Major Kushungurudzika Dambudziko (Clinical Kushungurudzika)

Zvemukati

• Chii chakanyanya kushungurudzika kusagadzikana?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana kukuru?
• Chii chinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kukuru?
• Kurwara kukuru kwekushungurudzika kunorapwa sei?
• Mishonga
• Kusarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Mimwe mishonga
• Psychotherapy
• Mararamiro anochinja
• Idya zvakanaka
• Dzivisa doro uye zvimwe zvikafu zvakagadzirwa
• Wana maekisesaizi akawanda
• Rara zvakanaka
• Ndeupi maonero eumwe munhu ane hosha yekuora mwoyo?
• Pfungwa dzekuzviuraya

Mifananidzo / Getty Mifananidzo

Chii chakanyanya kushungurudzika kusagadzikana?

Kusuruvara chikamu chechisikigo chezviitiko zvevanhu. Vanhu vanogona kunzwa vakasuruvara kana kushushikana kana mudiwa achinge apfuura kana pavanenge vachisangana nedambudziko rehupenyu, senge kurambana kana kurwara zvakanyanya

Aya manzwiro anowanzo gara kwenguva pfupi. Kana mumwe munhu akasangana nemanzwiro anoramba aripo uye akasimba ekusuwa kwenguva yakareba, ipapo vanogona kunge vaine kusagadzikana kwepfungwa senge rakanyanya kushushikana kwepfungwa (MDD).

MDD, inonziwo kiriniki kushushikana, yakakosha mamiriro ekurapa ayo anogona kukanganisa nzvimbo zhinji dzehupenyu hwako. Iyo inokanganisa manzwiro uye maitiro pamwe nemabasa akasiyana epanyama, senge chishuwo uye kurara.

MDD ndeimwe yeakajairika mamiriro ehutano hwepfungwa muUnited States. Dhata inoratidza kuti inopfuura 7 muzana yevakuru veUS vakawana chiitiko chikuru chekushushikana muna2017.

Vamwe vanhu vane MDD havambotsvage kurapwa. Nekudaro, vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere ichi vanogona kudzidza kutsungirira uye kushanda nekurapwa. Mishonga, psychotherapy, uye dzimwe nzira dzinogona kubata vanhu vane MDD uye kuvabatsira kubata zviratidzo zvavo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana kukuru?

Chiremba wako kana nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa anogona kuita kuongororwa kweakanyanya kushushikana kusagadzikana zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvako, manzwiro, uye maitiro.

Kazhinji, iwe unozobvunzwa mimwe mibvunzo kana kupihwa remibvunzo kuitira kuti vagone kuona kana uine MDD kana kumwe kuongorora.

Kuti uonekwe uine MDD, unofanirwa kusangana nematanho echiratidzo akanyorwa muDiagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM). Iri bhuku rinobatsira vezvekurapa kuongorora mamiriro ehutano hwepfungwa.

Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ayo:

• iwe unofanirwa kuona shanduko mukuita kwako kwekare
• zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kuitika kwenguva yemasvondo maviri kana anopfuura
• chiratidzo chimwe chete chingangoita kushushikana mupfungwa kana kurasikirwa nekufarira kana kunakidzwa

Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kuona mashanu kana anopfuura ezviratidzo zvinotevera munguva yevhiki mbiri:

• Iwe unonzwa wakasuruvara kana kushatirwa mazhinji ezuva, rinenge zuva rega rega.
• Iwe haufarire zvakanyanya mumabasa mazhinji awakambonakidzwa nawo.
• Iwe unongoerekana warasa kana kuwedzera uremu kana kuita shanduko mune chishuwo.
• Iwe une dambudziko rekurara kana kuda kurara kupfuura zvakajairwa.
• Iwe unonzwa kunzwa kwekusagadzikana.
• Iwe unonzwa kuneta zvisina kujairika uye kushaya simba.
• Unonzwa usina maturo kana mhosva, kazhinji pamusoro pezvinhu zvisingawanzo kuita kuti unzwe saizvozvo.
• Iwe unonetseka kuisa pfungwa, kufunga, kana kuita sarudzo.
• Iwe unofunga nezvekuzvikuvadza kana kuzviuraya.

Chii chinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kukuru?

Chikonzero chaicho che MDD hachizivikanwe. Zvisinei, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekukudziridza mamiriro acho.

Iko kusanganiswa kwemajini uye kushushikana kunogona kukanganisa makemikari ehuropi uye kudzikisira kugona kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemanzwiro.

Shanduko muyero yemahormone inogona zvakare kubatsira mukuvandudzwa kweMDC.

MDD inogona kukonzerwa ne:

• doro kana kushandisa zvinodhaka
• mamwe marapirwo, senge kenza kana hypothyroidism
• mamwe marudzi emishonga, kusanganisira steroids
• kushungurudzwa panguva yehudiki

Kurwara kukuru kwekushungurudzika kunorapwa sei?

MDD inowanzo kurapwa nemushonga uye psychotherapy. Dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa mararamiro dzinogona kubatsira zvakare kudzikamisa zvimwe zviratidzo.

Vanhu vane MDD yakaoma kana vane pfungwa dzekuzvikuvadza vangangoda kugara muchipatara panguva yekurapwa. Vamwe vangangodawo kutora chikamu muchirongwa chekurapa kwekunze kusvikira zviratidzo zvanaka.

Mishonga

Vanopa rubatsiro rwekutanga vanowanzo tanga kurapwa kweMDD nekumisikidza mishonga yekudzvinyirira.

Kusarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

SSRIs inowanzo rondedzerwa mhando yeanodzvinyirira. SSRIs inoshanda nekubatsira kudzivisa kuparara kweserotonin muuropi, zvichikonzera huwandu hwakawanda hweiyi neurotransmitter.

Serotonin ikemikari yeuropi iyo inotendwa kuve inokonzeresa manzwiro. Zvinogona kubatsira kunatsiridza manzwiro uye kuburitsa hutano hwakanaka hwekurara.

Vanhu vane MDD vanowanzofungidzirwa kuva neakaderera maserotonini. SSRI inogona kubvisa zviratidzo zve MDD nekuwedzera huwandu hweserotonin inowanikwa muuropi.

SSRIs inosanganisira inozivikanwa mishonga se fluoxetine (Prozac) uye citalopram (Celexa). Ivo vane yakaderera kwazvo zviitiko yemhedzisiro iyo vanhu vazhinji vanoshivirira zvakanaka.

Saizvozvowo neSSRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) ndeimwe mhando yeanodzvinyirira anowanzo gadzwa. Izvi zvinokanganisa serotonin uye norepinephrine.

Mimwe mishonga

Tricyclic antidepressants uye mishonga inozivikanwa seatypical antidepressants, senge bupropion (Wellbutrin), inogona kushandiswa kana mimwe mishonga isina kubatsira.

Iyi mishonga inogona kukonzera akati wandei mhedzisiro, kusanganisira kuwedzera uremu uye kurara. Sezvakaita chero mishonga, mabhenefiti uye mhedzisiro zvinoda kuyerwa zvakaringana nachiremba wako.

Mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa MDD haina kuchengetedzeka panguva yekuzvitakura kana kuyamwisa. Ita shuwa kuti unotaura nemubatsiri wezvehutano kana ukava nepamuviri, uri kuronga kuve nepamuviri, kana kuti uri kuyamwisa.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy, inozivikanwawo senge kurapwa kwepfungwa kana kurapa kwekutaura, inogona kuve yekurapa kunoshanda kune vanhu vane MDD. Inosanganisira kusangana nemurapi nguva nenguva kuti utaure nezve mamiriro ako uye nezvimwe zvinoenderana.

Psychotherapy inogona kukubatsira:

• chinja kune dambudziko kana chimwe chiitiko chinonetsa
• chinja zvitendero zvisina kunaka uye hunhu nezvakanaka, zvine hutano
• kunatsiridza hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana
• tsvaga nzira dziri nani dzekugadzirisa matambudziko nekugadzirisa matambudziko
• wedzera kuzviremekedza kwako
• dzorerazve pfungwa yekugutsikana uye kutonga muhupenyu hwako

Mubatsiri wako wezvehutano anogona zvakare kukurudzira mamwe marudzi ehurapi, senge kugona kuziva maitiro ekurapa kana kurapwa kwevamwe. Kana iwe usati uine mutano wehutano, iyo Healthline FindCare chishandiso inogona kukubatsira iwe kuwana chiremba munharaunda yako.

Kumwe kurapwa kunogoneka kurapa kweboka, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kuti ugovane zvaunonzwa nevanhu vanogona kuenderana nezvauri kupfuura nazvo.

Mararamiro anochinja

Kunze kwekutora mishonga uye kutora chikamu mune yekurapa, iwe unogona kubatsira kuvandudza MDD zviratidzo nekuita shanduko kune ako ezuva nezuva maitiro.

Idya zvakanaka

Kudya kune zvinovaka muviri kunobatsira pfungwa dzako nemuviri, uye nepo pasina chikafu chingagona kurapa kushushikana, dzimwe sarudzo dzakanaka dzechikafu dzinogona kubatsira hutano hwako hwepfungwa.

Funga kudya chikafu:

• ine omega-3 fatty acids, salmon
• akapfuma nemaB mavitamini, akadai bhinzi uye zviyo zvakakwana
• ine magnesium, iyo inowanikwa muhove, mhodzi, uye yogati

Dzivisa doro uye zvimwe zvikafu zvakagadzirwa

Izvo zvinobatsira kudzivirira doro, sezvo iri sisitimu yetsinga inoshungurudza iyo inogona kuita kuti zviratidzo zvako zviwedzere.

Zvakare, zvimwe zvakanatswa, zvakagadziriswa, uye zvakadzama-zvakabikwa zvekudya zvine omega-6 mafuta acids, ayo anogona kuita kuti MDD.

Wana maekisesaizi akawanda

Kunyangwe MDD ichigona kuita kuti unzwe kuneta zvakanyanya, zvakakosha kuve unoshanda panyama. Kurovedza muviri, kunyanya panze uye muzuva rine mwero, kunogona kusimudzira manzwiro ako uye kuita kuti unzwe zvirinani.

Rara zvakanaka

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uwane kurara kwakaringana husiku humwe, izvo zvinogona kusiyana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu asi zvinowanzo pakati pakati pe7 kusvika maawa manomwe.

Vanhu vane kushushikana kazhinji vane dambudziko nekurara. Taura nachiremba kana iwe uchinetseka kurara kana kunyanyisa kurara.

Ndeupi maonero eumwe munhu ane hosha yekuora mwoyo?

Kunyange mumwe munhu ane MDD achigona kunzwa kusava netariro pane dzimwe nguva, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kusagadzikana kunogona kurapwa zvinobudirira. Ikoko ndizvo tariro.

Kuti uvandudze maonero ako, zvakakosha kuti urambe uine chirongwa chako chekurapa. Usarasikirwa nezvirongwa zvekurapa kana kuteedzera-kugadzwa pamwe neako mupi wehutano.

Iwe zvakare haufanire kumbomira kutora mishonga yako kunze kwekunge warayirwa kuti uite saizvozvo nachiremba wako kana mupi wezvehutano.

Pamazuva apo iwe unonzwa zvakanyanya kushushikana kunyangwe uchirapwa, zvinogona kubatsira kudana dambudziko remunharaunda kana hutano hwepfungwa, kana iyo National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. Zviwanikwa zviripo.

Izwi rine hushamwari, rinotsigira rinogona kunge riri iro raunoda kuti upinde panguva yakaoma.

Pfungwa dzekuzviuraya

Kana iwe ukatanga kutora mishonga yekudzvinyirira uye uine pfungwa dzekuzviuraya, dana chiremba wako kana 911 ipapo ipapo. Kunyangwe chiri chiitiko chisingawanzoitika, mimwe mishonga yeMDC inogona kukonzera pfungwa dzekuzviuraya muvanhu vachangotanga kurapwa. Taura nachiremba wako nezvezvinonetsa zvaunogona kuva nazvo nezvekutora mishonga inoisa njodzi iyi.