Dextrocardia

Dextrocardia mamiriro ayo moyo unonongedzwa kurudyi rwechifuva. Kazhinji, moyo unonongedza kuruboshwe. Mamiriro acho aripo pakuzvarwa (kuberekwa).

Pakati pemavhiki ekutanga epamuviri, moyo wemwana unokura. Dzimwe nguva, inoshanduka kuitira kuti inongedze kurudyi rwechifuva pachinzvimbo chekuruboshwe. Zvikonzero zveizvi hazvina kujeka.

Kune akatiwandei marudzi e dextrocardia. Mhando zhinji dzinosanganisira kumwe kukanganisa kwemoyo nedumbu nzvimbo.

Mune yakapusa mhando dextrocardia, moyo igirazi mufananidzo weyakajairika moyo uye hakuna mamwe matambudziko. Ichi chiitiko hachiwanzoitika. Kana izvi zvikaitika, nhengo dzemudumbu nemapapu dzinowanzo rongedzwa mumufananidzo wegirazi. Semuenzaniso, chiropa chichava kuruboshwe pane kurudyi.

Vamwe vanhu vane girazi-mufananidzo dextrocardia vane dambudziko nemabvudzi akanaka (cilia) ayo anosefa mweya unopinda mumhino nemumapaseji emhepo. Aya mamiriro anonzi Kartagener syndrome.

Mune mamwe marudzi akajairika e dextrocardia, zvimwe zvinokanganisa moyo zviripowo. Izvo zvinowanzoitika pane izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kaviri kuburitsa kurudyi ventricle (iyo aorta inosangana kune kurudyi ventricle pane kuenda kuruboshwe ventricle)
• Endocardial cushion kuremara (madziro anopatsanura ese mana makamuri emoyo haana kuumbwa zvakanaka kana kusavapo)
• Pulmonary stenosis (kudzikira kwepulmonary vharafu) kana atresia (pulmonary vheji haina kuumba mushe)
• Imwe ventricle (pachinzvimbo cheviri ma ventricle, pane imwechete ventricle)
• Kuchinjika kwemidziyo mikuru (iyo aorta uye pulmonary arteri yashandurwa)
• Ventricular septal chirema (gomba pamadziro iro rinoparadzanisa kurudyi uye kuruboshwe ma ventricles emoyo)

Nhengo dzepamuviri uye dzechifuva muvacheche vane dextrocardia dzinogona kunge dzisina kujairika uye dzinogona kusashanda nemazvo. Chirwere chakakomba kwazvo chinowanikwa ne dextrocardia chinonzi heterotaxy. Mune mamiriro aya, mazhinji emitezo haasi munzvimbo dzawo uye anogona kusashanda nemazvo. Semuenzaniso, iyo spleen inogona kunge isipo zvachose. Iyo spleen chikamu chakakosha chemuviri wemuviri, saka vacheche vanozvarwa vasina nhengo iyi vari mungozi yehutachiona hwakanyanya hwehutachiona uye kufa. Mune imwe nzira yeheterotaxy, akati wandei madiki aripo, asi anogona kusashanda nemazvo.

Heterotaxy inogona zvakare kusanganisira:

• Isina kujairika nduru system
• Matambudziko nemapapu
• Matambudziko nemaitiro kana chinzvimbo cheuura
• Kukanganisa kwakakomba kwemoyo
• Kukanganisika kwemitsipa yeropa

Zvinogona kuitika njodzi kune dextrocardia inosanganisira nhoroondo yemhuri yemamiriro acho.

Iko hakuna zviratidzo zve dextrocardia kana moyo wakajairika.

Mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kusanganisira dextrocardia anogona kukonzera zvinotevera zviratidzo:

• Bluish ganda
• Kunetseka kufema
• Kukundikana kukura uye kuwedzera uremu
• Kuneta
• Jaundice (yero ganda uye maziso)
• Ganda rakachenuruka (pallor)
• Yakadzokororwa sinus kana mapapu hutachiona

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama uye obvunza nezvezviratidzo.

Kuyedza kuongorora dextrocardia kunosanganisira:

• Chest x-ray
• CT scan yemoyo
• Electrocardiogram
• MRI yemoyo
• Echocardiogram

Iyo yakazara girazi yemufananidzo dextrocardia isina hurema hwemwoyo haidi kurapwa. Izvo zvakakosha, zvakadaro, kurega mupi wehutano weyemwana achiziva moyo uri kurudyi rwechifuva. Ruzivo urwu runogona kuve rwakakosha mune mamwe bvunzo uye bvunzo.

Rudzi rwekurapa runodikanwa kunoenderana nemoyo kana matambudziko epanyama angave nemwana mukuwedzera kune dextrocardia.

Kana kukanganisa kwemoyo kuripo ne dextrocardia, mwana angangoda kuvhiyiwa. Vacheche vanorwara vangangoda kutora mishonga vasati vavhiyiwa. Iyi mishonga inobatsira mwana kukura zvakanyanya saka kuvhiya kuri nyore kuita.

Mishonga inosanganisira:

• Mapiritsi emvura (diuretics)
• Zvinodhaka zvinobatsira moyo wemhasuru kupomba zvine simba (inotropic vamiririri)
• Zvinodhaka zvinoderedza kukwira kweropa uye kurerutsa basa riri pamoyo (ACE inhibitors)

Mwana anogona zvakare kuda kuvhiyiwa kugadzirisa matambudziko munhengo dzedumbu.

Vana vane Kartagener syndrome vachada kurapwa kwakadzokororwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yezvirwere zvechivi.

Vana vane yakarasika kana isina kujairika spleen inoda marefu marefu maantibhakitiriya.

Vese vana vane moyo wakaremara vangangoda kutora maantibayoti pamberi pekuvhiya kana kurapwa kwemazino.

Vacheche vane dextrocardia yakapusa vane hupenyu hwakajairwa uye havafanirwe kunge vaine matambudziko ane hukama nenzvimbo yemoyo.

Kana dextrocardia ikaonekwa nekumwe kusakwana mumoyo uye kumwe kunhu mumuviri, kuti mwana anoita zvakanaka zvakadii nekuomarara kwemamwe matambudziko.

Vacheche nevana vasina spleen vanogona kutapukirwa kazhinji. Izvi zvingangoita zvishoma zvinodzivirirwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mazuva ese.

Matambudziko anoenderana nekuti dextrocardia chikamu chechirwere chikuru, uye kana mamwe matambudziko aripo mumuviri. Matambudziko anosanganisira:

• Yakadzivirirwa ura (nekuda kwechimiro chinonzi intestinal malrotation)
• Kutadza kwemoyo
• Utachiona (heterotaxy isina spleen)
• Kusabereka muvanhurume (Kartagener syndrome)
• Anodzokororwa mabayo
• Yakadzokororwa sinus hutachiona (Kartagener syndrome)
• Rufu

Fonera mupiki wako kana mwana wako:

• Zvinoita sekutapukirwa kazhinji
• Zvinoita kunge zvinorema
• Matai nyore

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira kana mwana wako ane:

• Ruvara rwebhuruu kune ganda
• Kunetseka kufema
• Ganda jena (jaundice)

Mamwe ma syndromes anosanganisira dextrocardia anogona kumhanya mumhuri. Kana iwe uine nhoroondo yemhuri ye heterotaxy, taura nemupi wako usati wava nepamuviri.

Iko hakuna nzira dzinozivikanwa dzekudzivirira dextrocardia.Nekudaro, kudzivirira kushandiswa kwemishonga isiri pamutemo (kunyanya cocaine) usati uye panguva yekuzvitakura kunogona kudzikisa njodzi yedambudziko iri.

Taura nemupi wako kana uine chirwere cheshuga. Aya mamiriro anogona kupa kune yako njodzi yekuve nemwana ane mamwe maitiro e dextrocardia.

Cyanotic moyo hurema - dextrocardia; Kuberekwa kwemoyo kukanganisa - dextrocardia; Kuremara kwekuzvarwa - dextrocardia

• Dextrocardia

Paki MK, Salamat M. Chamber localization uye yemoyo malposition. Mune: Park MK, Salamat M, eds. Paki Pediatric Cardiology yeVashandi. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chitsauko 17.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Congenital chirwere chemoyo mune mukuru uye wevarwere murwere. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 75.