Gomarara repazamu Kurapa Sarudzo nedanho

Zvemukati

• Chikamu 0 (DCIS)
• Kuvhiya
• Radiation kurapa
• Hormone kurapwa kana yakanangwa kurapwa
• Chikamu 1
• Kuvhiya
• Radiation kurapa
• Chemotherapy uye yakanangwa kurapwa
• Hormone kurapa
• Chikamu 2
• Kuvhiya
• Radiation kurapa
• Chemotherapy
• Hormone kurapwa
• Chikamu 3
• Kurapa
• Chikamu 4
• Kurapa
• Immunotherapy sekurapa kuri kubuda
• Kutarisira kurwadziwa
• Zviitiko zvinokanganisa kurapwa kwekenza yemazamu
• Zera
• Kubata
• Bundu kukura
• Genetic mutation chinzvimbo uye nhoroondo yemhuri
• Outlook

Mhedziso

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa kenza yemazamu dziripo, uye kurapwa kunowanikwa pamatanho ese egomarara. Vanhu vazhinji vanoda mubatanidzwa wemaviri kana anopfuura marapirwo.

Mushure mekuongororwa, chiremba wako achaona danho rekenza yako. Vanozosarudza nezvesarudzo dzakanakisa dzekurapa zvichienderana nedanho rako uye zvimwe zvinhu, senge zera, nhoroondo yemhuri, chinzvimbo chekuchinja, uye nhoroondo yezvekurapa.

Kurapa kwekenza yepazamu yekutanga kunogona kunge kusingakwanise kune epamberi kenza yemazamu. Matanho ekenza yemazamu anotangira pa0 kusvika pa4. Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinosarudza danho rako, kusanganisira:

• kukura kwebundu
• huwandu hwema lymph node akakanganiswa
• kuti kenza yapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri wako here

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa bvunzo dzakasiyana kuita gomarara repazamu. Kufungidzira bvunzo kunosanganisira CT scan, MRI, ultrasound, X-ray, uye PET scan.

Izvi zvinogona kubatsira chiremba kudzikisira nzvimbo yekenza, kuverenga kukura kwemarara, uye kuona kana gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana bvunzo yekufungidzira ichiratidza kuwanda mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, chiremba wako anogona kuita biopsy kuti aone kana hure hwakaipa kana hunotyisa. Kuongorora kwepanyama uye kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kubatsirawo pakuona.

Chikamu 0 (DCIS)

Kana maseru anonamira kana gomarara akaganhurirwa munzira dzemukaka, inonzi kenza yemazamu isingasviki kana ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Stage 0 gomarara repazamu rinogona kuva risingapindiri uye richipararira kupfuura madhiri. Kurapa kwekutanga kunogona kukumisa kubva mukukudziridza kenza yemazamu inopinda.

Kuvhiya

Mune lumpectomy, chiremba anovhiya anobvisa maseru ane cancer uye anoregedza zamu rese. Iyo inoshanda sarudzo kana DCIS yakavharirwa kune imwe nzvimbo yezamu.

Lumpectomy inogona kuitwa seyekunze nzira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kuenda kumba nguva pfupi yapfuura kuvhiyiwa uye haudi kugara muchipatara husiku.

Mastectomy ndiko kuvhiya zamu. Inokurudzirwa apo DCIS inowanikwa muzamu rose. Kuvhiya kwekumisazve zamu kunogona kutanga panguva yemastectomy kana pane inotevera zuva.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa. Inowanzo kukurudzirwa mushure mekuputika kwechikamu chegomarara remuzamu 0. Yepamusoro-simba X-rays inoshandiswa kuparadza cancer maseru uye kudzivirira iwo kubva pakupararira.

Iyi kurapwa inogona kudzikisa njodzi yekudzokazve. Radiation Therapy inowanzo kupihwa mazuva mashanu pasvondo pamusoro pemavhiki mashanu kusvika manomwe.

Hormone kurapwa kana yakanangwa kurapwa

Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kurapwa kwehormone kana iwe uine lumpectomy kana imwechete mastectomy yeestrogen receptor-yakanaka kana progesterone receptor-inovhenekera kenza yemazamu.

Oral mahormone ekurapa, senge tamoxifen, anowanzo gadzirirwa kudzikisa njodzi yako yekuva nekenza yemazamu inopinda. Hormone kurapwa kunogona kusatemwa kune vakadzi vakamboita kaviri mastectomy yeiyo nhanho 0 kenza yemazamu.

Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kukurudzira trastuzumab (Herceptin), kurapwa kwakanangwa, kana kenza yako yemazamu yakayedza yakanaka kune akawandisa HER2 mapuroteni.

Chikamu 1

Chikamu 1A kenza yemazamu inoreva kuti bundu rekutanga masentimita maviri kana zvishoma uye axillary lymph node haina kukanganiswa. Muchikamu che1B, gomarara rinowanikwa mune lymph nodes uye hapana bundu muzamu kana bundu iri diki pane 2 masentimita.

Ose 1A uye 1B anoonekwa seanotangisa epasuru anokonzera cancer. Kuvhiya uye imwe kana dzimwe nzira dzokurapa dzinogona kukurudzirwa.

Kuvhiya

Lumpectomy uye mastectomy zvese zviri zviviri sarudzo yeiyo nhanho 1 kenza yemazamu. Sarudzo yacho yakavakirwa pa:

• ukuru nenzvimbo yebundu rekutanga
• zvaunofarira
• zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekuberekwa

Biopsy yema lymph node ingangoitwa panguva imwe chete.

Nezve mastectomy, kuvakwazve kwezamu kunogona kutanga panguva imwechete kana kuchidikanwa, kana mushure mekuwedzera kurapwa kwapera.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation Therapy inowanzo kurudzirwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwechikamu chekutanga kenza yemazamu. Zvinogona kunge zvisina kudikanwa kune vakadzi vane makore anodarika makumi manomwe, kunyanya kana kurapa kwehomoni kuchikwanisika.

Chemotherapy uye yakanangwa kurapwa

Gomarara repazamu iro rakaipa kune estrogen, progesterone, uye HER2 inonzi katatu kenza yemazamu (TNBC). Chemotherapy inowanzo gara ichidikanwa kune idzi kesi nekuti hapana chakanangwa kurapwa kweTNBC.

Chemotherapy inopihwawo kenza yemazamu-yakanaka. Herceptin, chirwere chakanangwa, chinopihwa pamwe nekemotherapy yeHER2-yakanaka kenza yemazamu. Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kukurudzira mamwe marapirwo akanangwa neHER2, akadai sePerjeta kana Nerlynx.

Zvisinei, chemotherapy haigare ichidikanwa kune yekutanga danho gomarara repazamu, kunyanya kana ichikwanisa kurapwa nehomoni yekurapa.

Hormone kurapa

Vanachiremba vanogona kukurudzira mahormone ekurapa kwehomoni yekenza yemazamu yekenza yemazamu, zvisinei nesaizi kukura.

Chikamu 2

Muchikamu chechipiri A, bundu iri diki pane 2 masendimita uye rapararira kusvika pakati peye nhatu node node. Kana, iri pakati pe 2 uye 5 masentimita uye haina kupararira kune lymph node.

Chikamu 2B zvinoreva kuti bundu riri pakati pemasendimita maviri kusvika mashanu uye rakapararira kusvika pakati peye nhatu node node. Kana iri yakakura kupfuura masendimita mashanu uye haina kupararira kune chero lymph node.

Iwe ungangoda musanganiswa wekuvhiyiwa, chemotherapy, uye chimwe kana zvimwe zvezvinotevera: yakanangwa kurapwa, radiation, uye hormone kurapwa.

Kuvhiya

Lumpectomy uye mastectomy zvinogona zvese kuve sarudzo zvichienderana nehukuru uye nzvimbo yebundu.

A modified radical mastectomy ndiko kubviswa kwezamu, kusanganisira mhasuru dzechipfuva. Kana ukasarudza kuvakazve, maitiro acho anogona kutanga panguva imwe chete kana mushure mekurapwa kwekenza kwapera.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation Therapy inovavarira chero akasara emukenza maseru mubhokisi uye lymph node. Inowanzokurudzirwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy inzira yekurapa kuuraya maseru emukenza mumuviri wese. Iyi mishonga ine simba inoendeswa mukati (mukati mutsinga) mukati memavhiki mazhinji kana mwedzi.

Kune dzakasiyana siyana chemotherapy mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa kenza yemazamu, inosanganisira:

• docetaxel (Mutero)
• doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
• cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

Iwe unogona kugamuchira mubatanidzwa wemakemikari akawanda emakemikari. Chemotherapy inonyanya kukosha kune TNBC. Herceptin inopihwa pamwe chete nekemotherapy yeHER2-yakanaka kenza yemazamu.

Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kukurudzira mamwe marapirwo akanangwa neHER2, akadai sePerjeta kana Nerlynx.

Hormone kurapwa

Mushure mekunge mamwe marapirwo apera, unogona kubatsirwa nekuenderera mberi kurapwa kwehomoni-yakanaka kenza yemazamu.

Mishonga yemumuromo yakadai tamoxifen kana aromatase inhibitors inogona kupihwa makore mashanu kana anopfuura.

Chikamu 3

Chikamu 3A kenza yemazamu inoreva kuti gomarara rapararira kusvika kumana kusvika pfumbamwe axillary (armpit) lymph node kana kuti yakawedzera mammary mammary node. Bundu rekutanga rinogona kunge riine saizi.

Izvo zvinogona zvakare kureva kuti bundu rakakura kupfuura masendimita mashanu uye mapoka madiki emakenza maseru anowanikwa mune ma lymph node. Chekupedzisira, nhanho 3A inogona zvakare kusanganisira mamota akakura kupfuura masendimita mashanu nekubatanidzwa kweimwe kusvika kumatatu axillary lymph node kana chero epamuviri wemazamu.

Chikamu 3B zvinoreva kuti bundu remuzamu rakapinda pamadziro echifuva kana ganda uye rinogona kana kuti harina kunge rakapinda kusvika kune mapfumbamwe lymph node.

Chikamu 3C zvinoreva kuti kenza inowanikwa mune gumi kana kupfuura maeksillary lymph node, lymph node padyo necollarbone, kana zvemukati mammary node.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere chekenza yemazamu (IBC) zvakasiyana nemamwe marudzi ekenza yemazamu. Kuongororwa kunogona kunonoka nekuti kazhinji hapana bundu remuzamu. Nekutsanangurwa, IBC inoonekwa padanho re3B kana pamusoro.

Kurapa

Kurapa kwepanhanho 3 yekenza yemazamu yakafanana neiya yeiyo yechipiri.

Chikamu 4

Chikamu chechina chinoratidza kuti gomarara repazamu rakasimbiswa (rakapararira kuchikamu chiri kure chemuviri).

Gomarara repazamu rinowanzopararira kumapapu, huropi, chiropa, kana mapfupa. Metastatic kenza yemazamu haigone kurapwa, asi inogona kurapwa neine hukasha systemic therapy.

Nekuti kenza inosanganisira zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri, ungangoda marapirwo akawanda kumisa bundu kukura uye kurerutsa zviratidzo.

Kurapa

Zvichienderana nekuti kenza yemazamu yako yafambira mberi zvakadii, uchave uine chemotherapy, radiation radiation, uye hormone therapy (kana iwe uine cancer receptor-positive cancer).

Imwe sarudzo ndeye yakanangwa kurapwa, iyo inovavarira iyo protein inobvumidza cancer maseru kukura. Kune HER2-yakanaka kenza, HER2-yakanangwa marapirwo anogona kusanganisira Herceptin, Perjeta, Nerlynx, Tykerb, kana Kadcyla.

Kana kenza ikapararira kune iyo lymph node, iwe unogona kuona kuzvimba kana kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzako. Kuvhiya, chemotherapy, uye radiation zvinogona kushandiswa kurapa kenza inopararira kune lymph node.

Iyo nhamba uye nzvimbo yemamota zvinosarudzira sarudzo dzako dzekuvhiya.

Kuvhiya haisiyo yekutanga mutsara wekudzivirira nekenza yemazamu yakakwira, asi chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa kuti ubate musana wechipfupa, mapfupa akavhunika, uye mashoma masasa anokonzerwa nemastastasis. Izvi zvinobatsira kubvisa marwadzo uye zvimwe zviratidzo.

Mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa epamberi kenza yemazamu inosanganisira:

• mishonga inodzvinyirira
• anticonvulsants
• steroids
• omunharaunda yokutindivadza

Immunotherapy sekurapa kuri kubuda

Immunotherapy ingangoita nyowani yekurapa sarudzo, uye nepo isati yave FDA yakatenderwa kenza yemazamu parizvino, inzvimbo inovimbisa.

Kune akati wandei ekumberi uye ekuchipatara zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti zvinogona kuvandudza kiriniki mhedzisiro kune vanhu vane cancer yemazamu.

Immunotherapy ine mashoma mhedzisiro pane chemotherapy uye isinganyanyo kukonzera kusagadzikana. Immunotherapy inoshanda nekusimudza muviri wezvisikwa zvekuzvidzivirira kurwisa gomarara.

Pembrolizumab ndeye immune checkpoint inhibitor. Iyo mhando yemununotherapy yakaratidza chaiko vimbiso mukurapa kenza yemazamu yemastastatic.

Inoshanda nekuvharira ma antibodies chaiwo anoita kuti zviomere masoja emuviri kurwisa gomarara, achibvumira muviri kurwisa zvine mutsindo. Imwe ongororo yakawana kuti 37.5 muzana yevarwere vane katatu-isina kenza yemazamu vakaona kubatsirwa kubva pakurapa.

Nekuti immunotherapy haisati yatenderwa FDA, kurapwa kunonyanya kuwanikwa kuburikidza nemakiriniki ekuedzwa panguva ino.

Kutarisira kurwadziwa

Gomarara repazamu rinopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri rinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa, sekurwadziwa kwepfupa, kurwadziwa kwemhasuru, kutemwa nemusoro, uye kusagadzikana kutenderera chiropa. Taura nachiremba wako nezvekurapa kurwadziwa.

Sarudzo dzekurwadziwa nyoro kusvika pakuenzanisa dzinosanganisira acetaminophen uye NSAIDs, senge ibuprofen.

Nekurwadziwa kwakanyanya mune inotevera nhanho, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira opioid senge morphine, oxycodone, hydromorphone, kana fentanyl.

Zviitiko zvinokanganisa kurapwa kwekenza yemazamu

Nepo gomarara repazamu riine zvakawanda zvekuita nesarudzo dzekurapa, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro ako ekurapa futi.

Zera

Kufungidzira kwekenza yemazamu kunowanzo kuve kwakanyanya kune vakadzi vadiki pane makumi mana nekuti kenza yemazamu inowanzo kuve nehasha kune vakadzi vadiki.

Kuenzanisa chimiro chemuviri nekunzwisisika kwenjodzi kudzikisira kunogona kutora chinhanho muchisarudzo pakati pe lumpectomy uye mastectomy.

Kunze kwekuvhiyiwa, chemotherapy, uye radiation, makore akati wandei ehomoni kurapa kwehomoni-inovhenekera kenza yemazamu inowanzo kukurudzirwa kune vakadzi vadiki. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kudzokazve kana kupararira kwekenza yemazamu.

Kune vakadzi ve premenopausal, kudzvinyirira ovari kunogona kukurudzirwa mukuwedzera kune kurapa kwehomoni.

Kubata

Kuva nepamuviri kunokanganisa kurapwa kwekenza yemazamu. Kuvhiyiwa kwekenza yemuzamu kunowanzo chengetedzeka kuvakadzi vane nhumbu, asi vanachiremba vanogona kuodza moyo chemotherapy kusvika yechipiri kana yechitatu trimester.

Hormone therapy uye radiation radiation inogona kukuvadza mwana asati aberekwa uye haina kukurudzirwa panguva yekuzvitakura.

Bundu kukura

Kurapa kunoenderanawo nekuti gomarara rinokura nekupararira nekukurumidza zvakadii.

Kana iwe uine fomu ine hukasha yekenza yemazamu, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira nzira ine hukasha, senge kuvhiyiwa uye kusanganiswa kwemamwe marapirwo.

Genetic mutation chinzvimbo uye nhoroondo yemhuri

Kurapa kwekenza yemazamu kunogona kuvimba nekuva nehama yepedyo ine nhoroondo yekenza yemazamu kana kuyedzwa kwakanaka kune geni iro rinowedzera njodzi yekuva nekenza yemazamu.

Vakadzi vane izvi zvinhu vanogona kusarudza nzira yekudzivirira yekuvhiya, senge bilanical mastectomy.

Outlook

Kufungidzira kwekenza yemazamu kunoenderana, muchikamu chikuru, padanho panguva yekuongororwa. Pakutanga iwe kuongororwa, zviri nani mhedzisiro.

Ichi ndicho chikonzero zvakakosha kuita mwedzi wega kuzviongorora mazamu uye kuronga mammograms enguva dzose. Taura nachiremba wako nezve iyo nguva yekuongorora yakakodzera iwe. Dzidza nezve kuongorora zvirongwa uye zvimwe mune ino yakazara gwara kune kenza yemazamu.

Kune marapirwo akajairwa emhando dzakasiyana uye nhanho dzekenza yemazamu, asi kurapwa kwako kunoenderana nezvido zvako.

Kuwedzera padanho rekuongororwa, vanachiremba vako vachatarisa mhando yekenza yemazamu yauinayo uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvehutano. Chirongwa chako chekurapa chinogadziriswa zvinoenderana nemabatiro aunozviita iwe.

Kliniki miedzo ndeyekutsvagisa zvidzidzo zvinoshandisa vanhu kuyedza mishonga mitsva. Kana iwe uchifarira, bvunza wako oncologist kuti uwane ruzivo nezve iripo miedzo.

Iwe unogona zvakare kutarisa mune ekuwedzera ekurapa pane chero nhanho yekenza yemazamu. Aya ndiwo marapirwo anoshandiswa pamwe chete neyakajairwa marapirwo. Vakadzi vazhinji vanobatsirwa nemarapirwo senge kukwiza muviri, kugadzirira, uye yoga.

Tsvaga rutsigiro kubva kune vamwe vari kurarama negomarara repazamu. Dhawunorodha Healthline's yemahara app pano.