Zvese nezveFertilization

Zvemukati

• Zvinoitika pakusangana kwevanhu
• In vitro kuberekesa
• Zviratidzo zvekubereka
• Iko kukura kwembryonic kunoitika
• Iyo Placenta inogadzirwa sei
• Apo mwana anogona kuzvarwa

Kuberekesa izita renguva iyo urume paunokwanisa kupinda muzai, zvichikonzera zai kana zygote, inozokura yoita iyo nhumbu, iyo mushure mekukura ichaumba fetus, iyo mushure mekuberekwa inoonekwa kunge mucheche.

Kuberekesa kunoitika mumatope uye zai kana zygote inotanga kupatsanuka painofamba kusvika yasvika muchibereko. Kana ichinge yasvika muchibereko, inoisirwa mukati meiyo uterine endometrium uye pano, zviri pamutemo, nesting inoitika (nest site) anenge mazuva 6-7 mushure mekuberekwa.

Zvinoitika pakusangana kwevanhu

Kusangana kwevanhu kunoitika kana urume hwapinda muzai, muchikamu chekutanga che fallopian tube, zvichikonzera kuti mukadzi abate pamuviri. Kana urume hukwanisa kupinda muzai, madziro ayo anobva angotadzisa imwe mbeu kupinda.

Mbeu imwe chete inodarika membrane yayo, yakatakura ma chromosomes makumi maviri nematatu kubva kumurume. Pakarepo, aya ma chromosomes akasarudzika anosanganiswa nemamwe ma chromosomes makumi maviri nemaviri emukadzi, achiumba anowirirana echromosomes makumi mana nematanhatu, akarongwa ari maviri maviri maviri.

Izvi zvinotanga kuita kwekuwedzera kwesero, mhedzisiro yekupedzisira ndiko kuberekwa kwemwana ane hutano.

In vitro kuberekesa

In vitro fertilization ndipo apo chiremba paanoisa urume muzai, mukati merimwe rabhoritari. Mushure mekunge chiremba aona kuti zygote iri kukura zvakanaka, inoiswa mukati memadziro echibereko chemukadzi, uko inogona kuramba ichikura kusvika yagadzirira kuberekwa. Maitiro aya anonzi zvakare IVF kana inemination insemination. Tsvaga rumwe ruzivo nezve yekudyara kwekugadzira pano.

Zviratidzo zvekubereka

Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekusangana zvine hunyengeri zvakanyanya, uye hazviwanzo kucherechedzwa nemukadzi, asi zvinogona kunge zviri zvinyoro nyoro, uye kubuda ropa kudiki kana kubuda kwepingi, kunonzi nidation. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mukadzi haacherechedze zviratidzo zvekubata kusvika vhiki mbiri mushure medendere. Ona zvese zviratidzo zvekubata uye kuti ungasimbisa sei nhumbu.

Iko kukura kwembryonic kunoitika

Kukura kwe "embryonic" kunoitika kubva mudendere kusvika vhiki rechisere rekubata, uye muchikamu chino kuumbwa kwepacenta, tambo yembilical, uye kuratidzwa kwenhengo dzese kunoitika. Kubva pavhiki rechitanhatu rekubata mwana mudiki anonzi "embryo", uye mushure mevhiki yechigumi nembiri yenhumbu inonzi "fetus" uye apa "placenta" yakura zvakakwana zvekuti, kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, inogona kupa zvinovaka muviri zvese zvinodiwa kukura kwe "fetus".

Iyo Placenta inogadzirwa sei

Iyo placenta inoumbwa nechinhu chamai chemadzimai akakura uye akawanda akaturikidzana, anonzi zvivi zveplacenta, kuburikidza naro iro ropa raamai rinoyerera richienderera; nechinhu chinonzi "fetus" chinonyanya kumiririrwa nemazamu mahombe, ayo anotenderera muzvitadzo uye neropa rinotenderera.

Izvo zvinovaka muviri zvinopararira kubva muropa raamai kuburikidza nemukono weiyo placental villus kune iyo fetal ropa, ichidarika nepakati peiyo umbilical vein kusvika kune fetus.

Fetal excreta yakadai seakabhoni dhayokisaidhi, urea nezvimwe zvinhu, inopararira kubva muropa remwana mudumbu kuenda muropa raamai uye inoburitswa nekunze nemabasa aamai ekuwedzera. Iyo placenta inoviga yakanyanya kukwirisa huwandu hweestrogen uye progesterone, ingangoita ka30 zvakapetwa esrogen kupfuura zvakavanzika neiyo corpus luteum uye kanenge kagumi zvakapfuura progesterone.

Aya mahormone akakosha kwazvo mukusimudzira kukura kwe fetus. Pakati pemavhiki ekutanga epamuviri, imwe mahormone yakavanzwawo neiyo placenta, chorionic gonadotropin, iyo inomutsa iyo corpus luteum, ichikonzera kuti irambe ichiburitsa estrogen uye progesterone panguva yekutanga chikamu chepamuviri.

Aya mahormone ari mu corpus luteum akakosha mukuenderera kwemimba panguva yekutanga kwemasvondo masere kusvika gumi nemaviri. Mushure menguva iyi, iyo placenta inoburitsa huwandu hwakakwana hweestrogen uye progesterone kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza nhumbu.

Apo mwana anogona kuzvarwa

Mwana akagadzirira kuzvarwa mushure memasvondo makumi matatu nemasere ekubata, ino ingori nguva yakajairika yepamuviri ane hutano. Asi mwana anogona kuzvarwa mushure memasvondo makumi matatu nemanomwe ekubata pasina kutariswa asati akura, asi nhumbu yacho inogona zvakare kusvika kumavhiki makumi mana nemaviri, iri mamiriro akajairika.