FLT3 Mutation uye Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Kufungisisa, Kuwandisa, uye Kurapa

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi FLT3 mutation?
• FLT3 inobata sei AML?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo?
• Kuedzwa kweFLT3 shanduko
• Kurapa kweFLT3 mutation
• Tora woenda nazvo

Chii chinonzi FLT3 mutation?

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) yakakamurwa kuita zvidimbu zvinoenderana nekuti masero ekenza anotaridzika sei, uye ndeapi majini ekuchinja anewo. Dzimwe mhando dze AML dzinotyisa kupfuura vamwe uye dzinoda kurapwa kwakasiyana.

FLT3 ishanduko yeshanduko, kana shanduko, mumasero eeleukemia. Pakati pevanhu vane AML vane izvi shanduko.

Iyo FLT3 gene kodhi yeprotein inonzi FLT3 iyo inobatsira machena masero eropa kukura. Shanduko mune iri geni inokurudzira kukura kwemazhinji masero asina kujairika eleukemia maseru.

Vanhu vane FLT3 mutation vane fomu ine hukasha yeleukemia iyo ingangodzoka mushure mekurapwa.

Munguva yakapfuura, kurapwa kwe AML kwanga kusingaite zvakanyanya pakurwisa kanzura neiyo FLT3 mutation. Asi mishonga mitsva inonyatso tarisa shanduko iyi iri kugadzirisa maonero evanhu vane iyi AML subtype.

FLT3 inobata sei AML?

Iyo FLT3 geni inobatsira kudzora kupona kwesero uye kubereka. Iko kushanduka kwemajini kunokonzeresa masero eropa kuwanda zvisingaite.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanhu vane iyo FLT3 mutation vane yakanyanya kuomarara fomu yeAML. Chirwere chavo chinonyanya kudzoka, kana kudzokazve, mushure mekurapwa. Ivo zvakare vane mwero wekupona wakaderera pane vanhu vasina shanduko.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo?

Zviratidzo zve AML zvinosanganisira:

• kupwanya kuri nyore kana kubuda ropa
• mhino dzemhino
• maronda anobuda ropa
• kuneta
• kushaya simba
• kupindwa nechando
• kusanzwisisika kuonda
• kutemwa nemusoro
• ganda rakachenuruka

Kuedzwa kweFLT3 shanduko

Iyo Koreji yeAmerican Pathologists uye iyo American Society yeHematology inokurudzira kuti munhu wese anoonekwa aine AML aongororwe iyo FLT3 gene mutation.

Chiremba wako achakuedza mune imwe yenzira mbiri:

• Ropa bvunzo: Ropa rinotorwa kubva mutsinga iri muruoko rwako yoendeswa kubazi.
• Bone mongo chishuwo: Tsono inoiswa mupfupa rako. Tsono inobvisa hushoma hwemvura yemongo.

Ropa kana pfupa remongo wemafuta rinozoedzwa kuti uone kana iwe uine iyo FLT3 mutation mumasero ako eleukemia. Uyu muedzo ucharatidza kana iwe uri mukwikwidzi akanaka wemishonga inonyatsonanga rudzi urwu rwe AML

Kurapa kweFLT3 mutation

Kusvikira nguva pfupi yadarika, vanhu vane iyo FLT3 mutation vainyanya kurapwa ne chemotherapy, iyo yanga isinganyatsobudirira pakuvandudza mwero wekupona. Boka idzva remishonga inonzi FLT3 inhibitors iri kuvandudza maonero evanhu vane shanduko.

Midostaurin (Rydapt) ndiyo yekutanga mishonga yakatenderwa FLT3, uye mushonga wekutanga mutsva wakabvumidzwa kurapa AML mumakore makumi mana. Vanachiremba vanopa Rydapt pamwechete nemakemikari mishonga yakadai se cytarabine uye daunorubicin.

Iwe unotora Rydapt nemuromo kaviri pazuva. Inoshanda nekudzivirira FLT3 uye mamwe mapuroteni pane maseru eukemia anovabatsira kukura.

Kuongororwa kwevanhu mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe nenomwe vaine gene reFLT3 rakaburitswa muThe New England Journal yeMishonga vakatarisa mhedzisiro yekurapwa nemushonga mutsva uyu. Vatsvagiri vakaona kuti kuwedzera Rydapt kune chemotherapy kupona kwenguva yakareba zvichienzaniswa neasingaite kurapwa (placebo) pamwe nekemotherapy.

Makore mana ekupona mwero aive makumi mashanu neshanu muzana pakati pevanhu vakatora Rydapt, zvichienzaniswa neanopfuura makumi mana chete muzana muzana muboka re placebo. Ivhareji urefu hwekupona hwaive makore anopfuura matanhatu muboka rekurapa, maringe kupfuura anopfuura makore maviri muboka re placebo.

Rydapt inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro senge:

• fever uye masero machena eropa (febrile neutropenia)
• kusvotwa
• kurutsa
• maronda kana kutsvuka mumuromo
• kutemwa nemusoro
• mhasuru kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa
• mavanga
• mhino dzemhino
• huwandu hweshuga yeropa

Chiremba wako anokucherechedza iwe nezvemhedzisiro iwe pauri pane uyu mushonga, uye anokupa iwe kurapwa kuti ubatsire kuzvibata.

Mamwe mashoma maFLT3 inhibitors achiri mumakiriniki ekuedzwa kuti aone kana achishanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• crenolanib
• gilteritinib
• quizartinib

Vatsvagiri vari kudzidza zvakare kuti stem cell transplant mushure mekurapwa neFLT3 inhibitor inogona kudzora mukana wekenza kudzoka. Vari kutarisawo kuti kusanganiswa kwakasiyana kwemishonga kunogona kushanda zvakanyanya kune vanhu vane shanduko iyi.

Tora woenda nazvo

Kuve neiyo FLT3 shanduko kana uine AML yaimboreva kureva kuva nehurombo mhedzisiro. Zvino, zvinodhaka senge Rydapt zviri kubatsira kugadzirisa maonero. Mishonga mitsva uye kusanganiswa kwemishonga kunogona kuwedzera kupona zvakatonyanya mumakore anotevera.

Kana iwe ukabatwa uine AML, chiremba wako anoedza kenza yako yeFLT3 uye mamwe magene ekuchinja. Kuziva zvakanyanya sezvinobvira nezve bundu rako kunobatsira chiremba wako kuti awane mushonga unoshanda kwazvo kwauri.