Enterovirus: zviratidzo, kurapwa uye maitiro ekuongororwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zvikuru nezvirwere zvinokonzerwa ne enterovirus
• Ngozi dzehutachiona hwe enterovirus mukuzvitakura
• Kurapa sei
• Maitiro ekuongororwa kunoitwa

Enteroviruses anoenderana neiyo genus remavhairasi ayo makuru ekushandisa ekudzokorora ndiwo nzira yemudumbu, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha, kurutsa uye huro huro. Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nema enteroviruses zvinotapukira zvakanyanya uye zvakajairika muvana, sevanhu vakuru vane immune system yakawedzera, kupindura zvirinani kuzvirwere.

Iyo huru enterovirus ipoliyo, inova hutachiona hunokonzera poriyo, uye iyo, painosvika pane huta, inogona kukonzeresa mitezo yekuremara uye kutadza kufambisa mota. Kuparadzirwa kwehutachiona kunowanzoitika kuburikidza nekumwa kwechikafu uye / kana mvura yakasvibiswa nehutachiona kana kusangana nevanhu kana zvinhu zvakasvibiswawo. Nekudaro, nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira hutachiona ndeyekuvandudza maitiro ehutsanana, kuwedzera kune kubaiwa, mune chirwere cheporiyo.

Zviratidzo zvikuru nezvirwere zvinokonzerwa ne enterovirus

Kuvapo uye / kana kusavapo kwezviratidzo zvine chekuita nehutachiona hwe enterovirus kunoenderana nerudzi rwehutachiona, hutachiona hwayo uye immune system yemunhu. Muzviitiko zvakawanda zvehutachiona, zviratidzo hazvioneke uye chirwere chinogadzirisa zvakasununguka. Nekudaro, mune vana, kunyanya, sezvo immune system isina kunyatso kukura, zvinokwanisika kuti zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa nemusoro, fivha, kurutsa, kurwadziwa pahuro, maronda eganda nemaronda mukati memuromo, zvichienderana nerudzi rwehutachiona, mukati kuwedzera kune yakanyanya njodzi yezvinetso.

Enteroviruses inogona kusvika kune akati wandei nhengo, zviratidzo uye kuomarara kwechirwere zvichienderana nenhengo yakabatwa. Nekudaro, hosha huru dzinokonzerwa nema enteroviruses ndeidzi:

1. Poriyo: Poriyo, inonziwo kuparara kwevecheche, inokonzerwa nepoliyo, rudzi rwe enterovirus inokwanisa kusvika kune hunyanzvi uye kukonzeresa mitezo, kutadza kufambisa mota, kurwadza kwemajoini uye tsandanyama atrophy;
2. Ruoko-tsoka-muromo muromo: Ichi chirwere chinotapukira zvikuru uye chinokonzerwa nerudzi rwe enterovirus Coxsackieizvo zvinokonzeresa, kuwedzera kune fivhiri, manyoka uye kurutsa, kuoneka kwemabhuru pamaoko netsoka nemaronda emuromo;
3. Herpangina: Herpangina inogona kukonzerwa nerudzi rwe enterovirus Coxsackie uye nehutachiona Herpes simplex uye inozivikanwa nekuvapo kwemaronda mukati nekunze kwemuromo, kuwedzera kune mutsvuku uye wakatsamwa huro;
4. Utachiona hwomumuzongoza: Mhando yemanyowani iyi inoitika kana iyo enterovirus yasvika mukushushikana uye inokonzeresa kuzvimba kwemamenji, ayo ari mamandara anotenderedza uropi uye musana, zvichitungamira kuzviratidzo zvakaita sefivha, kutemwa nemusoro, mutsipa wakaomarara uye kunzwa kukuru kuchiedza;
5. Encephalitis: Muhutachiona encephalitis, iyo enterovirus inokonzeresa kuzvimba muuropi, uye inofanirwa kurapwa nekukasira kuitira kudzivirira zvinokwanisika kusangana, senge kushomeka kwemhasuru, shanduko yekuona uye kunetseka kutaura kana kunzwa;
6. Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis: Panyaya yehutachiona conjunctivitis, iyo enterovirus inosangana yakananga nemucheka weziso, zvichikonzera kuzvimba kwemeso nekubuda ropa kudiki, izvo zvinoita kuti ziso ritsvuke.

Kuendeswa kweiyo enterovirus kunoitika kunyanya kuburikidza nekudyiwa kana kusangana nezvinhu zvakasvibiswa, nemufecal-oral nzira iriyo nzira huru yehutachiona. Kusvibisa kunoitika kana enterovirus yamedzwa, nzira yekugaya ndiyo nzvimbo huru yekuwanza hutachiona uhu, ndosaka zita rekuti enterovirus.

Pamusoro pekutapira kwemuromo, hutachiona hunogona kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nemadonhwe akapararira mumhepo, sezvo iyo enterovirus inogona zvakare kukonzera maronda pahuro, zvisinei iyi nzira yekutapurirana haina kushomeka.

Ngozi dzehutachiona hwe enterovirus mukuzvitakura

Kutapukirwa ne enterovirus panguva yekubata inomiririra njodzi kumwana kana hutachiona husinga zivikanwe uye kurapwa kwatanga pamwana achangoberekwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mwana anogona kusangana nehutachiona kunyangwe panguva yekuzvitakura uye, mushure mekuzvarwa, nekuda kwekukura kushoma kwesimba rayo rekuzvidzivirira, kukudziridza zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa sepsis, umo hutachiona hunosvika muropa uye huchipararira nyore. miviri.

Nekudaro, iyo enterovirus inogona kusvika pakati penheyo system, chiropa, chirwatata nemoyo uye mumazuva mashoma zvichikonzera kukundikana kwakawanda kwenhengo dzemwana, zvichikonzera kufa. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti hutachiona ne enterovirus huonekwe pakuve nepamuviri nechinangwa chekutanga kurapwa mumwana uye kudzivirira matambudziko munguva pfupi achangoberekwa.

Kurapa sei

Kurapa kwezvirwere zve enterovirus kunovavarira, kazhinji, kugadzirisa zviratidzo, sezvo pasina kurapwa chaiko kwehutachiona hwakawanda hunokonzerwa nerudzi urwu rwehutachiona. Kazhinji zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvinonyangarika zvega mushure mechinguva, asi kana iyo enterovirus yasvika muropa kana iyo yepakati system, inogona kuuraya, ichida kurapwa zvinoenderana nachiremba.

Panyaya yekubatanidzwa kweiyo yepakati tsinga system, iko kuiswa kweiyo immunoglobulin mutsinga kunogona kukurudzirwa nachiremba, kuitira kuti muviri unokwanisa kurwisa hutachiona zviri nyore. Mimwe mishonga yekudzivirira hutachiona ne enterovirus iri muchikamu chekuyedza, haisati yatongwa uye kusunungurwa kuti ishandiswe.

Parizvino, pane chete mushonga unodzivirira iyo enterovirus inokonzeresa poriyo, iyo polio, uye jekiseni rinofanirwa kupihwa mumadosi mashanu, yekutanga iri pamwedzi miviri yekuzvarwa. Panyaya yemamwe marudzi ema enteroviruses, zvakakosha kutora matanho ehutsanana uye nekuwana yakanakisa mamiriro ehutsanana kuitira kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemvura inoshandiswa mukushandisa kana zvimwe zvinangwa, nekuti nzira huru yekuendesa hutachiona iyi ndeyekunyepedzera- muromo. Ona nguva yekutora chirwere cheporiyo.

Maitiro ekuongororwa kunoitwa

Iko kwekutanga kuongororwa kwehutachiona ne enterovirus kunoitwa kubva kuchipatara kuratidzwa kunotsanangurwa nemurwere, kuchida kuti kuongororwa kwemarabhoritari kusimbise hutachiona. Rabhoritari kuongororwa kwehutachiona ne enterovirus kunoitwa pachishandiswa mamorekuru bvunzo, kunyanya iyo Polymerase Chain Reaction, inonziwo PCR, mune iyo mhando yehutachiona uye kusangana kwayo mumuviri kunoonekwa.

Utachiona hunogona zvakare kuzivikanwa nekuzviparadzanisa nehutachiona mune yakasarudzika tsika midhiya kuitira kuti hunhu hwekudzokorora huve nechokwadi. Hutachiona uhwu hunogona kusarudzika kubva kuzvinhu zvinoverengeka zvehupenyu, senge mutsvina, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), kubuda kwehuro neropa zvinoenderana nezviratidzo zvinotsanangurwa nemunhu. Mumatsvina, enterovirus inogona kuonekwa kusvika kumavhiki matanhatu mushure mehutachiona uye inogona kuwanikwa muhuro pakati pemazuva matatu kusvika manomwe kubva kutanga kwechirwere.

Miedzo yeSerological inogona zvakare kukumbirwa kuti itarise maitiro e immune immune kuhutachiona, zvisinei mhando iyi yekuyedza haina kushandiswa zvakanyanya kuongorora hutachiona hwe enterovirus.