Capillaries neMabasa Avo

Zvemukati

• Ndeapi mabasa e capillaries?
• Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzem capillaries here?
• Inoenderera mberi capillaries
• Fenestrated capillaries
• Sinusoid capillaries
• Chii chinoitika kana capillaries ikasashanda mushe?
• Port waini maronda
• Petechiae
• Yakarongeka capillary leak syndrome
• Arteriovenous malformation chirwere
• Microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome
• Chinokosha

MaCapillaries midziyo midiki yeropa - idiki zvekuti sero tsvuku reropa rinogona kutadza kusvika pairi.

Ivo vanobatsira kubatanidza yako arteri uye tsinga mukuwedzera kune kufambisa shanduko yezvimwe zvinhu pakati peropa rako uye matishu.

Ndokusaka nyama dzinoshanda zvakanyanya, senge mhasuru dzako, chiropa, neitsvo, zvine ma capillaries akawanda. Zvishoma masetabolism anoshanda matissue, senge mamwe marudzi eanobatanidza matissue, haana akawanda.

Verenga pamusoro kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve mashandiro emakopillari uye mamiriro anogona kuvakanganisa.

Ndeapi mabasa e capillaries?

MaCapillaries anobatanidza arterial system - iyo inosanganisira iyo midziyo yeropa inotakura ropa kure nemoyo wako - kune yako venous system. Yako venous system inosanganisira iyo mitsipa yeropa inotakura ropa kudzokera kumoyo wako.

Iko kuchinjana kweoksijeni, zvinovaka muviri, uye marara pakati peropa rako nematukisi zvinoitikawo muma capillaries ako. Izvi zvinoitika kuburikidza nemaitiro maviri:

• Passive kupararira. Uku ndiko kufamba kwechinhu kubva kunzvimbo yemusorosoro kuenda kunzvimbo yekudzikira.
• Pinocytosis. Izvi zvinoreva maitiro ayo maseru emuviri wako anotora nemazvo mamorekuru madiki, akadai semafuta nemapuroteni.

Madziro e capillaries anoumbwa netete nhete yesero inonzi endothelium iyo yakakomberedzwa nehumwe hutete hutete hunonzi membrane yepasi.

Yadzo imwechete-endothelium yekuumbwa, iyo inosiyana pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzem capillaries, uye yakakomberedza basement membrane inoita capillaries zvishoma "leakier" kupfuura mamwe marudzi etsinga dzeropa. Izvi zvinobvumira okisijeni nemamwe mamorekuru kusvika kumasero emuviri wako nekureruka kukuru.

Pamusoro pezvo, masero machena eropa kubva muma immune system ako anogona kushandisa capillaries kusvika kunzvimbo dzehutachiona kana zvimwe zvinokuvadza.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzem capillaries here?

Kune matatu marudzi e capillaries. Imwe neimwe ine chimiro chakati siyanei chinobvumidza kushanda mune yakasarudzika nzira.

Inoenderera mberi capillaries

Aya ndiwo marudzi akajairika eiyo capillaries. Iwo ane zvipuka zvidiki pakati pemasero avo endothelial ayo anotendera zvinhu zvakaita semweya, mvura, shuga (glucose), uye mamwe mahormone kupfuura.

Iwo anoenderera mberi ma capillaries muuropi ndiwo akasarudzika, zvakadaro.

Aya ma capillari chikamu cheropa-chepfungwa chinodzivirira, icho chinobatsira kuchengetedza huropi hwako nekungobvumira izvo zvakakosha zvakanyanya zvinovaka muviri kuyambuka.

Ndosaka macapillaries anoramba aripo munzvimbo ino asina kana maburi pakati pemasero endothelial, uye membrane yavo yepasi yakatenderedza inewo mukobvu.

Fenestrated capillaries

Fenestrated capillaries ari "leakier" kupfuura enderera capillaries. Iwo ane ma pores madiki, kuwedzera kune maburi madiki pakati pemasero, mumadziro avo anotendera kuchinjana kwemamorekuru mahombe.

Rudzi urwu rwe capillary runowanikwa munzvimbo dzinoda kuchinjana kwakawanda pakati peropa rako nematukisi. Mienzaniso yenzvimbo idzi inosanganisira:

• ura hudiki, uko kunovakwa zvinovaka muviri kubva muchikafu
• itsvo, uko tsvina dzinosvinwa kubva muropa

Sinusoid capillaries

Idzi ndidzo dzinopararira uye "dzakanyorovesa" mhando ye capillary. Sinusoid capillaries inobvumidza kuchinjaniswa kwemamorekuru mahombe, kunyangwe masero. Ivo vanokwanisa kuita izvi nekuti vane maburi mazhinji akakura mumadziro avo e capillary, kuwedzera kune pores uye madiki maburi. Iyo yakapoteredza yepasi membrane haina kukwanawo nekuvhurika munzvimbo zhinji.

Aya marudzi e capillaries anowanikwa mune mamwe matishu, anosanganisira ayo echiropa chako, spleen, uye mwongo wemabhonzo.

Semuenzaniso, mumapfupa ako, aya ma capillaries anotendera maseru eropa achangoburwa kuti apinde muropa uye otanga kutenderera.

Chii chinoitika kana capillaries ikasashanda mushe?

Kunyange ma capillaries ari madiki kwazvo, chero chinhu chisina kujairika mukushanda kwavo chinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvinooneka kana kunyangwe zvakakomba mamiriro ekurapa.

Port waini maronda

Port waini matanga rudzi rweyekuzvarwa unokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwema capillari ari mune rako ganda. Kuwedzera uku kunokonzera kuti ganda riite sepingi kana rakatsvuka kuti piriviri, richipa mamiriro acho zita racho. Nekufamba kwenguva, vanogona kusviba muvara uye kuita matete.

Kunyangwe dzichienda dzichienda dzoga, zvinyoro zvewaini zvechiteshi hazvipararire kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Port waini matanga kazhinji haadi kurapwa, kunyangwe laser kurapwa inogona kubatsira kuti iite ireruke muvara.

Petechiae

Petechiae madiki, akatenderera mavara anoonekwa paganda. Dzinowanzoita saizi yepini yemusoro, dzinogona kuve dzakatsvuka kana dzepepuru muvara, uye dzakatsetseka mukati meganda. Izvo zvinoitika kana capillaries ichidonhedza ropa mukati meganda. Hazvivhenekera muvara kana kumanikidzwa kunoiswa pamusoro pavo.

Petechiae anowanzo kuve chiratidzo chemamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira:

• zvirwere zvinotapukira, senge scarlet fever, meningococcal chirwere, uye Rocky Mountain yakaonekwa nefivha
• kushungurudzika kubva pakumomotera uchirutsa kana kukosora
• leukemia
• scurvy
• yakadzika maplatelet mazinga

Mimwe mishonga, kusanganisira penicillin, inogona zvakare kukonzera petechiae senge mhedzisiro.

Yakarongeka capillary leak syndrome

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) chinhu chisingawanzoitika chisina chikonzero chakajeka. Asi nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti zvinogona kunge zvine chekuita nechinhu chiri muropa chinokuvadza capillary madziro.

Vanhu vane SCLS vanorwadzwazve kakawanda panguva iyo BP yavo inodonha nekukurumidza. Uku kurwisa kunogona kuva kwakakomba uye kunoda kurapwa kwenjodzi.

Uku kurwisa kunowanzo kuperekedzwa nezvimwe zvekutanga zviratidzo zvekunyevera, zvinosanganisira:

• kuzara mumhino
• kukosora
• kusvotwa
• musoro
• marwadzo emudumbu
• musoro wakareruka
• kuzvimba mumaoko nemakumbo
• kufenda

SCLS inowanzo kurapwa nemishonga inobatsira kudzivirira idzi kurwiswa kuti zvisaitike.

Arteriovenous malformation chirwere

Vanhu vane arteriovenous malformation syndrome (AVM) vane tangle isina kujairika yetsinga uye tsinga dzakabatana kune imwe pasina capillaries pakati. Aya tangles anogona kuitika chero kupi mumuviri, asi anowanzo kuwanikwa muuropi uye musana.

Izvi zvinogona kukonzera maronda anokanganisa kuyerera kweropa uye kuendesa oksijeni. Aya maronda anogona zvakare kukonzera kubuda kweropa mukati mematunhu akakomberedza.

AVM kazhinji haina kukonzera zviratidzo, saka kazhinji inongowanikwa chete apo ichiedza kuongorora imwe mamiriro. Nekudaro, mune dzimwe nguva, zvinogona kukonzera:

• kutemwa nemusoro
• kurwadziwa
• kushaya simba
• inobata nekuona, kutaura, kana kufamba
• pfari

AVM chinhu chisingawanzoitika chinowanzovapo panguva yekuzvarwa. Kurapa kazhinji kunosanganisira kubvisa kuvhiya kana kuvhara iyo AVM lesion. Mishonga inogona kubatsirawo kugadzirisa zviratidzo, sekurwadziwa kana kutemwa nemusoro.

Microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome

Microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome chinhu chisingawanzoitika majini anotanga asati azvarwa.

Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vane misoro midiki uye pfungwa. Iwo zvakare akawedzera capillaries iyo inowedzera kuyerera kweropa padyo neganda pamusoro, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kupenya mavara akatsvuka paganda.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kunonoka kukura kwekuvandudza
• pfari
• kunetseka kudya
• kufamba zvisina kujairika
• zvakasarudzika kumeso maficha, ayo anogona kusanganisira akatsvedza pahuma, yakatenderera kumeso, uye zvisina kujairika bvudzi kukura
• kunonoka kukura
• mupfupi kana mudiki
• zvigunwe nezvigunwe zvisina kujairika, kusanganisira zvipikiri zvidiki kana zvisipo

Microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome inokonzerwa nekuchinja mune rimwe geni inonzi iyo STAMBP geni. Kuchinja kune iri geni kunogona kukonzera maseru kufa panguva yekuvandudza, zvichikanganisa kuita kwese kwekuvandudza.

Kurapa kwechiitiko ichi kunogona kusanganisira kukurudzira - kunyanya kuburikidza neruzha uye kubata - kusimudzira kuti urambe wakamira, uye anticonvulsant mishonga yekurapa yekutarisira kwekugwinha.

Chinokosha

MaCapillaries idiki midziyo yeropa iyo inoita basa rakakura mukugadzirisa kuchinjaniswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana pakati peropa rako nematukisi. Kune akati wandei marudzi e capillaries, imwe neimwe iine chimiro chakati siyanei uye mashandiro.