Unogona Kudzvinyirira Pane Anodzvinyirira?

Zvemukati

• Ndezvipi zvakajairwa zvakatemwa uye zvinouraya doses?
• TCAs
• SSRIs
• SNRIs
• MAOIs
• Kudzivirira kuzviuraya
  
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekuwedzeredza?
• Zviratidzo zvinyoro
• Zviratidzo zvakakomba
• Serotonin chirwere
• Kazhinji antidepressant mhedzisiro
• Chii chaunofanira kuita kana uchifungidzira kudarika
• Kuwedzeredza kunoitwa sei?
• Chinokosha

Kuwedzeredza kunogoneka here?

Hongu, zvinokwanisika kunyanyisa pamhando ipi neipi yekudzvinyirira, kunyanya kana ikatorwa nemimwe mishonga kana mishonga.

Mishonga yekudzvinyirira mishonga yemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zviratidzo zvekushungurudzika, kurwadziwa kusingaperi, uye zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa. Ivo vanonzi vanoshanda nekuwedzera iwo mazinga emamwe makemikari - serotonin uye dopamine - muuropi.

Kune akati wandei marudzi eanodzvinyirira anowanikwa, anosanganisira:

• tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), senge amitriptyline uye imipramine (Tofranil)
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), Kunge isocarboxazid (Marplan) uye phenelzine (Nardil)
• inosarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs), inosanganisira fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), uye escitalopram (Lexapro)
• serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRIs), senge duloxetine (Cymbalta) uye venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
• atypical antidepressants, kusanganisira bupropion (Wellbutrin) uye vortioxetine (Trintellix)

TCA kudarika kwakaratidzwa kuva nemigumisiro yakaipisisa kupfuura MAOI, SSRI, kana SNRI kudarika.

Ndezvipi zvakajairwa zvakatemwa uye zvinouraya doses?

Muyero unouraya weanodzvinyirira kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira:

• mhando yeanodzvinyirira
• mashandisiro anoita muviri wako mushonga
• uremu hwako
• zera rako
• kana iwe uine chero mamiriro ezvinhu aripo, kunge moyo, itsvo, kana chiropa mamiriro
• kana iwe wakatora iyo inodzvinyirira nedoro kana zvimwe zvinodhaka (kusanganisira mamwe maanodzvinyirira)

TCAs

Kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi eanodzvinyirira, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) inoguma nenhamba yepamusoro yevanouraya kudarika.

Iyo yakajairwa zuva nezuva dhizaini yeCAA amitriptyline iri pakati pe40 ne100 milligrams (mg). Iyo chaiyo dhizaini yemipramine iri pakati pe75 uye 150 mg pazuva. Zvinoenderana neimwe ongororo ya2007 yeUS chepfu nzvimbo data, zviratidzo zvinotyisidzira hupenyu zvinowanzoonekwa nemadhizaini anodarika chiuru chegamu. Mune imwe kiriniki yekuyedzwa, iyo yakaderera yekuuraya muyero we imipramine yaingova 200 mg.

Vatsvakurudzi vakakurudzira kurapwa kwechimbichimbi kune chero munhu akatora mushonga we desipramine, nortriptyline, kana trimipramine inopfuura 2.5 mg pakirogiramu (kg) yehuremu. Kune munhu anorema 70 kg (anenge 154 mapaundi), izvi zvinoshandura kusvika panosvika 175 mg. Kune mamwe ese maCAA, kurapwa kwekukurumidzira kunokurudzirwa madhizaini anodarika mashanu mg / kg. Kune munhu anorema 70 kg, izvi zvinoshandura kusvika pamakumi matatu nemazana matatu emamiriyoni.

SSRIs

Inosarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ndiyo inowanzo nyorwa mishonga yekudzvinyirira nekuti inowanzo kuve nemhedzisiro. Kana ikatorwa iri yoga, kudarika SSRI hakuwanzo kuuraya.

Iyo yakajairwa muyero weiyo SSRI fluoxetine (Prozac) iri pakati pe20 uye 80 mg pazuva. Dozi yakaderera se520 mg ye fluoxetine yanga ichibatanidzwa nemhedzisiro inouraya, asi pane mumwe munhu anotora magiramu masere e fluoxetine uye achipora.

Ngozi yekutyisa uye kufa yakanyanya kukwirisa kana huwandu hwakawanda hweSSRI hwatorwa nedoro kana zvimwe zvinodhaka.

SNRIs

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) inoonekwa seisina chepfu kupfuura TCAs, asi ine chepfu kupfuura SSRIs.

Iyo chaiyo dhizaini yeSNRI venlafaxine iri pakati pe75 uye 225 mg pazuva, inotorwa muzvikamu zviviri kana zvitatu zvakapatsanurwa. Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yakaonekwa pamadosi akadzika se2,000 mg (2 g).

Zvakangodaro, ruzhinji rweSNRI overdoses haina kuuraya, kunyangwe pamadosi epamusoro. Mazhinji makesi ekuwedzeredza anouraya anosanganisira zvinopfuura imwechete zvinodhaka.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) inguva yechinyakare yekiriniki yekudzvinyirira uye haishandisike sezvakawanda zvekare. Zviitiko zvakawanda zveMAOI chepfu zvinoitika kana madosi makuru achitorwa pamwe nedoro kana zvimwe zvinodhaka.

Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvekuwedzeredza zvinogona kuitika kana iwe ukatora zvinopfuura zvemuviri wako uremu. Rufu kubva pakuwedzeredza MAOI, asi izvi zvingangodaro nekuti hazvinyorwe zvakanyanya nekuda kwekudyidzana kwavo kwakawanda.

Kudzivirira kuzviuraya

1. Kana iwe uchifunga kuti mumwe munhu ari pangozi yekuzvikuvadza kana kukuvadza mumwe munhu:
2. • Fonera 911 kana yako yemuno emergency emergency.
3. • Gara nemunhu kusvikira rubatsiro rwasvika.
4. • Bvisa pfuti, mapanga, mishonga, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza.
5. • Teerera, asi usatonga, kukakavara, kutyisidzira, kana kupopota.
6. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva achifunga kuzviuraya, tsvaga rubatsiro kubva padambudziko kana nhare yekudzivirira kuzviuraya. Edza iyo National Suicide Kudzivirira Lifeline pa800-273-8255.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekuwedzeredza?

Kuwedzeredza antidipressants kunogona kukonzera zvinyoro kune zvakakomba zviratidzo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, rufu runogona kuitika.

Zviratidzo zvako pachako zvinoenderana ne:

• yakawanda sei mishonga yawakatora
• unonzwisisa sei mushonga
• kunyangwe iwe wakatora mushonga pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga

Zviratidzo zvinyoro

Mumamiriro akapfava, unogona kusangana:

• vakawedzeredzwa vadzidzi
• kuvhiringidzika
• musoro
• kutsimwaira
• muromo wakaoma
• kupindwa nechando
• kusaona zvakanaka
• BP
• kusvotwa uye kurutsa

Zviratidzo zvakakomba

Muzviitiko zvakakomba, unogona kusangana:

• kuona zvisipo
• zvisina kujairika kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo (tachycardia)
• pfari
• kudengenyeka
• kuderera kweropa (hypotension)
• coma
• kusungwa kwemoyo
• mweya wekufema
• rufu

Serotonin chirwere

Vanhu vanodzvinyirira pamishonga yekudzvinyirira vanogona zvakare kuona serotonin syndrome. Serotonin chirwere chakakomba chisina kunaka chinodhaka chinowanikwa kana serotonin yakawandisa ichivaka mumuviri wako.

Serotonin syndrome inogona kukonzera:

• kusvotwa
• kurutsa
• manyoka
• kurwadziwa nemudumbu
• kuvhiringidzika
• kushushikana
• zvisina kujairika moyo kurova (arrhythmia)
• shanduko mukumanikidza kweropa
• kugwinha
• coma
• rufu

Kazhinji antidepressant mhedzisiro

Sezvo nemishonga yakawanda, antidepressants inogona kukonzeresa mhedzisiro mhedzisiro kunyangwe pane yakaderera dosi. Mhedzisiro inowanzoitika inosanganisira:

• musoro
• huta
• manyoka
• kurasikirwa nenzara
• kunetseka kurara
• muromo wakaoma
• kuvimbiswa
• kurema kuwedzera
• dzungu
• yakaderera bonde drive

Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inogona kunge isinganzwisisike pakutanga, asi ivo kazhinji vanovandudza pamwe nenguva. Kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchizodaira

Asi iwe unofanirwa kuudza chiremba wako nezve chero mhedzisiro iwe yauri kusangana nayo. Zvichienderana nechiratidzo chako chakasimba, chiremba wako angangoda kudzikisa dosi yako kana kukuchinjira kumushonga wakasiyana.

Chii chaunofanira kuita kana uchifungidzira kudarika

Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti kudarika kwakaitika, tsvaga kurapwa kwekukurumidzira ipapo ipapo. Iwe haufanire kumirira kusvikira zviratidzo zvako zvanyanya. Dzimwe mhando dzeanodzvinyirira, kunyanya MAOIs, anogona kusakonzeresa zvakakomba zviratidzo kusvika maawa makumi maviri nemana mushure mekuwedzeredza.

MuUnited States, unogona kubata National Capital Poison Center pa1-800-222-1222 uye mirira mimwe mirayiridzo.

Kana zviratidzo zvikave zvakakomba, fonera veko vemo emergency services. Edza kuramba wakadzikama uye chengetedza muviri wako kutonhorera paunenge wakamirira vashandi ve emergency kuti vasvike.

Kuwedzeredza kunoitwa sei?

Panyaya yekuwedzeredza, vashandi ve emergency vanokuendesa kuchipatara kana mukamuri rekukurumidzira.

Unogona kupihwa marasha akagadziriswa uchiri munzira. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kutora mushonga uye kurerutsa zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvako.

Paunosvika kuchipatara kana mukamuri rekukurumidzira, chiremba wako anogona kupomba dumbu rako kuti abvise chero mishonga yasara. Kana iwe uchinetsekana kana kusagadzikana, vanogona kushandisa benzodiazepines kukunyaradza.

Kana iwe uchiratidza zviratidzo zve serotonin syndrome, vanogona zvakare kupa mishonga yekudzivirira serotonin. Intravenous (IV) zvinwiwa zvinogona zvakare kudikanwa kuzadza zvakakosha zvinovaka muviri uye kudzivirira kupera mvura mumuviri.

Kamwe kana zviratidzo zvako zvadzikira, ungangodikanwa kuti ugare muchipatara kuti uone.

Chinokosha

Kana imwe mishonga yakawandisa yabuda muhurongwa hwako, ungangoita kupora kuzere.

Zvinodzvinyirira zvinofanirwa kungotorwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwechiremba. Iwe haufanire kumbotora zvinopfuura yako zvakatemwa dosi, uye iwe haufanire kugadzirisa ichi chipenga pasina kubvumidzwa nachiremba wako.

Kushandisa mishonga yekudzvinyirira pasina mushonga kana kuisanganisa nemimwe mishonga kunogona kuva nenjodzi huru. Iwe haungambove nechokwadi chekuti ingabatana sei neako wega kemisitiri yemuviri kana chero imwe mishonga kana zvinodhaka zvauri kutora.

Kana iwe ukasarudza kushandisa zvinodhaka zvinodzvinyirira zvekuvaraidza kana kuzvisanganisa nezvimwe zvinhu zvekuvaraidza, chengetedza chiremba wako. Vanogona kukubatsira kuti unzwisise njodzi yako wega yekudyidzana uye kuwandisa, pamwe nekutarisa chero shanduko kuhutano hwako hwese.