Matambudziko ekuona

Kune akawanda marudzi ematambudziko eziso uye kusagadzikana kwekuona, senge:

• Halos
• Kusaona chiratidzo (kurasikirwa kwekupinza kwechiono uye kusakwanisa kuona yakajeka nhoroondo)
• Mahofu mapofu kana scotomas (rakasviba "maburi" muchiono umo musingaonekwe chinhu)

Kuona kurasikirwa uye kupofomara ndiwo akanyanya kuomarara matambudziko ekuona.

Kugara uchitarisa maziso kubva kuna ophthalmologist kana wemaziso akakosha. Ivo vanofanirwa kuitwa kamwe chete pagore kana iwe uri pamusoro pemakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu emakore. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinokurudzira bvunzo dzemaziso dzegore rose kutanga pazera rekutanga.

Unotora nguva yakareba sei pakati pabvunzo zvinoenderana nekuti ungamira kwenguva yakareba sei usati waona dambudziko remaziso risina zviratidzo. Wako mupi achakurudzira epamberi uye kakawanda bvunzo kana iwe uchiziva matambudziko emaziso kana mamiriro anozivikanwa kukonzera matambudziko emaziso. Izvi zvinosanganisira chirwere cheshuga kana BP.

Aya matanho akakosha anogona kudzivirira matambudziko eziso uye ekuona:

• Pfeka magirazi ezuva kudzivirira meso ako.
• Pfeka magirazi ekuchengetedza kana uchirova, kukuya, kana kushandisa maturusi emagetsi.
• Kana iwe uchida magirazi kana malensi ekutaurirana, chengetedza iwo mushonga kusvika pari zvino.
• Usapute.
• Limit doro rakawanda raunonwa.
• Gara pane huremu hune hutano.
• Chengetedza ropa rako uye cholesterol pasi pesimba.
• Chengetedza shuga yako yeropa ichidzora kana uine chirwere cheshuga.
• Idya chikafu chakapfuma muma antioxidants, semuriwo une mashizha egirini.

Chiono shanduko uye matambudziko anogona kukonzerwa nemamiriro mazhinji akasiyana. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira:

• Presbyopia - Dambudziko rekutarisa pazvinhu zviri padyo. Iri dambudziko rinowanzo kuve rinoonekwa mukutanga kwako kusvika pakati pe40s.
• Cataract - Kusviba pamusoro peziso reziso, zvichikonzeresa kuona husiku husiku, halos yakatenderedza mwenje, uye kunzwisisika kupenya. Kurwara kwakajairika kune vanhu vakura.
• Glaucoma - Kuwedzera kumanikidza muziso, uko kunowanzo kusarwadza. Chiratidzo chichava chakajairika pakutanga, asi nekufamba kwenguva unogona kukudziridza husiku husiku kuona, mapofu nzvimbo, uye kurasikirwa kwemaonero kune ese mativi. Mimwe mhando yeglaucoma inogona zvakare kuitika kamwe kamwe, inova emergency emergency.
• Chirwere cheshuga cheshuga.
• Macular degeneration - Kurasikirwa kwepakati pekuona, kusaona zvakanaka (kunyanya uchiverenga), kuona kwakamonyoroka (mitsara yakatwasuka ichaita kunge ine wavy), uye mavara anotaridzika kupera. Chikonzero chakajairika chehupofu muvanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu.
• Utachiona hwemaziso, kuzvimba, kana kukuvara.
• Mafashama - Zvimedu zvidiki zvinodzedzereka mukati meziso, icho chingave chiratidzo chedenderedzwa.
• Husiku upofu.
• Retinal detachment - Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira mafashama, marasha, kana kupenya kwechiedza mune chako chiratidzo, kana kunzwa kwemumvuri kana keteni rakarembera parutivi rwechikamu chako chekuona.
• Optic neuritis - Kuzvimba kweiyo optic nerve kubva kuhutachiona kana kuwanda sclerosis. Unogona kunge uine marwadzo kana iwe uchifambisa ziso rako kana kuibata kuburikidza neiyo eyelid.
• Stroke kana TIA.
• Bundu rebongo.
• Kubuda ropa muziso.
• Temporal arteritis - Kuzvimba kwetsinga muuropi iyo inopa ropa kumagetsi etsinga.
• Migraine misoro - Mahara emwenje, halos, kana zigzag mapatani anoonekwa pamberi pekutanga kwemusoro.

Mishonga inogona kukanganisa maonero.

Ona wako mupi wehutano kana iwe uine chero matambudziko nekuona kwako maziso.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi kubva kune mupi ane ruzivo mukubata nezvedambudziko remaziso kana:

• Iwe unowana kusarura kana kukwana kupofumadza mune rimwe kana maviri maziso, kunyangwe kana chiri chenguva pfupi chete.
• Iwe unosangana nemaonero maviri, kunyangwe kana chiri chenguva pfupi.
• Iwe une kunzwika kwemumvuri uri kudhonzwa pamusoro pemeso ako kana keteni iri kudhonzwa kubva parutivi, pamusoro, kana pasi.
• Mahofu mapofu, halos akatenderedza mwenje, kana nzvimbo dzeakanganisa maonero anoonekwa kamwe kamwe.
• Iwe unongoerekana wadzima kuona nekurwadziwa kweziso, kunyanya kana iro ziso rakatsvukawo. Ziso rakatsvuka, rinorwadza uye rakakanganiswa kuona ndeyekurapwa kwekukurumidzira.

Tora bvunzo yakakwana yemaziso kana uine:

• Dambudziko rekuona zvinhu kudivi rega.
• Zvakaoma kuona usiku kana kuverenga.
• Zvishoma nezvishoma kurasikirwa kwekupinza kwechiono chako.
• Zvakaoma kuudza mavara akaparadzaniswa.
• Kusaona chiratidzo kana uchiedza kuona zvinhu padyo kana kure.
• Chirwere cheshuga kana nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere cheshuga.
• Kuchenesa kwemaziso kana kubuda.
• Chiono shanduko dzinoita sedzinoenderana nemushonga. (Usamise kana kushandura mushonga usina kutaura nachiremba wako.)

Wako mupi anoongorora chako chiono, kufamba kweziso, vadzidzi, kumashure kweziso rako (inonzi retina), uye kumanikidza kwemaziso. Ongororo yekurapa yese ichaitwa kana zvichidikanwa.

Zvichava zvinobatsira kumupi wako kana iwe ukakwanisa kutsanangura zviratidzo zvako nenzira kwayo. Funga nezve zvinotevera pamberi penguva:

• Dambudziko rakanganisa chiratidzo chako here?
• Pane kupenya, halos kwakakomberedza mwenje, kupenya mwenje, kana bofu mavara?
• Ko mavara anoita kunge akadzima here?
• Iwe une kurwadziwa here?
• Une hanya nechiedza here?
• Une kubvarura kana kubuda here?
• Une dzungu here, kana zvinoita kunge imba irikutenderera?
• Iwe une maonero maviri here?
• Icho chinetso mune rimwe kana ese maziso?
• Izvi zvakatanga rini? Zvakangoerekana zvaitika here kana zvishoma nezvishoma?
• Icho chinogara chiripo here kana chinouya chichienda?
• Zvinoitika kangani? Inotora nguva yakareba sei?
• Zvinoitika rini? Manheru? Mangwanani?
• Pane chero chinhu chinoita kuti zvive nani? Zvakaipisisa?

Iye mupi achakubvunzawo nezve chero matambudziko emaziso awakambove nawo munguva yakapfuura:

• Izvi zvakamboitika kare here?
• Wakapihwa mishonga yemaziso here?
• Wakambovhiyiwa maziso here kana kukuvara?
• Wakambobuda kunze kwenyika here?
• Pane here zvinhu zvitsva zvaunogona kunge zvichirwara nazvo, senge sipo, mapiritsi, mafuta ekuzora, mafuta ekuzora, zvigadzirwa zvekuwachira, machira, machira, kapeti, pendi, kana mhuka dzinovaraidza?

Iye mupi achabvunzawo nezve hutano hwako hwese uye nhoroondo yemhuri:

• Iwe une chero kuzivikanwa kweanorwara?
• Wakapedzisira riini kuongororwa zvachose?
• Uri kutora chero mishonga here?
• Wakamboonekwa uine chero mamiriro ekurapa, akadai seshuga kana kuwedzerwa kweropa?
• Ndeapi marudzi ezvinetso zvemaziso zvine nhengo dzemhuri yako?

Iyi bvunzo inotevera inogona kuitwa:

• Dilated ziso bvunzo
• Slit-mwenje kuongororwa
• Refraction (kuyedza magirazi)
• Tonometry (ziso kumanikidza bvunzo)

Kurapa kunoenderana nechikonzero. Kuvhiya kunogona kudikanwa kune mamwe mamiriro.

Kukanganiswa kwekuona; Kutadza kuona; Kuona kwakashata

• Kurwara - chii chaunobvunza chiremba wako
• Corneal transplant - kubuda
• Refractive corneal kuvhiya - kubuda
• Refractive corneal kuvhiyiwa - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako

• Maziso akayambuka
• Ziso
• Kuona acuity bvunzo
• Slit-mwenje bvunzo
• Wakaonekwa munda bvunzo
• Cataract - kuvhara-kweziso
• Cataract

Chou R, Dana T, Bougatsos C, Grusing S, Blazina I. Kuongorora kwekusaona zvakanaka kwevakuru vakuru: yakagadziridzwa humbowo mushumo uye yakarongeka kuongororwa kweUS Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016; 315 (9): 915-933. PMID: 26934261 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26934261/.

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Zvirwere zvechiratidzo chekuona. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 395.

Feldman HM, Chaves-Gnecco D. Kubudirira / hunhu pediatrics. Mune: Zitelli, BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli naDavis 'Atlas yePediatric Panyama Kuongorora. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 3.

Jonas DE, Amick HR, Wallace IF, et al. Kuongorora kuongorora muvana vane makore matanhatu kusvika pamakore mashanu: humbowo hweuchapupu uye kuongororwa kwakarongeka kweUS Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2017; 318 (9): 845-858. PMID: 28873167 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28873167/.

Thurtell MJ, Tomsak RL. Kuona kurasikirwa. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits.