Toxicology skrini

A toxicology screen inoreva bvunzo dzakasiyana dzinoona mhando uye huwandu hwehuwandu hwemishonga zviri pamutemo uye zvisiri pamutemo zvakatorwa nemunhu.

Toxicology kuongorora kunowanzoitwa uchishandisa ropa kana weti sampuro. Nekudaro, zvinogona kuitwa nekukurumidza mushure mekunge munhu amedza mushonga, achishandisa zviri mudumbu zvakatorwa kuburikidza ne gastric lavage (kupomba mudumbu) kana mushure mekurutsa.

Hapana gadziriro inokosha inodiwa. Kana uchikwanisa, udza mupi wako wezvehutano kuti ndeapi madhiragi (anosanganisira anopfuura-e-piritsi mishonga yawakatora, kusanganisira pawakaatora uye kuti wakadya zvakadii.

Uyu muedzo dzimwe nguva chikamu chekutsvaga kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kana kushungurudzwa. Yakakosha mvumo, kubata uye kunyora mazita, kana mamwe maitiro anogona kudikanwa.

Ropa bvunzo:

Kana tsono ikaiswa kuti itore ropa, vamwe vanhu vanonzwa kurwadziwa zvine mwero, nepo vamwe vanongonzwa kubaya kana kurira. Mushure meizvozvo, panogona kunge paine kurovera.

Weti bvunzo:

Kuongorora weti kunosanganisira kuita weti zvakajairika. Iko hakuna kusagadzikana.

Uyu muedzo unowanzoitwa mune zvekukurumidzira zvekurapa mamiriro. Inogona kushandiswa kuongorora zvingangoitika netsaona kana nemaune ovhadhozi kana chepfu. Zvinogona kubatsira kuona chakakonzeresa huturu hwezvinodhaka, kuongorora kutsamira kwezvinodhaka, uye kuona kuvapo kwezvinhu mumuviri nekuda kwekurapa kana kwepamutemo zvinangwa.

Zvimwe zvikonzero izvo bvunzo zvinogona kuitwa zvinosanganisira:

• Kudhakwa
• Doro rinorega nyika
• Akachinja mafungiro
• Analgesic nephropathy (itsvo chepfu)
• Kuomesa doro kudzivisa (delirium tremens)
• Delirium
• Dementia
• Kuongorora kushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka
• Fetal doro chirwere
• Kuwedzeredza kwechinangwa
• Kufenda
• Stroke inokonzerwa nekushandisa kwecocaine
• Anofungidzirwa kushungurudzwa pabonde
• Kusaziva

Kana iyo bvunzo ichishandiswa sechiratidziro chemushonga, chinofanirwa kuitwa mukati menguva yakati rebei mushure mekunge mushonga wacho watorwa, kana nepo mafomu emushonga achiri kugona kuonekwa mumuviri. Mienzaniso iri pazasi:

• Doro: 3 kusvika 10 maawa
• Amphetamines: 24 kusvika 48 maawa
• Barbiturates: kusvika kumavhiki matanhatu
• Benzodiazepines: anosvika kumavhiki matanhatu nekushandiswa kwepamusoro
• Cocaine: mazuva maviri kusvika mana; kusvika kumazuva gumi kusvika makumi maviri nemaviri nekushandisa zvakanyanya
• Codeine: 1 kusvika 2 mazuva
• Heroin: 1-2 mazuva
• Hydromorphone: 1 kusvika 2 mazuva
• Methadone: mazuva maviri kusvika matatu
• Morphine: 1 kusvika 2 mazuva
• Phencyclidine (PCP): 1 kusvika 8 mazuva
• Propoxyphene: maawa matanhatu kusvika makumi mana
• Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): mavhiki matanhatu kusvika gumi nerimwe nekushandisa zvakanyanya

Zvakajairika kukosha maseru eanopfuura-the-counter kana mishonga yemishonga inogona kusiyana zvishoma pakati pemarabhoritari akasiyana. Taura nemupi wako nezve zvinorehwa nemimwe miedzo yako.

Kukosha kwakashata kazhinji kunoreva kuti doro, mishonga yakanyorwa isati yatemwa, uye zvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo hazvina kuwanikwa.

Chiropa cheropa toxicology chinogona kuona huvepo uye nhanho (huwandu) hwemushonga mumuviri wako.

Urine sampuro mhedzisiro inowanzo kutaurwa seyakanaka (chinhu chinowanikwa) kana chisina kunaka (hapana chinhu chinowanikwa).

Makwikwi akakwidziridzwa edoro kana mishonga yemishonga inogona kuva chiratidzo chekudhakwa nemaune kana netsaona kana kunyanyisa.

Kuvapo kwemishonga isiri pamutemo kana madhiragi asina kunyorerwa munhu kunoratidza kushandiswa kwemishonga zvisiri pamutemo.

Kumwe kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo uye pamusoro pekambani yemishonga kunogona kusangana nemakemikari ekuyedza uye mhedzisiro yemanyepo pakuongorora weti. Wako mupi achaziva nezve mukana uyu.

Njodzi dzakabatana nekutorwa kweropa idiki asi dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Kuwedzera kubuda ropa
• Kufenda kana kunzwa kushaya musoro
• Hematoma (ropa rinoungana pasi peganda)
• Utachiona (hushoma njodzi chero nguva ganda parinovhunika)

Zvinhu zvinogona kuwanikwa pane chepikisheni skrini zvinosanganisira:

• Doro (ethanol) - "kunwa" doro
• Amphetamine
• Zvinodzvinyirira
• Barbiturates uye hypnotics
• Benzodiazepines
• Cocaine
• Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
• Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
• Mbanje
• Narcotics
• Mishonga isina-narcotic inorwadza, kusanganisira acetaminophen nemishonga inorwisa-kuzvimba
• Phencyclidine (PCP)
• Phenothiazines (antipsychotic kana runyararo mishonga)
• Mishonga yekunyorera, chero mhando

Barbiturates - skrini; Benzodiazepines - skrini; Amphetamines - skrini; Analgesics - skrini; Zvinodzvinyirira - skrini; Narcotic - skrini; Phenothiazines - skrini; Screen yekushandisa zvinodhaka; Ropa doro bvunzo

• Kuongorora ropa

Langman LJ, Bechtel LK, Meier BM, Holstege C. Clinical chepfu. Mu: Rifai N, ed. Tietz Chinyorwa cheKiriniki Chemistry uye Molecular Diagnostics. 6th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 41.

Minns AB, Clark RF. Kushandisa zvinodhaka. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsuwa 140.

Mofenson HC, Caraccio TR, McGuigan M, Greensher J. Kurapa toxicology. Mune: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn Yazvino Therapy 2019. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019; 1273-1325.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Abraham NZ. Toxicology uye yekurapa kwekutarisa zvinodhaka. Mune: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis uye Management nemaLabhoritari Maitiro. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chitsiko 23.