Zvese Nezve Gallbladder Cancer

Zvemukati

• Mhedziso
• Zvinokonzera kenza yenduru
• Njodzi zvinhu
• Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvegomarara reguranda
• Kuongororwa uye kuratidzwa kwegomarara reguranda
• Kurapa kwekenza yegurbladder
• Maonero
• Kudzivirira kenza yegunduru

Mhedziso

Nduru yako ingori diki yesaga-senge nhengo inosvika 3 inches kure uye 1 inch upamhi iyo inogara pasi pechiropa chako. Basa rayo nderekuchengeta bile, inova fluid inoitwa nechiropa chako. Mushure mekuchengetwa mudunduru rako, bile rinoburitswa mudumbu rako diki kuti ubatsire kugaya chikafu.

Gomarara reGallbladder kashoma. Maererano neAmerican Cancer Society (ACS):

• Vanopfuura vanhu zviuru gumi nezviviri muUnited States vanogashira kuongororwa muna2019.
• Inenge nguva dzose adenocarcinoma, iri mhando yegomarara inotangira mumasero eglandular mumutsara wenhengo dzako.

Zvinokonzera kenza yenduru

Vanachiremba havazive chaizvo chinokonzeresa gomarara redundira. Ivo vanoziva kuti, sekenza yese, kukanganisa, kunozivikanwa sekuchinja, muDNA yemunhu kunokonzeresa kukura kusingadzoreke nekukurumidza kwemasero.

Sezvo huwandu hwemasero hunokurumidza kuwedzera, hombe, kana bundu, mafomu. Kana ikasarapwa, maseru aya anozopedzisira apararira muzvinyama zviri padyo uye kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri.

Pane zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinowedzera mikana yegomarara redundiro. Mazhinji acho ane hukama nekureba kwenguva refu nduru kuzvimba.

Kuva nezvinhu izvi zvine njodzi hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara. Zvinongoreva kuti mikana yako yekuiwana inogona kunge iri pamusoro pane mumwe munhu asina njodzi.

Njodzi zvinhu

Matombo eguruva zvidiki zvidiki zvezvinhu zvakaomeswa izvo zvinoumba mune yako nduru kana bile rako riine cholesterol yakawandisa kana bilirubin - pigment inogadzirwa kana masero matsvuku eropa achiputsika.

Kana nduru dzichivhara nzira - inonzi bile ducts - kunze kweguruva kana muchiropa chako, nduru yako inopfuta. Izvi zvinonzi cholecystitis, uye inogona kuve yakaoma kana kwenguva refu, dambudziko risingaperi.

Kurwara kwenguva refu kubva cholecystitis ndiyo yakanyanya njodzi njodzi yekenza yegurbladder. Sekureva kweAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), maturu anowanikwa mu75 kusvika 90 muzana yevanhu vane gomarara regunduru.

Asi zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti nduru dzakajairika uye kuva nadzo hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara. Sekureva kweASCO, vanodarika makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana muzana yevanhu vane nduru havawani gomarara redunduru.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa nenjodzi yekenza yegurbladder ndeiyi:

• Porcelain nduru. Apa ndipo apo nduru yako inoita kunge chena, kunge porcelain, nekuti madziro ayo akaverengerwa. Izvi zvinogona kuitika mushure mekurwara cholecystitis, uye inosangana nekuzvimba.
• Gallbladder polyps. Chete ingangoita zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvezvidiki izvi mudumbu rako rine gomarara.
• Zvepabonde. Sekureva kweACS, vakadzi vanowana gomarara redundiro kanokwana kana kana kazhinji pane varume.
• Zera. Gomarara redundiro rinowanzo bata vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu. Paavhareji, vanhu vane makumi manomwe nemaviri kana vachinge vaona kuti vanaro.
• Dzinza. MuUnited States, maLatin America, maNative America, nemaMexico vane njodzi yakanyanya yegomarara redunduru.
• Matambudziko emigwagwa yakawanda. Mamiriro ezvinhu ari mundiro dze bile dzinodzivirira kuyerera kwe bile zvinogona kukonzera kuti idzokere muguruva. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuzvimba, izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yegomarara redunduru.
• Chikuru sclerosing cholangitis. Kupararira uko kunovapo nekuda kwekuzvimba kweiyo bile ducts kunowedzera mukana wako we bile bile uye gomarara renduru.
• Dutuivhu.Salmonella mabhakitiriya anokonzera typhoid. Vanhu vane chirwere chisingaperi, chenguva refu vane kana vasina zviratidzo vane njodzi yakakwira yegomarara redunduru.
• Nhengo dzemhuri dzine kenza yegunduru. Ngozi yako inokwira zvishoma kana paine nhoroondo yazvo mumhuri yako.

Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvegomarara reguranda

Zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvegomarara regurbladder hazviwanzo kuoneka kusvikira chirwere chanyanya. Ndicho chikonzero, kazhinji, chakatopararira kunhengo dziri padyo uye lymph node kana kufamba kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri wako kana wawanikwa.

Kana zvikaitika, zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kurwadziwa mudumbu, kazhinji muchikamu chepamusoro kurudyi chedumbu rako
• jaundice, inova yero yeganda rako uye machena eziso rako nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakakwira dzebilirubin kubva pakuvhiringidzwa kwenzara dzako
• dumbu rakaputika, iro rinoitika kana nduru yako ichiwedzera nekuda kwekuvharika bile ducts kana kenza inopararira kuchiropa chako uye mapundu anogadzirwa mudumbu rako repamusoro kurudyi
• kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• kuonda
• kupindwa nechando
• dumbu kudumbuka
• weti yakasviba

Kuongororwa uye kuratidzwa kwegomarara reguranda

Dzimwe nguva, gomarara renduru rinowanikwa netsaona mune nduru yakabviswa kune cholecystitis kana chimwe chikonzero. Asi kazhinji, chiremba wako achamhanya nemiedzo yekuongorora nekuti waive nezviratidzo zvichioneka.

Miedzo inogona kushandiswa kuongorora, nhanho, uye kuronga kurapwa kwekenza yegurbladder inosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kweropa. Chiropa chebasa bvunzo dzinoratidza kuti chiropa chako, nduru, uye bile ducts zviri kushanda zvakadii uye zvinopa humbowo nezve izvo zviri kukonzera zviratidzo zvako.
• Ultrasound. Mifananidzo yeyako nduru uye chiropa zvinogadzirwa kubva pamafungu ezwi. Iyo yakapusa, yakapusa-kuita-bvunzo iyo inowanzoitwa pamberi pevamwe.
• CT scan. Mifananidzo yacho inoratidza nduru yako nenhengo dzakatenderedza.
• MRI scan. Mifananidzo yacho inoratidza zvakadzama kupfuura mimwe miedzo.
• Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC). Iyi iX-ray inotorwa mushure mekunge dhayi yakajowa iyo inoratidza kuvharika mune yako bile ducts kana chiropa.
• Endoscopic kudzokorora cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Muchiyero ichi, chubhu yakabatidzwa ine kamera, inozivikanwa seye endoscope, inoiswa kuburikidza nemuromo wako uye ndokufambira mberi kuenda kuura hwako hudiki. Dhayi inozojowa kuburikidza netubhu diki inoiswa mune yako bile duct uye X-ray inotorwa kuti itarise yakavharirwa bile ducts.
• Biopsy. Chidimbu chebundu chinobviswa uye chinotariswa pasi pe microscope kuratidza chirwere chegomarara.

Cancer staging inokuudza kana uye uko kenza yapararira kunze kweguruva rako. Inoshandiswa navanachiremba kusarudza nezverakanakisa nzira yekurapa uye kuona mhedzisiro.

Gomarara reGallbladder rakaiswa pachishandiswa American Joint Committee yeCancer TNM staging system. Chiyero chinobva pa0 kusvika pa4 zvichibva nekuti gomarara rakura kusvika paguruva redunduru uye kuti rapararira zvakadii.

Stage 0 zvinoreva kuti masero asina kujairika haana kupararira kubva kwaakatanga kugadzira - anonzi carcinoma in situ. Mamota mahombe anopararira kunhengo dziri padyo uye chero bundu rakapararira, kana metastasized, kumativi ari kure emuviri wako idanho rechina.

Rumwe ruzivo nezve kupararira kwegomarara rwunopihwa neTNM:

• T (tumarara) - inoratidza kuti gomarara rakura sei kusvika paguruva regirazi
• N (nodes): inoratidza kupararira kune lymph nodes pedyo negurbladder yako
• M (metastasis): inoratidza kupararira kunzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri

Kurapa kwekenza yegurbladder

Kuvhiya kunogona kurapa kenza yegunduru, asi kenza yese inofanira kubviswa. Iyi ingori sarudzo chete kana kenza yawanikwa kare, isati yapararira kunhengo dziri pedyo nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Nehurombo, huwandu kubva kuAACS hunoratidza chete mumwe chete muvashanu vanhu vanowana kuongororwa kenza isati yapararira.

Chemotherapy uye radiation zvinowanzoshandiswa kuverengera kuti kenza yese yapera mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Inoshandiswawo kurapa kenza yegunduru isingagone kubviswa. Haikwanise kurapa kenza asi inogona kurebesa hupenyu uye kurapa zviratidzo.

Kana gomarara regurbladder richifambira mberi, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa kugadzirisa zviratidzo. Uku ndiko kunodaidzwa kutarisirwa. Dzimwe mhando dzekutarisira kwakanaka dzinogona kusanganisira:

• mishonga inorwadza
• kusvotwa mishonga
• okisijeni
• kuisa chubhu, kana kuti stent, mune dhayeti ye bile kuitira kuti igare yakavhurika kuitira kuti igone kudhonza

Kuchengetedza kwepamoyo kunoshandiswa zvakare kana kuvhiya kusingagone kuitwa nekuti munhu haana hutano zvakakwana.

Maonero

Maonero ekenza yenduru inoenderana nedanho. Kenza yekutanga-padanho ine maonero ari nani kupfuura gomarara repamberi.

Makore mashanu ekupona mwero anoreva chikamu chevanhu vane mamiriro ari kurarama makore mashanu mushure mekuongororwa. Paavhareji, makore mashanu ekupona mwero kumatanho ese ekenza yenduru ndeye 19 muzana.

Sekureva kweASCO, makore mashanu ekupona kwecancer yegurbladder nedanho ndeiyi:

• 80 muzana yecarcinoma in situ (danho 0)
• 50 muzana yekenza yakavharirwa kune nduru (nhanho 1)
• 8 muzana yekenza inopararira kune lymph nodes (danho 3)
• pasi pe4 muzana yekenza ine metastasized (nhanho 4)

Kudzivirira kenza yegunduru

Nekuti mazhinji ezviitiko zvine njodzi, senge zera uye dzinza, hazvigone kuchinjwa, gomarara redunduru harigone kudzivirirwa. Zvisinei, kuva nemararamiro ane hutano kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi yako. Mamwe matipi ehupenyu hwakanaka anogona kusanganisira:

• Kuchengeta huremu hune hutano. Ichi chikamu chakakura chehupenyu hwakanaka uye imwe yenzira huru dzekudzora njodzi yako yekuwana marudzi mazhinji egomarara, kusanganisira gomarara renduru.
• Kudya kudya kunovaka muviri. Kudya michero nemiriwo kunogona kubatsira kukurudzira immune system yako uye kubatsira kudzivirira kubva pakurwara. Kudya zviyo zvakakwana panzvimbo pezviyo zvakanatswa uye kudzikamisa chikafu chakagadziriswa zvinogona zvakare kukubatsira iwe kugara uine hutano.
• Kudzidzira. Zvakanakira kurovedza muviri zvine mwero zvinosanganisira kusvika nekuchengetedza huremu hune hutano nekusimbisa immune system yako.