Kufamba zvisina kujairika

Kufamba kusanzwisisika kuri kujairika uye kusingadzoreke mafambiro ekufamba. Zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwezvirwere kana kukuvara kumakumbo, tsoka, huropi, musana, kana nzeve yemukati.

Maitiro ekuti munhu anofamba sei anonzi gait. Mhando dzakasiyana dzematambudziko ekufamba dzinoitika pasina kudzora kwemunhu. Mazhinji, asi kwete ese, anokonzerwa nechimiro chemuviri.

Vamwe vanofamba zvisina kujairika vakapihwa mazita:

• Propulsive gait - yakatsikiswa, kuomarara kuomarara nemusoro nemutsipa zvakakotamira kumberi
• Chigero gait - makumbo akachinjika zvishoma pahudyu nemabvi kunge achikotama, nemabvi nezvidya zvichirova kana kuyambuka muchigero-senge kufamba
• Spastic gait - kuomarara, tsoka-yekukweva kufamba kunokonzerwa nehurefu hwemhasuru kudzvinyirira kune rumwe rutivi
• Nhanho yekutsika-kudonha kwetsoka uko rutsoka runorembera zvigunwe zvakanongedzera pasi, zvichikonzera zvigunwe kupura pasi paunenge uchifamba, zvinoda kuti mumwe munhu asimudze gumbo rakakwirira kupfuura zvakajairika kana achifamba
• Waddling gait - dhadha-senge kufamba kungangooneka muhudiki kana gare gare muhupenyu
• Ataxic, kana yakafara-yakavakirwa, gait - tsoka yakafara kunze zvisina kujairika, jerikisi, uye kuruka kana kurova kana uchiedza kufamba
• Magnetic gait - kusvetuka nemakumbo kunzwa sekunge vanonamira pasi

Kusanzwisisika gait kunogona kukonzerwa nezvirwere munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri.

Zvinowanzoitika zvikonzero zvisina kujairika zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Arthritis yegumbo kana tsoka tsoka
• Kutendeuka kusagadzikana (kusagadzikana kwepfungwa)
• Zvinetso zvetsoka (senge callus, chibage, nzara ingrown, wart, kurwadziwa, ganda rinorwadza, kuzvimba, kana kupora)
• Bhonzo rakatyoka
• Majekiseni mumhasuru inokonzera kushushikana mugumbo kana magaro
• Utachiona
• Kukuvadza
• Makumbo ari ehurefu hwakasiyana
• Kuzvimba kana kuzvimba kwemhasuru (myositis)
• Shin zvimedu
• Matambudziko eshangu
• Kuzvimba kana kuzvimba kwetendon (tendinitis)
• Torsion yeiyo testis
• Ubongo, musana, uye chirwere chetsinga chirwere

Iyi rondedzero haina kusanganisira zvese zvikonzero zveasina kujaira gait.

ZVINOKONZESA ZVINONYANYA ZVINOKOSHA

Propulsive gait:

• Carbon monoxide chepfu
• Manganese chepfu
• Parkinson chirwere
• Kushandiswa kwemamwe madhiragi, anosanganisira phenothiazines, haloperidol, thiothixene, loxapine, uye metoclopramide (kazhinji, zvinokanganisa zvinodhaka ndezvenguva pfupi)

Spastic kana chigero gait:

• Kuputirwa kwehuropi
• Ubongo kana kushungurudzika musoro
• Bundu rebongo
• Kurohwa
• Cerebral palsy
• Cervical spondylosis ine myelopathy (dambudziko rine vertebrae mumutsipa)
• Chiropa kutadza
• Multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Pernicious anemia (mamiriro umo musina kukwana masero matsvuku eropa kuti ape okisijeni kumatumbu emuviri)
• Spinal tambo kushungurudzika
• Spinal cord bundu
• Neurosyphilis (hutachiona hutachiona hwehuropi kana musana wespinal nekuda kwesyphilis)
• Syringomyelia (muunganidzwa wecerebrospinal fluid inoumba mumuzongoza)

Tsananguro gait:

• Guillain-Barre chirwere
• Herniated lumbar disk
• Multiple sclerosis
• Tsvina kushaya simba kwetibia
• Peroneal neuropathy
• Poriyo
• Spinal cord kukuvara

Waddling gait:

• Kuberekwa hudyu dysplasia
• Muscular dystrophy (boka rezvinetso zvakagarwa nhaka izvo zvinokonzeresa kushaya simba kwemhasuru uye kurasikirwa kwemhasuru yemhasuru)
• Tsandanyama chirwere (myopathy)
• Spinal mhasuru atrophy

Ataxic, kana yakafara-based, gait:

• Acute cerebellar ataxia (uncoordated mhasuru kufamba nekuda kwechirwere kana kukuvara kune iyo cerebellum muuropi)
• Doro kudhakwa
• Kukuvara kwehuropi
• Kukuvadza kune maseru etsinga mucerebellum yeuropi (cerebellar degeneration)
• Mishonga (phenytoin nemimwe mishonga yekubatwa)
• Polyneuropathy (kukuvara kumitsipa yakawanda, sezvinoitika nechirwere cheshuga)
• Kurohwa

Magnetic gait:

• Kukanganiswa kunokanganisa chikamu chepamberi cheuropi
• Hydrocephalus (kuzvimba kwehuropi)

Kurapa iyo chikonzero kazhinji kunovandudza iyo gait. Semuenzaniso, gait kukanganisika kubva mukushungurudzika kusvika pachikamu chegumbo kunozovandudza sezvo gumbo rinopora.

Kurapa kwepanyama kunowanzo kubatsira nguva pfupi kana kwenguva refu. Therapy inoderedza njodzi yekudonha uye zvimwe kukuvara.

Kune yakasarudzika gait iyo inoitika nekutendeuka kusagadzikana, kurairwa uye rutsigiro kubva kunhengo dzemhuri zvinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya.

Nezve propulsive gait:

• Kurudzira munhu kuti ave akazvimiririra sezvinobvira.
• Bvumira yakawanda nguva yezviitiko zvezuva nezuva, kunyanya kufamba. Vanhu vane dambudziko iri vangangodonha nekuti vane mwero wakasarudzika uye vanogara vachiedza kubata.
• Ipa rubatsiro rwekufamba nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, kunyanya pane isina kuenzana pasi.
• Ona murapi wepanyama wekurovedza muviri kurapwa uye kufamba kudzidzisazve.

Nezve chigero gait:

• Vanhu vane chigero gait kazhinji vanorasikirwa nekunzwa kweganda. Kuchengetwa kweganda kunofanirwa kushandiswa kudzivirira maronda eganda.
• Makumbo ekumisikidza uye mu-shangu mabara anogona kubatsira kuchengeta rutsoka munzvimbo chaiyo yekumira nekufamba. Chiremba wepanyama anogona kupa izvi uye nekupa kurapa kwekurovedza muviri, kana zvichidikanwa.
• Mishonga (mhasuru inozorodza, anti-spasticity mishonga) inogona kudzora mhasuru kunyanyisa.

Nezve spastic gait:

• Maekisesaizi anokurudzirwa.
• Makumbo ekumisikidza uye mu-shangu mabara anogona kubatsira kuchengeta rutsoka munzvimbo chaiyo yekumira nekufamba. Chiremba wepanyama anogona kupa izvi uye nekupa kurapa kwekurovedza muviri, kana zvichidikanwa.
• Tsvimbo kana munhu anofamba anokurudzirwa kune avo vane mwero wakasarudzika.
• Mishonga (mhasuru inozorodza, anti-spasticity mishonga) inogona kudzora mhasuru kunyanyisa.

Nezve nhanho yekutsika:

• Zorora zvakakwana. Kuneta kunogona kukonzera munhu kugumbusa chigunwe uye kudonha.
• Makumbo ekumisikidza uye mu-shangu mabara anogona kubatsira kuchengeta tsoka munzvimbo chaiyo yekumira nekufamba. Chiremba wepanyama anogona kupa izvi uye nekupa kurapa kwekurovedza muviri, kana zvichidikanwa.

Nezve waddling gait, tevera kurapwa kwaunopihwa nehutano.

Zvemagineti gait nekuda kwehydrocephalus, kufamba kunogona kuvandudzika mushure mekurapa kwehuropi.

Kana paine chero chiratidzo chekusagadzikana uye chisina kutsanangurwa gait zvisizvo, fonera mupi wako.

Iye mupi anotora nhoroondo yezvokurapa uye oongorora muviri.

Chiremba nhoroondo mibvunzo inogona kusanganisira:

• Nguva yenguva, senge pakatanga dambudziko, uye kana ikauya kamwe kamwe kana zvishoma nezvishoma
• Rudzi rwekusagadzikana kwe gait, senge chero eayo ataurwa pamusoro
• Zvimwe zviratidzo, sekurwadziwa uye kwazviri, kuoma mitezo, kunyangwe paine hutachiona hwazvino
• Ndeipi mishonga iri kutorwa
• Nhoroondo yekukuvara, senge gumbo, musoro, kana kukuvara kwemuzongoza
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvakadai seporiyo, mapundu, sitiroko kana mamwe matambudziko emidziyo yeropa
• Kana paine marapiro achangobva kuitwa akadai sekubaiwa, kuvhiya, chemotherapy kana radiation radiation
• Kuzvimirira uye nhoroondo yemhuri, sekuremara kwekuzvara, zvirwere zvehurongwa hwemitsipa, matambudziko ekukura, matambudziko emuzongoza

Iko kuongorora kwepanyama kunosanganisira mhasuru, pfupa, uye kuongorora kwehurongwa. Iye mupi achasarudza kuti ndeapi mabvunzo aanofanira kuita zvichibva pamhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwemuviri.

Gait zvisizvo

Magee DJ. Kuongorora gait. Mune: Magee DJ, ed. Orthopedic Kuongorora Kwemuviri. 6th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: chitsiko 14.

Thompson PD, Nutt JG. Gait kusagadzikana. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.