Chirwere cheshuga Njodzi Zviitiko

Zvemukati

• Ndeapi magene anokanganisa chirwere cheshuga?
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinokanganisa njodzi yeshuga?
• Ndeapi maitiro ehupenyu anokanganisa chirwere cheshuga?
• Ndeapi mamiriro ekurapa anokanganisa njodzi yeshuga?
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine chekuita nezera zvinokanganisa njodzi yeshuga?
• Pane here zvisirizvo zvine chekuita nechirwere cheshuga zvine njodzi?

Chii chinonzi chirwere cheshuga?

Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kushandisa shuga yeropa kuwana simba. Iwo matatu marudzi ari mhando 1, mhando 2, uye gestational chirwere cheshuga:

• Tora 1 chirwere cheshugainokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kuburitsa insulin. Vanachiremba vanowanzo kuongorora muhucheche, kunyange zvichikwanisa kuitika kune vanhu vakuru zvakare. Iyo hormone insulin yakakosha pakubatsira muviri kushandisa shuga yeropa. Pasina insulini yakakwana, iyo shuga yeropa inowedzera inogona kukuvadza muviri. Sekureva kweAmerican Diabetes Association, vana nemamiriyoni 1.25 vekuU.S. uye vakuru vane chirwere cheshuga chekutanga.
• Nyora 2 chirwere cheshugainokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kushandisa insulini nemazvo. Kusiyana nevanhu vane rudzi rwekutanga chirwere cheshuga, vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cheshuga vanoita insulin. Zvisinei, kana ivo vasingaite zvakakwana kuti vafambirane nekukwira kweshuga yeropa kana muviri wavo haugone kushandisa iyo insulin zvine mutsindo. Vanachiremba vanobatanidza rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga nemararamiro ane chekuita nehupenyu sekufutisa.
• Gestational chirwere cheshugamamiriro anoita kuti vakadzi vave neshuga yakakwira kwazvo yeropa panguva yekuzvitakura. Aya mamiriro anowanzo kuve echinguvana.

Kuva nenjodzi hazvireve kuti mumwe munhu achawana chirwere cheshuga.

Ndeapi magene anokanganisa chirwere cheshuga?

Vanachiremba havazivi chikonzero chaicho cherudzi 1 chirwere cheshuga.

Nhoroondo yemhuri yerudzi rwe1 chirwere cheshuga inoonekwa sengozi. Zvinoenderana neAmerican Diabetes Association:

• Kana murume aine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, mwana wake ane mukana 1 mu17 wekukura kwechirwere cheshuga.
• Kana mukadzi aine chirwere cheshuga cheshuga:
  • mwana wake ane mukana mumwe chete pa25 wekukudziridza mhando yechirwere cheshuga - kana mwana akazvarwa mukadzi ari mudiki pane makumi maviri nemashanu.
  • mwana wake ane mukana we1 pa100 wekukudziridza mhando yechirwere cheshuga - kana mwana akazvarwa mukadzi ari 25 kana kupfuura.
• Kana vese vari vaviri vabereki vane chirwere cheshuga cheshuga, mwana wavo ane pakati pe1 pa10 uye 1 mu4 mukana wekukudziridza chirwere cheshuga.

Kuva nemubereki ane chirwere cheshuga chechipiri kunowedzerawo njodzi yeshuga. Nekuti chirwere cheshuga chinowanzoenderana nesarudzo yemararamiro, vabereki vanogona kupfuudza hunhu husina kunaka kuvana vavo pamusoro pechibereko. Izvi zvinowedzera njodzi yevana vavo yekuwana mhando 2 chirwere cheshuga.

Vanhu vemamwe madzinza vane njodzi yakanyanya yerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• VaAfrica -America
• Vanhu vekuAmerica
• Asia -America
• Pacific Islanders
• Vepanhau vekuAmerican

Vakadzi vane njodzi yakawedzera yejestational chirwere cheshuga kana vaine nhengo yepedyo yemhuri ine chirwere cheshuga.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinokanganisa njodzi yeshuga?

Kuve nehutachiona (mhando isingazivikanwe) pazera diki kunogona kukonzera mhando 1 chirwere cheshuga mune vamwe vanhu.

Vanhu zvakare vane mukana wekuti vave nerudzi rwekutanga chirwere cheshuga kana vachigara munzvimbo inotonhora. Vanachiremba vanoongorora zvakare vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cheshuga munguva yechando kazhinji kupfuura chirimo.

Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzinoratidza kuti kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunogona zvakare kukuisa panjodzi yekuwedzera chirwere cheshuga.

Ndeapi maitiro ehupenyu anokanganisa chirwere cheshuga?

Kune rudzi rwekutanga chirwere cheshuga, hazvizivikanwe kana paine chero mararamiro ane chekuita nenjodzi.

Type 2 chirwere cheshuga inowanzoenderana nehupenyu. Maitiro ehupenyu anowedzera njodzi anosanganisira:

• kufutisa
• kusaita basa
• kusvuta
• kudya zvisina hutano

Sekureva kweAmerican Academy yeMhuri Vanachiremba, kufutisa ndiyo imwe chete panjodzi huru yerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.

Ndeapi mamiriro ekurapa anokanganisa njodzi yeshuga?

Vanhu vari zvakare mukana wekuti vawane rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga kana vaine zvinotevera mamiriro:

• acanthosis nigricans, mamiriro eganda anoita kuti ganda riite serisviba kupfuura zvakajairwa
• neBP (yakakwira BP) yakakura kupfuura 130/80 mm Hg
• cholesterol yakawanda
• polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• prediabetes kana huwandu hweshuga yeropa iyo yakakwira kupfuura zvakajairwa, asi kwete pamatanho eshuga
• triglyceride mazinga ari mazana maviri nemashanu kana kupfuura

Vakadzi vane gestational chirwere cheshuga vanozvara mwana anorema mapaundi mapfumbamwe kana kupfuura vari panjodzi huru yekukura rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine chekuita nezera zvinokanganisa njodzi yeshuga?

Vanhu vanowanzoita chirwere cheshuga sezvavanokwegura. Sekureva kweAmerican Diabetes Association, inofungidzirwa kuti 25 muzana yevagari vemuUnited States vane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu zvichikwira vane chirwere cheshuga.

kurudzira vanhu vakuru vane makore makumi mana nemashanu zvichikwira kuti vawane chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana munhu akafuta.

Pane here zvisirizvo zvine chekuita nechirwere cheshuga zvine njodzi?

Chinhu chisina kujairika pamusoro pechirwere cheshuga ndechekuti majekiseni ekudzivirira chirwere cheshuga. Sekureva kweNational Center for Immunization Reseach & Surveillance, hapana humbowo hunotsigira izvi.