Thyroid nodule

Utachiona nodule kukura (bundu) mune yegland gland. Iyo yegland gland iri kumberi kwemutsipa, pamusoro chete panosangana mapoloni ako epakati.

Matunduru ehutachiona anokonzerwa nekukura kwemasero ari mugland. Uku kukura kunogona kuva:

• Kwete kenza (benign), cancer yekenza (yakaipa), kana kashoma, mamwe kanzira kana hutachiona
• Fluid-izere (cysts)
• Rimwe nodule kana boka remadiki madiki
• Kuburitsa utachiona mahormone (hot nodule) kana kusagadzira thyroid mahormone (inotonhorera nodule)

Makunduru ehutachiona akajairika. Zvinoitika kakawanda mumadzimai pane varume. Mukana wemunhu wekutora thyroid nodule unowedzera nezera.

Anongova mashoma mahuturu ma nodule anokonzerwa negomarara rekenza. Uturu nodule inowanzo kuve kenza kana iwe:

• Iva nemusoro wakaoma
• Iva nemusoro unonamatira kune zvivakwa zviri padyo
• Iva nenhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yetachiona
• Wakaona shanduko muzwi rako
• Vari vadiki pane makumi maviri kana kupfuura makumi manomwe
• Iva nenhoroondo yekuratidzwa nemwaranzi kumusoro kana mutsipa
• Vari murume

Zvinokonzeresa matinji emakirini hazviwanzo kuwanikwa, asi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Hashimoto's disease (maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri zvinopesana nehutachiona gland)
• Kushaikwa kwe ayodini mukudya

Mazhinji matinji emakemikari haakonzere zviratidzo.

Makuru ma nodule anogona kumanikidza kupokana nezvimwe zvimiro mumutsipa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Goiter inooneka (yakawedzera gland yegland)
• Hoarseness kana kuchinja izwi
• Marwadzo mumutsipa
• Matambudziko kufema, kunyanya kana warara pasi zvakati
• Zvinetso kumedza chikafu

Nodules dzinogadzira utachiona mahormone dzinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zveyakawandisa thyroid gland, kusanganisira:

• Rinodziya, rinodikitira ganda
• Kukurumidza kupisa uye kurovera moyo
• Kuwedzera kudya
• Kutya kana kushushikana
• Kusazorora kana kusarara zvakanaka
• Kuganda kweganda kana kutsva
• Kunyanya kuwanda ura kufamba
• Kudedera
• Kuonda
• Nguva dzisina kujairika kana dzakareruka kumwedzi

Vakwegura vane nodule inogadzira yakawandisa hutachiona hwehormone vanogona kungova nezviratidzo zvisina kujeka, zvinosanganisira:

• Kuneta
• Palpitations
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Kurasikirwa kwendangariro

Makemikari emakemikari dzimwe nguva anowanikwa kune vanhu vane Hashimoto chirwere. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zveiyo isingashande thyroid gland, senge:

• Kuzvimbirwa
• Ganda rakaoma
• Kumeso kuzvimba
• Kuneta
• Bvudzi kurasikirwa
• Kunzwa kutonhora kana vamwe vanhu vasina
• Kurera huremu
• Nguva dzisina kumwedzi dzekuenda kumwedzi

Kazhinji kazhinji, maqhuqhure haaburitse zviratidzo. Vashandi vezvehutano vanowanzo kuwana mamota ehutachiona panguva yekuongorora kwomuviri kana kuyedza kwekufungidzira kunoitwa kune chimwe chikonzero. Vashoma vanhu vane mamota ehutachiona akakura zvakakwana zvekuti vanoona iwo nodule vari vega uye vanokumbira mupi kuti aongorore mutsipa wavo.

Kana mupi achiwana nodule kana iwe uine zviratidzo zve nodule, bvunzo dzinotevera dzinogona kuitwa:

• Chikamu cheTSH uye kumwe kuongororwa kweropa kwehutachiona
• Utachiona ultrasound
• Utachiona scan (mushonga wenyukireya)
• Yakanaka tsono yekutsvagisa biopsy yeiyo nodule kana yemazhinji maqhumu (dzimwe nguva ane akakosha mageneral kuyedza pane nodule tishu)

Mupi wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa zvese kana chikamu chetachiona chako kana nodule iri:

• Nekuda kwegomarara rekenza
• Zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvakadai sekumedza kana kufema matambudziko
• Kana iyo tsono yakanaka biopsy isingazivikanwe, uye mupi wako haakwanise kuziva kana nodule iri gomarara
• Kugadzira yakawandisa thyroid hormone

Vanhu vane ma nodule ari kugadzira akawandisa thyroid thyroid anogona kurapwa ne radioiodine therapy. Izvi zvinoderedza saizi uye chiitiko cheiyo nodule. Vakadzi vane nhumbu kana vakadzi vachiri kuyamwa havana kupihwa kurapwa uku.

Ose kuvhiya kubvisa thyroid gland tishu uye radioactive iodine kurapwa kunogona kukonzera kweupenyu hwese hypothyroidism (isingashande thyroid). Aya mamiriro anoda kurapwa nehutachiona kutsiva (mushonga wezuva nezuva).

Kune isina-cancerous maqhuqhure asingakonzere zviratidzo uye asiri kukura, kurapwa kwakanyanya kungave:

• Kuchenjerera kutevedzera pamwe nekuongorora kwepanyama uye ultrasound
• Utachiona hwehutachiona hunodzokorora mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri mushure mekuongororwa, kunyanya kana nodule yakura

Imwe ingangoita kurapwa ndeye ethanol (doro) jekiseni mumudule kuti riiderere.

Noncancerous thyroid nodules haina kutyisidzira hupenyu. Vazhinji havadi kurapwa. Miedzo yekutevera yakwana.

Maonero ekenza yetachiona anoenderana nerudzi rwekenza. Kune mazhinji akajairika marudzi ekenza yetachiona, maonero akanaka kwazvo mushure mekurapwa.

Bata mupi wako kana iwe uchinzwa kana kuona bundu mumutsipa wako, kana kana iwe uine chero zviratidzo zvehutachiona nodule.

Kana iwe wakaratidzirwa kune radiation mumeso kana mutsipa nzvimbo, bata wako mupi. Mutsipa ultrasound inogona kuitwa kutarisa utachiona ma nodule.

Chirwere chetachiona - nodule; Thyroid adenoma - nodule; Thyroid carcinoma - nodule; Kenza yehutachiona - nodule; Utachiona hwechiitiko; Hot nodule; Cold nodule; Thyrotoxicosis - nodule; Hyperthyroidism - nodule

• Kubvisa gland - kubuda

• Utachiona gland biopsy

Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bhaibheri KC, et al.2015 American Thyroid Association manejimendi manejimendi evakuru varwere vane utachiona maqhuqhu uye kusiyanisa cancer kenza Utachiona. 2016; 26 (1): 1-133. PMID: 26462967 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462967/.

Filetti S, Tuttle M, Leboulleux S, Alexander EK. Nontoxic inoparadzira goiter, nodular thyroid zvinetso, uye utachiona malignancies. Mune: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Chinyorwa cheEndocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 14.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Utachiona. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 213.