Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peAsperger's uye Autism?

Zvemukati

• Nezve autism spectrum kusagadzikana (ASD)
• Nezve Asperger's syndrome
• Zviratidzo zvekuziva zveAsperger's syndrome
• Asperger's vs. Autism: Ndeupi mutsauko?
• Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinosiyana here kuAsperger uye autism?
• Tora woenda nazvo

Unogona kunzwa vanhu vazhinji vachitaura nezveAsperger's syndrome mukufema kumwechete ne autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Asperger yaimboonekwa seyakasiyana neASD. Asi kuongororwa kweAsperger hakuchina. Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvaimbove chikamu chekuongororwa kweAsperger izvozvi zvinowira pasi peASD.

Pane misiyano yezvakaitika pakati peshoko rekuti "Asperger's" uye izvo zvinonzi "autism." Asi zvakakosha kupinda mune izvo chaizvo Asperger uye uye nei ikozvino ichionekwa sechikamu cheASD.

Ramba uchiverenga kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve yega yeaya matambudziko.

Nezve autism spectrum kusagadzikana (ASD)

Havasi vese vana vane autistic vanoratidzira iwo iwo iwo zviratidzo zve autism kana vanoona izvi zviratidzo kune iwo iwo mwero.

Ndicho chikonzero autism inofungidzirwa kuti iri pamutambo. Kune akasiyana maitiro uye zviitiko zvinofungidzirwa kuwira pasi pemuraira wehutachiona kuongororwa.

Heano mhedziso pfupiso yemaitiro anogona kukonzera kuti mumwe munhu aonekwe aine autism:

• mutsauko mukugadzirisa zviitiko zvekunzwa, sekubata kana kurira, kubva kune avo vanoonekwa se "neurotypical"
• mutsauko mumitauro yekudzidza uye nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko, sekukurumidza kudzidza misoro yakaoma kana yakaoma nyaya asi uchinetseka kugona kuita mabasa epanyama kana kutaura kwekutendeuka
• zvakadzama, zvinotsigirwa zvakasarudzika zvido mune dzimwe nhaurwa
• kudzokorora kufamba kana maitiro (dzimwe nguva inonzi "kuomesa"), sekurova maoko kana kuzunza kumashure nekudzoka
• chishuwo chakasimba chekuchengetedza maitiro kana kuseta kurongeka, sekutevera iwo iwo marongero zuva rega rega kana kuronga zvinhu zvako neimwe nzira
• kunetseka kugadzirisa uye kuburitsa kutaurirana kana kusataura, sekunge uine dambudziko kutaura pfungwa nemazwi kana kuratidza manzwiro nekunze
• kuomarara kugadzirisa kana kutora chikamu muneurotypical yemagariro ekudyidzana mamiriro, sekukwazisa munhu adzoka avakwazisa

Nezve Asperger's syndrome

Asperger's syndrome yaimboonekwa se "nyoro" kana "inoshanda-yepamusoro" maitiro eatism.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanhu vakagamuchira kuongororwa kwaAsperger vaiwanzoona hunhu hwehutachiona hwaiwanzo kutarisirwa kunge hwakasiyana zvakasiyana nehwevanhu vaneuropi.

Asperger yakatanga kupinzwa muDiagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM) mugore ra1994.

Izvi zvakaitika nekuti chiremba wepfungwa wechiChirungu Lorna Wing akashandura mabasa echiremba weAustria Hans Asperger uye akaona kuti kutsvagisa kwake kwakawana hunhu hwakasiyana muvana vane autistic kubva kune avo vane zviratidzo "zvine simba".

Zviratidzo zvekuziva zveAsperger's syndrome

Heino pfupiso ipfupi yeiyo kubva yapfuura vhezheni yeDSM (mazhinji eaya angaite senge anozivikanwa):

• kunetsekana nekutaurirana kana kwekutaura, sekutarisana nemeso kana kutsvinya
• kuva nehukama hushoma kana husina hurefu hwekudyidzana nevezera rako
• kusava nehanya nekutora chikamu mune zviitiko kana zvido nevamwe
• kuratidza kushoma kune kusapindura kune zvemagariro kana zvepamoyo zviitiko
• kuve nehukama hwakasimba mune imwe chete yakakosha musoro wenyaya kana mashoma mashoma misoro
• kuomerera zvakanyanya kune zvakajairwa kana zvetsika maitiro
• kudzokorora maitiro kana kufamba
• kufarira kwakanyanya mune zvakasarudzika zvezvinhu
• kusangana nedambudziko rekuchengetedza hukama, mabasa, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva nekuda kwezviratidzo zvakambonyorwa
• kusave nekunonoka pakudzidza mutauro kana kusimudzira kwekuziva kwakajairwa nezvimwe, zvakafanana neurodevelopmental mamiriro

Kubva muna2013, Asperger's rave kutorwa sechikamu cheiyo autism spectrum uye haichaonekwi semamiriro akapatsanuka.

Asperger's vs. Autism: Ndeupi mutsauko?

Asperger uye autism hazvichaonekwe seyakasiyana kuongororwa. Vanhu vanogona kunge vakambogamuchira kuongororwa kwaAsperger pachinzvimbo ikozvino vanogashira hutachiona hweatism.

Asi vanhu vazhinji vakaonekwa vaine Asperger zvisati zvagadziriswa nzira dzekuongorora muna 2013 vachiri kunzi "vane Asperger's."

Uye vanhu vazhinji vanotorawo Asperger sechikamu chekuzivikanwa kwavo. Izvi zviri kunyanya kufunga nezvechitarisiko icho chakakomberedza kuongororwa kwe autism munharaunda zhinji pasi rese.

Asi iyo chete "musiyano" chaiwo pakati pezviratidzo zviviri izvi ndeyekuti vanhu vane Asperger vanogona kutaridzika sevane nguva iri nyore "yekupfuura" seyurotypical ine chete "zvinyoro" zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kufanana neizvo zveatism.

Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinosiyana here kuAsperger uye autism?

Kana icho chakamboonekwa seAsperger's kana autism chirwere chekurapa chinoda "kurapwa."

Avo vanoonekwa kuti vane autism vanoonekwa se "neurodivergent." Autistic maitiro haatariswe seizvo zvemagariro zvakajairika. Asi hazvireve kuti autism inoratidza kuti pane chakaipa pauri.

Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti iwe kana mumwe munhu muhupenyu hwako akaonekwa aine autism ziva kuti anodiwa, anogamuchirwa, uye anotsigirwa nevanhu vakavakomberedza.

Haasi munhu wese munharaunda yeatism anobvuma kuti vanhu vane autistic havadi kurapwa.

Pane gakava riri kuenderera mberi pakati pevaya vanoona hutachiona sehurema hunoda kurapwa (iyo "modhi yekurapa") nevaya vanoona autism "kurapwa" nenzira yekuchengetedza kodzero dzekuremara, senge mabasa akanaka emabasa uye kufukidzwa kwehutano.

Heano mamwe kana iwe uchitenda iwe kana munhu waunoda achida kurapwa kwehunhu hunowanzoonekwa sechikamu chekuongororwa kwaAsperger:

• kurapwa kwepfungwa, kwakadai sekuziva maitiro ekurapa (CBT)
• mishonga yekushushikana kana obsessive kusagadzikana kusagadzikana (OCD)
• kutaura kana kurapa mutauro
• kuchinjwa kwekudya kana kuwedzera
• nzira dzekuwedzera dzekurapa, senge kurapa kweshaji

Tora woenda nazvo

Chinhu chakakosha apa ndechekuti yaAsperger haisisiri izwi rinoshanda. Zviratidzo zvakamboshandiswa kuiongorora ndezvechokwadi zvakanyanya mukuongororwa kweASD.

Uye kuongororwa kwe autism hazvireve kuti iwe kana mudiwa ane "mamiriro" anoda "kurapwa." Chii chakanyanya kukosha ndechekuti iwe ude uye uzvigamuchire iwe kana chero munhu ane autistic iwe waunoziva.

Kudzidza ma nuances eASD kunogona kukubatsira kuti utange kunzwisisa kuti zvinoitika zveASD zvinoitika kune mumwe nemumwe. Hapana izwi rimwe chete rinokwana zvese.