tsinga dzakatwasuka kana kuzvimba paganda remwana.
• Ruzha rusinganzwisisike kana mupi achirovera zvishoma padhehenya, zvichiratidza dambudziko nemapfupa ehenya.
• Zvese kana chikamu chemusoro chingave chakakura kupfuura zvakajairwa, kazhinji chikamu chepamberi.
• Maziso anotarisa "akanyura mukati."
• Chikamu chakachena cheziso chinoonekwa pamusoro penzvimbo yeruvara, ichiita kuti iratidzike se "zuva rinonyura."
• Reflexes inogona kunge yakajairwa.

Kudzokororwa kwemusoro wedenderedzwa zviyero nekufamba kwenguva kunogona kuratidza kuti musoro uri kukura.

Musoro CT scan ndeimwe yeakanakisa bvunzo yekutsvaga hydrocephalus. Mimwe bvunzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Arteriography
• Brain scan uchishandisa radioisotopes
• Cranial ultrasound (iyo ultrasound yeuropi)
• Lumbar kubaya uye kuongororwa kweiyo cerebrospinal fluid (haiwanzo kuitwa)
• Dehenya x-ray

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuderedza kana kudzivirira kukuvara kwehuropi nekuvandudza kuyerera kweCSF.

Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa kubvisa kuvhara, kana zvichibvira.

Kana zvisiri, chubhu inochinjika inonzi shunt inogona kuiswa muuropi kudzokorodza kuyerera kweCSF. Iyo shunt inotumira CSF kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, senge dumbu nzvimbo, kwainogona kunyudzwa.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kusanganisira:

• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana paine zviratidzo zvehutachiona. Zvirwere zvakakomba zvinogona kuda kuti shunt ibviswe.
• Maitiro anonzi endoscopic chechitatu ventriculostomy (ETV), iyo inoderedza kumanikidza pasina kutsiva iyo shunt.
• Kubvisa kana kupisa (cauterizing) zvikamu zvehuropi zvinogadzira CSF.

Mwana achada kuongororwa nguva nenguva kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti hapana mamwe matambudziko. Kuedzwa kunozoitwa nguva zhinji kutarisa kukura kwemwana, uye kutsvaga matambudziko ehungwaru, etsinga, kana epanyama.

Vanamukoti vanoshanya, rubatsiro rwemagariro, mapoka ekutsigira, uye vamiririri venzvimbo vanogona kupa rutsigiro rwepfungwa uye kubatsira nekutarisira kwemwana ane hydrocephalus ane kukuvara kwakakomba kwehuropi.

Pasina kurapwa, kusvika kune vatanhatu muvanhu gumi vane hydrocephalus vanofa. Avo vanopona vanozove nezvikamu zvakasiyana zvehungwaru hwepanyama, hwepanyama, uye neurological.

Maonero anoenderana nechikonzero. Hydrocephalus iyo isiri nekuda kwehutachiona ine maonero akanaka. Vanhu vane hydrocephalus inokonzerwa nemamota kazhinji vanowanzoita zvisina kunaka.

Vazhinji vana vane hydrocephalus vanorarama kwegore rimwe vanozove neupenyu hwakajairika.

Iyo shunt inogona kuvharika. Zviratidzo zvekuvhara kwakadai zvinosanganisira kutemwa nemusoro uye kurutsa. Vanachiremba vanovhiya vanogona kugona kubatsira iyo shunt kuvhura vasina kuitsiva.

Panogona kunge paine mamwe matambudziko neiyo shunt, senge kinking, kupatsanura chubhu, kana hutachiona munzvimbo yeiyo shunt.

Zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Matambudziko ekuvhiyiwa
• Zvirwere zvakadai se meningitis kana encephalitis
• Kukanganisa kwehungwaru
• Kukuvara kwemitsipa (kuderera mukufamba, kunzwa, basa)
• Kuremara kwemuviri

Tsvaga kurapwa nguva pfupi kana mwana wako aine chero zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi. Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera 911 kana zviratidzo zvechimbichimbi zvikaitika se:

• Matambudziko ekufema
• Kukotsira zvakanyanya kana kurara
• Kudyisa matambudziko
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kuchema kwepamusoro
• Kwete kupisa (kurova kwemoyo)
• Kufenda
• Musoro wakanyanya
• Mutsipa wakaoma
• Kusvipa

Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kufonera mupi wako kana:

• Mwana akaonekwa aine hydrocephalus, uye mamiriro acho anotowedzera.
• Iwe haugone kuchengeta mwana kumba.

Dzivirira musoro wemucheche kana wemwana kubva mukukuvara. Kurapa nekukurumidza kwehutachiona uye zvimwe zvinetso zvinosangana nehydrocephalus kunogona kudzora njodzi yekukura kwechirwere.

Mvura pahuropi

• Ventriculoperitoneal shunt - kubuda

• Dehenya remucheche

Jamil O, Kestle JRW. Heydocephalus muvana: etiology uye manejimendi manejimendi. Mune: Winn HR, ed. Youmans uye Winn Neurological Kuvhiya. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chits. 197.

Kinsman SL, Johnston MV. Congenital anomalies epakati etsinga system. Mune: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 609.

Rosenberg GA. Brain edema uye kusagadzikana kwecerebrospinal fluid kutenderera. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits 88.