ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation)
Zvemukati
- Ndiani anoda ECMO?
- Vacheche
- Vana
- Vakuru
- Ndeapi marudzi eECMO?
- Ndino gadzirira sei ECMO?
- Chii chinoitika panguva yeECMO?
- Ndeapi matambudziko anosangana neECMO?
- Chii chinoitika mushure meECMO?
Chii chinonzi extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)?
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) inzira yekupa kufema uye kutsigira kwemoyo. Inowanzo shandiswa kune vakanyanya kurwara vacheche vane chirwere chemwoyo kana chemapapu. ECMO inogona kupa oxygenation inodiwa kumucheche apo vanachiremba vachirapa mamiriro ari pasi. Vana vakura nevakuru vanogona zvakare kubatsirwa kubva kuECMO mune mamwe mamiriro.
ECMO inoshandisa mhando yemapapu ekugadzira anonzi membrane oxygenator kuita oxygenate ropa. Inobatana neinodziya uye firita yekupa okisijeni muropa uye kuidzosera kumuviri.
Ndiani anoda ECMO?
Vanachiremba vanokuisa iwe paECMO nekuti une zvakakomba, asi zvinodzoserwa, matambudziko emoyo kana mapapu. ECMO inotora iro basa remoyo nemapapu. Izvi zvinokupa iwe mukana wekupora.
ECMO inogona kupa moyo diki nemapapu evacheche nguva yakawanda yekukura.ECMO inogona zvakare kuve "bhiriji" pamberi uye mushure mekurapa sekuvhiya kwemoyo.
Sekureva kweCincinnati Children's Hospital, ECMO inongodiwa chete mumamiriro ekunyanyisa. Kazhinji, izvi zviri mushure mekunge mamwe matanho ekutsigira asina kubudirira. Pasina ECMO, iyo yekupona mwero mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro ingangoita makumi maviri muzana kana zvishoma. NeECMO, iyo yekupona mwero inogona kukwira kusvika makumi matanhatu muzana.
Vacheche
Kune vacheche, mamiriro anogona kuda ECMO anosanganisira:
- kufema kunetseka syndrome (kunetseka kufema)
- kuberekwa diaphragmatic hernia (gomba mudhiramu)
- meconium aspiration syndrome (inhalation yemarara zvigadzirwa)
- pulmonary hypertension (yakakwira BP muropa remapapu)
- mabayo akakomba
- kutadza kufema
- kusungwa kwemoyo
- kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo
- sepsis
Vana
Mwana angangoda ECMO kana achinge awana:
- chirwere chemabayo
- hutachiona hwakanyanya
- kuberekwa kwemoyo kukanganisa
- kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo
- kushungurudzika uye zvimwe zvinokurumidzira
- kushuvira kwezvinhu zvine chepfu mumapapu
- asima
Vakuru
Mune munhu mukuru, mamiriro ezvinhu angangoda ECMO anosanganisira:
- chirwere chemabayo
- kushungurudzika uye zvimwe zvinokurumidzira
- kutsigira kwemoyo mushure mekukundikana kwemoyo
- hutachiona hwakanyanya
Ndeapi marudzi eECMO?
ECMO ine zvikamu zvinoverengeka, zvinosanganisira:
- cannulae: makateti makuru (machubhu) akaiswa mumidziyo yeropa kubvisa uye kudzorera ropa
- membrane oxygenator: mapapu ekugadzira anogadzira ropa
- kudziya uye sefa: michina inodziya uye inosefa ropa ropa risati radzoserwa kumuviri
Munguva yeECMO, iyo cannulae kupomba ropa iro rakapera mweya we oxygen. Iyo membrane oxygenator inozoisa oxygen muropa. Ipapo inotumira iyo oxygenated ropa kuburikidza neinodziya uye kusefa uye ichidzosera iyo kumuviri.
Kune maviri marudzi eECMO:
- veno-venous (VV) ECMO: VV ECMO inotora ropa kubva mutsinga ndokuridzosera mutsinga. Iyi mhando yeECMO inotsigira yemapapu basa.
- veno-arterial (VA) ECMO: VA ECMO inotora ropa kubva mutsinga ndokuridzorera kune tsinga. VA ECMO inotsigira zvese moyo nemapapu. Izvo zvinokanganisa kupfuura VV ECMO. Dzimwe nguva iyo carotid arteri (iyo huru arteri kubva pamoyo kuenda kuuropi) ingangoda kuvharwa mushure meizvozvo.
Ndino gadzirira sei ECMO?
Chiremba anoongorora munhu pamberi peECMO. Iyo cranial ultrasound ichave nechokwadi chekuti hapana kubuda ropa muuropi. Iyo yemoyo ultrasound ichaona kana moyo uri kushanda. Zvakare, paunenge uri paECMO, uchave uine chifuva chezuva nezuva X-ray.
Mushure mekuona kuti ECMO inofanirwa, vanachiremba vanogadzirira iyo michina. Chikwata cheEECMO chakazvitsaurira, kusanganisira chiremba-akasimbiswa chiremba ane dzidziso uye ruzivo muECMO achaita ECMO. Chikwata ichi chinosanganisira:
- ICU vakanyoresa vanamukoti
- kufema varapi
- perfusionists (nyanzvi mukushandisa kwemoyo-mapapu michina)
- vashandi vanotsigira uye vanachipangamazano
- 24/7 timu yekutakura
- nyanzvi dzekuvandudza
Chii chinoitika panguva yeECMO?
Zvichienderana nezera rako, vanachiremba vanozoisa nekuchengetedza iyo cannulae mumutsipa, kugomera, kana chipfuva iwe uri pasi peanesthesia. Iwe unowanzo gara wakagara paunenge uri paECMO.
ECMO inotora pamusoro pekushanda kwemoyo kana mapapu. Vanachiremba vanozoongorora padyo neECMO nekutora maX-ray mazuva ese uye kuongorora:
- Mamhanyiro emoyo
- mweya wekufema
- oxygen mazinga
- BP
Chubhu yekufema nemhepo inofema zvinoita kuti mapapu ashande uye zvinobatsira kubvisa zvakavanzika.
Mishonga inoenderera ichiramba ichienderera kuburikidza nemutsinga catheters. Imwe yakakosha mishonga ndeye heparin. Iri ropa rakatetepa rinodzivirira kugwamba sezvo ropa rinofamba mukati meECMO.
Unogona kugara paECMO chero kubva pamazuva matatu kusvika pamwedzi. Kana iwe ukagara kwenguva refu paECMO, inowedzera njodzi yematambudziko.
Ndeapi matambudziko anosangana neECMO?
Njodzi huru kubva kuECMO kubuda ropa. Heparin inopinza ropa kudzivirira kuvhara. Izvo zvinowedzerawo njodzi yekubuda ropa mumuviri nepfungwa. ECMO varwere vanofanirwa kugamuchira kugara vachiongorora matambudziko ekubuda ropa.
Kune zvakare mukana wehutachiona kubva pakuiswa kwekanora. Vanhu vari paECMO vanogona kuzowedzerwa kuwedzerwa ropa. Izvi zvakare zvine njodzi diki yekutapukirwa.
Kusashanda kana kutadza kwemidziyo yeECMO imwe njodzi. Boka reECMO rinoziva maitiro ekuita mumamiriro ekukurumidzira senge ECMO kutadza.
Chii chinoitika mushure meECMO?
Sezvo munhu paanovandudza, vanachiremba vanovabvisa kubva kuECMO nekudzikisa zvishoma nezvishoma huwandu hweropa rakapepetwa kuburikidza neECMO. Kana munhu achinge abva paECMO, ivo vanoramba vari pane mweya wekufema kwenguva yakati.
Vaya vanga vari paECMO vacharamba vachida kuteverwa padhuze nemamiriro avo ezvinhu.