Kuita zvepabonde

Mastectomy kuvhiya kubvisa chinyama chezamu. Dzimwe dzeganda uye zamu rinogonawo kubviswa. Nekudaro, kuvhiya kunodzivirira iyo minyatso uye ganda izvozvi zvinogona kuitwa kazhinji. Kuvhiya kunowanzoitwa kurapa gomarara repazamu.

Pamberi pekuvhiya kwatanga, iwe unozopihwa general anesthesia. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unenge wakarara uye usina kurwadziwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemastectomies. Ndeupi anoita chiremba wako anovhiya zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechinetso chezamu chauinacho. Kazhinji yenguva, mastectomy inoitwa kurapa cancer. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva zvinoitwa kudzivirira kenza (prophylactic mastectomy).

Chiremba anovhiya achacheka pazamu rako uye oita imwe yeaya mashandiro:

• Minyatso-inodzivirira mastectomy: Chiremba anovhiya anobvisa zamu rese, asi anosiya munyatso uye areola (denderedzwa rine ruvara rakakomberedza zamu) munzvimbo. Kana iwe uine gomarara, chiremba anovhiya anogona kuita biopsy yema lymph node munzvimbo yepasi pevhu kuti aone kana gomarara rapararira.
• Ganda-rinodzivirira mastectomy: Chiremba anovhiya anobvisa chipfuva nezamu uye areola ine mashoma ganda kubviswa. Kana iwe uine kenza, chiremba anovhiya anogona kuita biopsy yema lymph node munzvimbo yepasi pevhu kuti aone kana gomarara rapararira.
• Yese kana yakapusa mastectomy: Chiremba anovhiya anobvisa zamu rese pamwe chete nezamu uye areola. Kana iwe uine gomarara, chiremba anovhiya anogona kuita biopsy yema lymph node munzvimbo yepasi pevhu kuti aone kana gomarara rapararira.
• Yakagadziriswa radical mastectomy: Chiremba anovhiya anobvisa zamu rose nezamu uye areolar pamwe chete nemamwe ma "lymph node" ari pasi peruoko.
• Radical mastectomy: Chiremba anovhiya anobvisa ganda pamusoro pechipfuva, ese ma "lymph node" ari pasi peruoko, uye mhasuru dzechipfuva. Uku kuvhiya hakuwanzo kuitwa.
• Ganda rinozovharwa nemasuture (stitches).

Imwe kana maviri madiki epurasitiki anodonhedza kana machubhu anowanzo sara muchipfuva chako kuti ubvise imwe mvura kubva kwaive nezamu rechipfuva.

Chiremba wepurasitiki anogona kukwanisa kuvakazve zamu panguva imwechete yekuvhiya. Iwe unogona zvakare kusarudza kuve nekugadzirisa zamu pane imwe nguva inotevera. Kana iwe uchizovakazve, ganda- kana minyatso-inodzivirira mastectomy inogona kunge iri sarudzo.

Mastectomy inotora maawa maviri kusvika matatu.

MUKADZI AKADZIDZWA NEGERERI YEMAZAMU

Chikonzero chakajairika chemastectomy kenza yemazamu.

Kana iwe ukaonekwa uine kenza yemazamu, taura nemupi wako wezvehutano nezve sarudzo dzako:

• Lumpectomy ndipo panongobviswa kenza yemazamu uye zvinyama zvakakomberedza gomarara. Izvi zvinodaidzwa zvakare kunzi kuchengetedza zamu kurapa kana kukwana mastectomy. Mazhinji ezamu rako achasiiwa.
• Mastectomy ndipo panobviswa zvese zamu remazamu.

Iwe nemupi wako munofanira kufunga:

• Kukura uye nzvimbo yebundu rako
• Ganda kubatanidzwa kwebundu
• Mangani mamota mune zamu
• Zvakawanda sei zamu rinokanganiswa
• Kukura kwezamu rako
• Zera rako
• Nhoroondo yezvechiremba inogona kukusarudzira kubva mukuchengetwa kwemazamu (izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mwero wemazamu usati watanga uye mamwe marapirwo)
• Nhoroondo yemhuri
• Hutano hwako hwese uye kuti wasvika here kumwedzi

Sarudzo yezvakanakira iwe inogona kunetsa. Iwe nevatapi vari kurapa kenza yemazamu yenyu muchasarudza pamwe chete izvo zvakanaka.

VAKADZI PAKUKOSHA KWAZVO KUTI VANOGONESEREKA NEZVE CANCER

Vakadzi vane njodzi yakanyanya kukura yekuva nekenza yemazamu vanogona kusarudza kuve neyekudzivirira (kana prophylactic) mastectomy yekudzora njodzi yekenza yemazamu.

Iwe unogona kuve unowanzoita gomarara repazamu kana imwe kana hama dzepedyo dzemhuri dzakange dziine chirwere, kunyanya pazera diki. Genetic bvunzo (senge BRCA1 kana BRCA2) zvinogona kubatsira kuratidza kuti une njodzi huru. Nekudaro, kunyangwe uine yakajairwa geneti bvunzo, iwe unogona kunge uchiri panjodzi huru yekenza yemazamu, zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvinogona kubatsira kusangana nemudzidzisi wezvechibereko kuti uone huwandu hwengozi yako.

Prophylactic mastectomy inofanirwa kuitwa chete mushure mekufunga zvakanyanya nekukurukurirana nachiremba wako, chipangamazano wezvechibereko, mhuri yako, uye vadikanwa.

Mastectomy inoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekenza yemazamu, asi haibvise.

Kucheka, kuputika, kuvhura ronda, seroma, kana kurasikirwa kweganda pamucheto wekucheka kwekuvhiya kana mukati meganda reganda kunogona kuitika.

Ngozi:

• Kutambudzika kwepafudzi uye kuomarara. Iwe unogona zvakare kunzwa pini uye tsono pane iro zamu raimbove riri uye pasi peruoko.
• Kuzvimba kweruoko uye kana zamu (rinonzi lymphedema) kudivi rimwe chete nezamu rinobviswa. Uku kuzvimba hakuwanzoitika, asi inogona kunge iri dambudziko rinoramba riripo.
• Kukuvadza kune tsinga dzinoenda kumhasuru dzeruoko, kumashure, uye chipfuva madziro.

Iwe unogona kuve neropa uye imaging bvunzo (senge CT scans, bone scans, uye chest x-ray) mushure mekunge mupi wako awana cancer yemazamu. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuti uone kana gomarara rapararira kunze kwezamu uye nemamosiwi pasi peruoko.

Nguva dzose udza mupi wako kana:

• Unogona kuve nepamuviri
• Iwe uri kutora chero mishonga kana mahebhu kana zvinowedzera zvawakatenga pasina mushonga
• Iwe unoputa

Pakati pevhiki pamberi pekuvhiyiwa:

• Mazuva akati wandei usati wavhiyiwa, unogona kukumbirwa kuti urege kutora aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), vitamin E, clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), uye chero mimwe mishonga inoita kuti iome. kuti ropa rako rifuke.
• Bvunza kuti ndeapi madhiragi aunofanira kutora pazuva rekuvhiyiwa.

Pazuva rekuvhiyiwa:

• Tevedza rairo kubva kuna chiremba wako kana mukoti nezve kudya kana kunwa usati wavhiyiwa.
• Tora mishonga yawakaudzwa kunwa nekamwe kamvura.

Unozoudzwa nguva yekuuya kuchipatara. Iva nechokwadi chekusvika nenguva.

Vazhinji vakadzi vanogara muchipatara kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi mana nemasere mushure mekuzvarwa. Kureba kwako kwekugara kunoenderana nerudzi rwekuvhiya kwawaive nako. Vakadzi vazhinji vanoenda kudzimba nemadiridziro machubhu achiri muchipfuva chavo mushure mekuzvimba. Chiremba anozovabvisa gare gare panguva yekushanya kwehofisi. Mukoti achakudzidzisa maitiro ekuchengetera pombi, kana kuti unogona kuzokwanisa kuti mukoti anochengeta pamba akubatsire.

Unogona kuva nemarwadzo kutenderedza saiti yekucheka kwako mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Iwo marwadzo ari pakati nepakati pazuva rekutanga obva aenda pamusoro kwenguva yemavhiki mashoma. Iwe unozogamuchira mishonga yekurwadziwa usati waburitswa muchipatara.

Fluid inogona kuunganidza munzvimbo yako yemastectomy mushure mekunge maburi ese abviswa. Iyi inonzi seroma. Inowanzoenda yega, asi inogona kuda kuburitswa uchishandisa tsono (chishuwo).

Vazhinji vakadzi vanopora mushe mushure memastectomy.

Pamusoro pekuvhiyiwa, ungangoda mamwe marapirwo ekenza yemazamu. Aya marapirwo anogona kusanganisira hormonal therapy, radiation radiation, uye chemotherapy. Zvese zvine mhedzisiro, saka iwe unofanirwa kutaura nemupi wako nezve sarudzo.

Kuvhiya zamu; Subcutaneous mastectomy; Minyatso inodzivirira mastectomy; Yese mastectomy; Ganda rinodzivirira mastectomy; Nyore mastectomy; Yakagadziriswa radical mastectomy; Gomarara repazamu - mastectomy

• Mushure memakemikari - kubuda
• Chipfuva chekunze danda radiation - kubuda
• Chest radiation - kubuda
• Cosmetic zamu kuvhiya - kubuda
• Kunwa mvura zvakachengeteka panguva yekurapa kenza
• Muromo wakaoma panguva yekurapa kenza
• Kudya mamwe macalorie kana uchirwara - vakuru
• Lymphedema - kuzvitarisira
• Mastectomy uye kuvaka zamu - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako
• Mastectomy - kubuda
• Oral mucositis - kuzvitarisira
• Kudya zvakachengeteka panguva yekurapa gomarara
• Kuchengeta ronda rekuvhiya - rakavhurika

• Chipfuva chevakadzi
• Mastectomy - akateedzana
• Kuumbwa kwemazamu - akateedzana

Davidson NE. Kenza yemazamu uye benign zamu kusagadzikana. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 188.

Henry NL, Shah PD, Haider I, Freer PE, Jagsi R, Sabel MS. Kenza yezamu. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 88.

Hunt KK, Mittendorf EA. Zvirwere zamu. Mu: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Chinyorwa Chekuvhiya. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chits. 34.

Macmillan RD. Kuita zvepabonde. Mune: Dixon JM, Barber MD, eds. Kuvhiya Chipfuva: A Shamwari kune Nyanzvi Yekuvhiya Maitiro. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: 122-133.

National Yakakwana Cancer Network webhusaiti. NCCN kiriniki yekudzidzira maitiro mune oncology: kenza yemazamu. Shanduro 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/breast.pdf. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 5, 2020. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 25, 2020.