Ruvara upofu: chii icho, maitiro ekuchiona nekuchibata

Zvemukati

• Ungaziva sei kupofara kwemavara
• Kwakadii kurapwa
• 1. Wedzera maitiro kuratidza mavara
• 2. Ratidza magirazi mapofu

Ruvara kupofumadza, inozivikanwawo sedyschromatopsia kana dyschromopsia, ishanduko muchiono umo munhu wacho asingakwanise kusiyanisa mamwe mavara, kunyanya girini kubva kutsvuku. Shanduko iyi iri muzviitiko zvakawanda majini, zvisinei inogona zvakare kusimuka semhedzisiro yekukuvara kune chimiro chemeso kana mauroni anoona nezve kuona.

Ruvara kupofumadza harina mushonga, zvisinei, mararamiro emunhu anogona kuchinjaniswa kuti ave nehupenyu padhuze neyakajairwa uye pasina matambudziko, uye kushandiswa kwemagirazi ehupofu hwemavara, semuenzaniso, kunogona kuratidzwa nachiremba wemaziso. Kuongororwa kweshanduko iyi kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nemiedzo inobvumidza kuongorora kugona kwemunhu kusiyanisa mavara. Ona kuti bvunzo idzi ndedzei kuratidza kusapenya kwemavara.

Ungaziva sei kupofara kwemavara

Kuongororwa kwekupofomara kwemavara kunoitwa kuburikidza nemuyedzo unogona kuitiswa kumba, kuchikoro kana panguva yekubvunzana na ophthalmologist uye iyo inosanganisira yekuzivisa nhamba kana nzira dziripo mumifananidzo ine akasiyana mavara mapatani. Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nekwaniso kwemunhu kuziva izvo zviri mumifananidzo, ophthalmologist anogona kusimbisa kuongororwa uye kuratidza mhando yerudzi rwekupofomadza munhu iye, anoti:

• Achromatic ruvara bofu: inozivikanwawo se monochromatic, ndiyo mhando isingawanzoonekwa yehupofu hwemavara, umo munhu wacho anoona mune nhema, chena uye grey, asingaone mamwe mavara;
• Dichromatic Ruvara upofu: munhu wacho haana mugamuchiri wemavara uye, nekudaro, haakwanise kuziva iwo mavara matsvuku, girini kana bhuruu;

• Trichomatic color bofu: ndiyo mhando yakajairika, apo munhu anenge aine chinetso chidiki chekusiyanisa mavara sezvo munhu wacho aine ese anogamuchira mavara asi asingashande zvakanaka. Iwo mavara ayo anowanzo kanganisika akatsvuka, girini uye bhuruu ane avo akasiyana shades.

Mhando dzekupofomara kwemavara dzakarongedzwa zvinoenderana nedambudziko rekuona imwe seti yemavara, uye inofanirwa kugara ichionekwa nachiremba wepamoyo.

Kwakadii kurapwa

Ruvara kupofumadza hakuna mushonga, zvisinei kurapwa kunoratidzirwa na ophthalmologist kunogona kusimudzira hupenyu hwemunhu, uye kunogona kukurudzirwa:

1. Wedzera maitiro kuratidza mavara

Kudzidza maitiro ekuzivisa mavara anonzi ADD ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekurarama nehupofu hwevara. Iyi sisitimu inoratidzira yega yega ruvara nechiratidzo, kubatsira iyo bofu bofu kuti 'ione' iwo mavara, nenzira yakapusa, kuwedzera kwavo kuzviremekedza uye nekuvandudza kwavo hupenyu hwehupenyu.

Nepo hurongwa uhu husati hwakamanikidzwa, chaunogona kuita kukumbira rubatsiro kubva kune mumwe munhu asiri bofu bofu kuti abatsire kunyora chiratidzo chakakodzera pamazita ehembe neshangu, pamwe nezvinyoreso nemapenzura ane mavara kuitira kuti pese panopenya bhuruu zviratidzo zvinoziva kuziva mavara avo.

Iyo ADD yekukodha system yakafanana nemutauro weBraille kune vasina kuona uye yakashandiswa mune dzimwe nyika.

2. Ratidza magirazi mapofu

Nzira yakanaka yekurarama nehupofu hwemavara ndeyekutenga magirazi akasarudzika ehupofu hwemavara, ayo anogadzirisa iwo mavara kuitira kuti iwo bofu bofu aone mavara sezvaari chaizvo.

Kune maviri marudzi emalensi, imwe yacho inoratidzirwa kune vanhu vasingakwanise kuona iyo mitsvuku, inova iyo Cx-PT modhi, uye imwe yacho kune avo vasingakwanise kuona green, inova iyo Cx-D modhi. Nekudaro, girazi remaziso rinogona kuratidzwa kune avo vasingazive mavara ese harisati rave kugadzirwa.