HIV / AIDS mumadzimai akazvitakura nevacheche

Hutachiwana hwehutachiona hweHIV (hutachiona hweHIV) hutachiona hunokonzera AIDS. Kana munhu akatapukirwa nehutachiwana hweHIV, hutachiona hunorwisa nekushayisa simba immune immune. Sezvo immune system inodzikira, munhu ari panjodzi yekuwana hutachiona hunotyisidzira hupenyu nemakenza. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, chirwere chinonzi AIDS.

HIV inogona kutapurirwa kumwana kana mucheche panguva yepamuviri, panguva yekusununguka kana kusununguka, kana nekuyamwisa.

Chinyorwa ichi chiri pamusoro peHIV / AIDS mumadzimai akazvitakura nevacheche.

Vana vazhinji vaneHIV vanowana hutachiwana hwunobva kuna amai vane hutachiwana huchienda kumwana. Izvi zvinogona kuitika panguva yepamuviri, yekusununguka, kana pakuyamwisa.

Ropa chete, urume, mvura yemukadzi, uye mukaka wemuzamu wakaratidzwa kuendesa hutachiona kune vamwe.

Hutachiona HAPANA kupararira kuvacheche ne:

• Kusangana zvisina kujairika, sekumbundirana kana kubata
• Kubata zvinhu zvakabatwa nemunhu akabatwa nehutachiona, senge matauro kana machira ekuwachisa
• Mate, ziya, kana misodzi isingasanganiswe neropa remunhu ane hutachiona

Vazhinji vacheche vanozvarwa nevakadzi vane hutachiona hweHIV muUnited States HAVANA hutachiona hweHIV kana amai nemwana vachichengetwa zvakanaka vasati vasununguka uye mushure mekusununguka.

Vacheche vane utachiona hweHIV kazhinji havana zviratidzo zvemwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu yekutanga. Kamwe zviratidzo zvikatanga, zvinogona kusiyana. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Mbiriso (candida) hutachiona mumuromo
• Kukundikana kuwedzera uremu uye kukura
• Kuzvimba lymph glands
• Dzimba dzakazvimba dzematehwe
• Yakawedzera spleen kana chiropa
• Nzeve uye sinus hutachiona
• Epamusoro mweya wekufema
• Kunonoka kufamba, kukambaira, kana kutaura uchienzaniswa nevacheche vane hutano
• Manyoka

Kurapa kwekutanga kazhinji kunodzivirira hutachiona hweHIV kubva mukufambira mberi.

Pasina kurapwa, immune system yemwana inoderera nekufamba kwenguva, uye hutachiona husingawanzoitika muvana vane hutano hunokura. Aya ndiwo hutachiona hwakakomba mumuviri. Zvinogona kukonzerwa nemabhakitiriya, mavairasi, fungi, kana protozoa. Panguva ino, hurwere hwave hwakazara AIDS.

Heano maedzo amai vane nhumbu uye mwana wavo vangangofanira kuongorora hutachiona:

MIEDZO YOKUTSVAGA HIV MUVAKADZI VANE Nhumbu

Vakadzi vese vakazvitakura vanofanirwa kuongororwa hutachiona hweHIV pamwe nekumwe kuongororwa kwepabonde. Vakadzi vari panjodzi huru vanofanirwa kuongororwa kechipiri panguva yetatu trimester.

Vanamai vasina kuyedzwa vanogona kutambira kuongororwa nekukurumidza kweHIV panguva yekusununguka.

Mukadzi anozivikanwa kuva neutachiona hweHIV panguva yepamuviri achagara achiongororwa ropa, kusanganisira:

• CD4 kuverenga
• Viral load test, kuti uone kuti HIV iri muropa zvakadii
• Chiyero chekuona kana hutachiona huchapindura kumishonga inoshandiswa kurapa HIV (inonzi bvunzo yekudzivirira)

MIEDZO YOKUEDZESA HIV MUBABHA NEVANA

Vacheche vanozvarwa nevakadzi vane hutachiwana hweHIV vanofanira kuongororwa hutachiona hweHIV. Bvunzo iyi inotarisa kuti hutachiwana hweHIV hwakawanda sei mumuviri. Mune vacheche vanozvarwa naamai vane hutachiona hweHIV, kuongororwa kweHIV kunoitwa:

• Mazuva gumi nemana kusvika makumi maviri nemasere aberekwa
• Pamwedzi 1 kusvika ku2
• Pamwedzi mina kusvika kumitanhatu

Kana mhedzisiro yeongororo mbiri isina, mucheche HAANA hutachiona hweHIV. Kana zvabuda pakuongororwa kwese zvikavepo, mwana ane HIV.

Vacheche vane njodzi huru yekubatira hutachiwana hweHIV vanogona kuongororwa pakuzvarwa.

HIV / AIDS inorapwa neantiretroviral therapy (ART). Iyi mishonga inomisa hutachiona kuti husawanda.

KURAPA VAKADZI VANE Nhumbu

Kurapa vakadzi vakazvitakura vane HIV kunodzivirira vana kubva mukutapukirwa.

• Kana mukadzi akaongororwa aine pamuviri, anowana ART achiri nepamuviri. Kazhinji kazhinji iye anogamuchira iwo matatu-madhiragi marimu.
• Ngozi yemishonga iyi yeART kumwana ari mudumbu yakaderera. Amai vanogona kunge vaine imwe ultrasound pane yechipiri trimester.
• HIV inogona kuwanikwa mumukadzi paanopinda mukusununguka, kunyanya kana asina kumbobvira awana rubatsiro rwekusununguka. Kana zvirizvo, acharapwa nemishonga yemaARV ipapo ipapo. Dzimwe nguva mishonga iyi inopihwa kuburikidza netsinga (IV).
• Kana bvunzo yekutanga yakanaka iri panguva yebasa, kugamuchira ART ipapo panguva yebasa kunogona kudzora huwandu hwehutachiona muvana kusvika pagumi muzana.

KURAPA VANA NAVANA

Vacheche vanozvarwa naamai vane hutachiona vanotanga kuwana ART mukati memakore matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri mushure mekuzvarwa. Imwe kana anopfuura maAIR anofanirwa kuenderera kweanopfuura mavhiki matanhatu aberekwa.

KUYAMwisa

Vakadzi vane HIV havafanirwe kuyamwa. Izvi zvinoshanda kunyange kumadzimai ari kutora mishonga yeHIV. Kuita izvi kunogona kupfuudza mwana kumukaka wemukaka.

Zvinetso zvekuva muchengeti wemwana aneHIV / AIDS zvinogona kubatsirwa nekujoinha boka rekutsigira. Mumapoka aya, nhengo dzinogovana zvinoitika pamwe nezvinetso.

Ngozi yekuti amai vatapure hutachiona hweHIV panguva yepamuviri kana panguva yekusununguka yakaderera kune vanaamai vanoonekwa nekurapwa pakutanga kwekubata. Paanorapwa, mukana wekuti mwana wake atapukirwe uri pasi pe1%. Nekuda kwekutanga kuongororwa uye kurapwa, kune vashoma pane mazana maviri evana vanozvarwa vaine hutachiwana muUnited States pagore.

Kana chinzvimbo chemukadzi chemukondombera chisingawanikwe kusvika panguva yebasa, kurapwa kwakakodzera kunogona kudzikisa huwandu hwehutachiona muvacheche kusvika pagumi muzana.

Vana vane HIV / AIDS vanofanirwa kunwa maART kweupenyu hwavo hwese. Mushonga haurape hutachiona. Mishonga inoshanda chete sekutorwa kwayakaitwa mazuva ese. Nokurapwa kwakakodzera, vana vane HIV / AIDS vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakajairika.

Fonera munhu anokuchengetedza hutano kana uine hutachiwana hweHIV kana kuti uri panjodzi yeHIV, UYE unoita nhumbu kana kuti uchifunga kuve nepamuviri.

Vakadzi vane hutachiona hweHIV vanogona kubata pamuviri vanofanirwa kutaura nemupi wavo nezve njodzi kumwana wavo asati aberekwa. Vanofanirawo kukurukura nzira dzekudzivirira nadzo mwana wavo kutapukirwa, sekutora maARV panguva yepamuviri. Pakutanga mukadzi anotanga mishonga, kudzikira mukana wehutachiona mumwana.

Vakadzi vane HIV havafanirwe kuyamwisa vana vavo. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kupfuudza HIV kumucheche kuburikidza nemukaka wechipfuva.

Utachiona hweHIV - vana; Hutachiona hwehutachiona hwevanhu - vana; Kuwana immune kushomeka chirwere - vana; Kubata - HIV; Hutachiona hweMadzimai; Perinatal - Mukondombera

• Hutachiona hweHIV hwepakutanga
• HIV

Clinicalinfo.HIV.gov webhusaiti. Nongedzo dzekushandiswa kwemaantiretroviral vamiririri muhutachiona hweHIV hwevana. clinicinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/pediatric-arv/whats-new-guidelines. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 12, 2021. Yakasvika musi waMarch 9, 2021.

Clinicalinfo.HIV.gov webhusaiti. Kurudziro yekushandisa mishonga yema antiretroviral mumadzimai akazvitakura ane hutachiona hweHIV uye kupindira kudzikisira hutachiona hweHIV muUnited States. clinicinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/perinatal/whats-new-guidelines. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 10, 2021. Yakasvika musi waMarch 9, 2021.

Hayes EV. Hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehunhu uye hunowanikwa immunodeficiency syndrome. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsama 302.

Weinberg GA, Siberry GK. Pediatric human immunodeficiency hutachiona. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 127.