Izvo Zvaunoda Kuziva Nezve Catatonia

Zvemukati

• Ndeapi marudzi akasiyana ecatatonia?
• Chii chinokonzera catatonia?
• Mishonga
• Organic zvinokonzera
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa catatonia?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekatatonia?
• Catatonia inofadza
• Yakashata catatonia
• Kufanana nemamwe mamiriro
• Catatonia inoonekwa sei?
• Catatonia inobatwa sei?
• Mishonga
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
• Ndeapi maonero e catatonia?
• Catatonia inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Chii chinonzi catatonia?

Catatonia chirwere chepfungwa, zvinoreva kuti chinosanganisira kubatana pakati pekushanda kwepfungwa uye kufamba. Catatonia inokanganisa kugona kwemunhu kufamba nenzira yakajairika.

Vanhu vane catatonia vanogona kuona akasiyana zviratidzo. Chiratidzo chakajairika kupusa, izvo zvinoreva kuti munhu wacho haakwanise kufamba, kutaura, kana kupindura kune zvinokurudzira. Nekudaro, vamwe vanhu vane catatonia vanogona kuratidza kufamba kwakanyanya uye hunhu hunogumbuka.

Catatonia inogona kugara chero kubva maawa mashoma kusvika mavhiki, mwedzi, kana makore. Inogona kudzokororazve kwemavhiki kusvika makore mushure mechiitiko chekutanga.

Kana catatonia chiratidzo chechikonzero chinozivikanwa, inonzi extrinsic. Kana pasina chikonzero chinogona kutsanangurwa, chinotorwa sechinhu chemukati.

Ndeapi marudzi akasiyana ecatatonia?

Iyo yazvino vhezheni yeDiagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Dambudziko (DSM-5) haicharongedzere catatonia mumhando. Nekudaro, vazhinji vashandi vehutano hwepfungwa vanogona vachiri kuisa catatonia mumhando nhatu: dzakadzoserwa, dzinofara, uye dzakaipa.

Yakadzoserwa catatonia ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa fomu yekatatoniya. Inokonzera kufamba kunonoka. Munhu ane catatonia yakaremara anogona kutarira muchadenga uye kazhinji haataure. Izvi zvinozivikanwa zvakare seakinetic catatonia.

Vanhu vane catatonia inofara vanoita se "vanomhanyisa," vasina kugadzikana, uye vanetswa. Dzimwe nguva vanoita maitiro ekuzvikuvadza. Iyi fomu inozivikanwawo se hyperkinetic catatonia.

Vanhu vane yakaipa catatonia vanogona kusangana nedhiri. Vanowanzove nefivha. Vanogona zvakare kuve nekukurumidza kurova kwemoyo uye neBP.

Chii chinokonzera catatonia?

Zvinoenderana neDSM-5, akati wandei mamiriro anogona kukonzera catatonia. Zvinosanganisira:

• neurodevelopmental kusagadzikana (kusagadzikana kunokanganisa kukura kweiyo system)
• kusagadzikana kwepfungwa
• bipolar kusagadzikana
• kushungurudzika kwepfungwa
• mamwe marapirwo, akadai secebral folate kushomeka, zvisingawanzo autoimmune kusagadzikana, uye zvisingawanzo paraneoplastic kusagadzikana (zvinoenderana nekenza tumota)

Mishonga

Catatonia isingawanzo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere chepfungwa. Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti mushonga uri kukonzera catatonia, tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinoonekwa sekukurumidzira kwekurapa.

Kurega kubva kumimwe mishonga, yakadai seclozapine (Clozaril), kunogona kukonzera catatonia.

Organic zvinokonzera

Kufungidzira zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti vamwe vanhu vane chisingaperi catatonia vanogona kunge vaine huropi husina kujairika.

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti kuve neyakawandisa kana kushayikwa kwemaurotransmitter kunokonzera catatonia. Neurotransmitters makemikari ehuropi anotakura mameseji kubva kune imwe neuron kuenda kune inotevera.

Imwe dzidziso ndeyekuti kuderedzwa kamwe kamwe mu dopamine, iyo neurotransmitter, inokonzera catatonia. Imwe dzidziso ndeyekuti kudzikiswa kwegamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), imwezve neurotransmitter, inotungamira kune iyo mamiriro.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa catatonia?

Vakadzi vane njodzi huru yekukura kwecatatonia. Ngozi inowedzera nezera.

Kunyangwe catatonia yakagara ichibatanidzwa neschizophrenia, varapi vepfungwa vava kuisa catatonia sechirwere chayo, icho chinoitika mune mamwe matambudziko.

Anofungidzirwa gumi muzana eanorwara zvakanyanya vepfungwa vanorwara vanoona catatonia. Makumi maviri muzana eatatatiki vanorwara vane schizophrenia diagnoses, nepo makumi mashanu muzana vane chirwere chepfungwa.

Vakadzi vane postpartum kushushikana (PPD) vanogona kusangana nekatatonia.

Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa ndezvekushandisa kwecocaine, kunwa kwakadzika kwemunyu muropa, uye kushandiswa kwemishonga yakadai ciprofloxacin (Cipro).

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekatatonia?

Catatonia ine zviratidzo zvakawanda, zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

• kushaya njere, uko munhu asingagone kufamba, asingagoni kutaura, uye anoita kunge akatarisa muchadenga
• kumisikidza kana "waxy kusanduka," uko munhu anogara munzvimbo imwechete kwenguva yakareba
• kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri uye kushaya mvura mumuviri kubva mukushaya kudya kana kunwa
• echolalia, uko munhu anopindura hurukuro nekungodzokorora izvo zvavakanzwa

Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa zviratidzo muvanhu vane catatonia yakaremara.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekatatonia zvinosanganisira:

• catalepsy, inova mhando yemhasuru kuomarara
• negativism, iko kushomeka kwemhinduro kana kupokana nekusimudzira kwekunze
• echopraxia, kunova kutevedzera mafambiro emumwe munhu
• mutism
• grimacing

Catatonia inofadza

Zviratidzo zvakanangana nekatatonia inofadza inosanganisira kuwanda, kufamba kusingajairiki. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• kusagadzikana
• kusagadzikana
• mafambiro asina chinangwa

Yakashata catatonia

Yakashata catatonia inokonzeresa zvakanyanya zviratidzo. Zvinosanganisira:

• delirium
• kupindwa nechando
• kuomarara
• vangadikitira

Zviratidzo zvakakosha sekumanikidza kweropa, mweya wekufema, uye kurova kwemoyo zvinogona kuchinja. Zviratidzo izvi zvinoda kurapwa nekukasika.

Kufanana nemamwe mamiriro

Catatonia zviratidzo zvinoratidzira izvo zveimwe mamiriro, kusanganisira:

• chakakomba psychosis
• encephalitis, kana kuzvimba muuropi nyama
• neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), isingawanzo uye yakakomba maitiro kune antipsychotic mishonga
• nonconvulsive chinzvimbo epilepticus, mhando yekubatwa kwakanyanya

Vanachiremba vanofanirwa kutonga aya mamiriro vasati vaona chirwere chekatatonia. Munhu anofanirwa kuratidza angangoita maviri makuru catatonia zviratidzo zvemaawa makumi maviri nemana chiremba asati aongorora catatonia.

Catatonia inoonekwa sei?

Hapana bvunzo chaiyo ye catatonia iripo. Kuti uongorore catatonia, bvunzo yemuviri uye kuyedzwa kunofanirwa kutanga waburitsa mamwe mamiriro.

Iyo Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) bvunzo inowanzo shandiswa kuongorora catatonia. Chiyero ichi chine zvinhu makumi maviri nezviviri zvakawanikwa kubva pa0 kusvika pa3. A "0" chiyero zvinoreva kuti chiratidzo hachipo. Chiyero che "3" zvinoreva kuti chiratidzo chiripo.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kubatsira kutonga kusaenzana kwemagetsi. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera shanduko mukushanda kwepfungwa. Embolism embolism, kana ropa clot mumapapu, zvinogona kutungamira kuchiratidzo chekatatonia.

Iyo fibrin D-dimer yeropa bvunzo inogona zvakare kubatsira. Ongororo dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti catatonia inosanganisirwa nematanho akakwira eD-dimer. Nekudaro, akawanda mamiriro (senge pulmonary embolism) anogona kukanganisa D-dimer mazinga.

CT kana MRI scans inobvumira vanachiremba kuti vaone uropi. Izvi zvinobatsira kutonga bundu repfungwa kana kuzvimba.

Catatonia inobatwa sei?

Mishonga kana electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) inogona kushandiswa kurapa catatonia.

Mishonga

Mishonga kazhinji ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekurapa catatonia. Mhando dzemishonga dzinogona kupihwa dzinosanganisira benzodiazepines, zvinyoronyoro zvinozorodza, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko, tricyclic antidepressants. Benzodiazepines anowanzo kuve ekutanga mishonga yakatemwa.

Benzodiazepines inosanganisira clonazepam (Klonopin), lorazepam (Ativan), uye diazepam (Valium). Iyi mishonga inowedzera GABA muuropi, iyo inotsigira iyo dzidziso yakaderedza GABA inotungamira ku catatonia. Vanhu vane mwero wepamusoro paBFCRS vanowanzo pindura zvakanaka kune benzodiazepine kurapwa.

Mimwe mishonga chaiyo inogona kunyorerwa, zvichienderana nenyaya yemunhu, inosanganisira:

• amobarbital, barbiturate
• bromocriptine (Cycloset, Parlodel)
• carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epitol, Tegretol)
• lithiamu carbonate
• utachiona kemikari
• zolpidem (Ambien)

Mushure memazuva mashanu, kana pasina mhinduro kumushonga kana kana zviratidzo zvanyanya, chiremba anogona kukurudzira kumwe kurapwa.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) mushonga unoshanda we catatonia. Iyi kurapa inoitwa muchipatara pasi pekutarisirwa kwechiremba. Maitiro asingarwadzi.

Kana munhu angogadzikana, muchina wakasarudzika unorovera kurohwa nemagetsi kuuropi. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kubatwa muuropi kwenguva yakatenderedza miniti.

Kubatwa kunofungidzirwa kuti kunokonzeresa kuwanda kweanourotransmitters muuropi. Izvi zvinogona kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvekatatonia.

Zvinoenderana neongororo yemabhuku ya2018, ECT uye benzodiazepines ndiwo marapirwo chete akave nekiriniki yekurapa catatonia.

Ndeapi maonero e catatonia?

Vanhu vanowanzo pindura nekukurumidza kurapwa kwekatatonia. Kana munhu akasapindura kumishonga yakatemwa, chiremba anogona kunyorera mimwe mishonga kudzamara zviratidzo zvadzikira.

Vanhu vanoenda kuECT vane mwero wepamusoro wekudzokerazve kune catatonia. Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvakare mukati megore.

Catatonia inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Nekuti chikonzero chaicho chekatatonia kazhinji hachizivikanwe, kudzivirira hakugone. Nekudaro, vanhu vane catatonia vanofanirwa kudzivirira kunwa yakawandisa mishonga yemauroleptic, senge chlorpromazine. Mushonga kushandisa zvisizvo kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zvekatatoniya.