Hutano Hwehutano Reform: Zvinodiwa Nevakadzi Kuziva

Zvemukati

• Ongororo ye

Mushure memakore ekunetsana, iyo Affordable Care Act yakazopfuura muna 2010. Sezvineiwo pachine matani ekuvhiringika kuti zvinorevei chaizvo kwauri. Uye nezvimwe zvirimo zvakatotanga muna Nyamavhuvhu 1, 2012, uye zvimwe zvese zvakatemerwa kutanga naJanuary 1, 2014, ino ndiyo nguva yekuzviziva. Neraki, inyaya zhinji dzakanaka dzese.

Inishuwarenzi Inochinjana

Zvekuziva: Hurumende inoti nyika "inishuwarenzi inotsinhana" inofanirwa kunge yakavhurwa bhizinesi panosvika Gumiguru 1, 2013. Inozivikanwawo misika yehurumende, idzi kuchinjana ndipo panowanikwa vanhu vasina inishuwarenzi kuburikidza nebasa ravo kana hurumende inogona kutenga inodhura care. Nyika dzinogona kumisikidza yavo yekuchinjana uye nekumisikidza mitemo yevanotora chikamu inishuwarenzi vanopa, kana kurega hurumende ichimisikidza kuchinjisa uye kuitisa zvinoenderana nemubatanidzwa. Izvi zvinotungamira mukusiyana kubva kuhurumende kuenda kune imwe nyika muzvinhu zvakasiyana sekunge kubvisa nhumbu kunogona kuvharwa neinishuwarenzi. Iyo nyowani yekuvhara ichatanga Ndira 1, 2014, uye haina mhedzisiro kune vanhu vane zvakavanzika inishuwarenzi.

Zvekuita: Nyika zhinji dzakatofunga kana vachizogadzira kuchinjisa kwavo, saka kana iwe usina kuvimbiswa, tsvaga mamiriro kwaunogara. Kutanga nekutarisa iri nyore-kushandisa mepu yehurumende, yakagadziridzwa vhiki nevhiki, iyo inoratidza iwo anozivikanwa ruzivo rweese nyika chirongwa. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama, tarisa iyi runyorwa rwemasevhisi anopihwa nenyika yega yega.

Mutero Wechirango Wakagovaniswa (Individual Mandate)

Zvaunofanira kuziva: Kutanga nemitero yako ya2013, uchafanirwa kuzivisa pamafomu ako emitero kwaunowana inishuwarenzi yako yehutano kubva, kusanganisira kambani uye nhamba yako yepolicy kuti ionekwe. Kutanga muna 2014, vanhu vasina inishuwarenzi vanofanirwa kubhadhara faindi inozivikanwa se "yakagovaniswa mutero kubhadhara" kuitira kudzivirira vanhu kubva kumirira kusvikira varwara kutsvaga inishuwarenzi kana kuvimba nekubhadhara nhengo kuti vabhadhare mari yavo yekukurumidzira. Pakutanga faindi inotanga padiki, pamadhora makumi mapfumbamwe, uye kukwira kusvika pamadhora 695 kana 2.5% yemari yose yemhuri (chero iri hombe) panosvika 2016. Kunyange mutero uchiongororwa pagore, unogona kubhadhara mwedzi wega wega pairi gore rese.

Zvekuita: Vazhinji vezvemitemo vanoti kune zvakawanda zvekuregererwa kune chikamu chinokakavadzana cheAffordable Care Act, saka kana iwe usati wava neinishuwarenzi yehutano, tanga kuongorora zvaungasarudza. (Matunhu mazhinji ane rumwe ruzivo rwakatowanikwa pane mawebhusaiti avo.) Kana iwe uchinzwa sekuti haugone kubhadhara mutero wechirango, tanga kunyorera kuti usabhadharwe uye utarise kuti uone kana uchikodzera kupihwa rubatsiro rwehutano (vanhu vazhinji vanozo be). Uye kana iwe usingade kutenga inishuwarenzi, tanga kusevha kumusoro kuti ubhadhare mari yechirango saka hazvizoshamise iwe kuti uuye nguva yemutero.

Hapasisinazve Chirango "Chechikadzi"

Chii chaunofanira kuziva: Munguva yakapfuura, mari yeinishuwarenzi yehutano yevakadzi yakadhura kupfuura yevanhurume, asi nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwehutano, ikozvino chero chirongwa chakatengwa pamusika wakashama (verenga: kuburikidza nekuchinjana kwenyika kana hurumende yemubatanidzwa) inodikanwa kubhadharisa iyo chiyero chakafanana kune vese vakomana.

Zvekuita: Tarisa neinsurer yako yazvino kuti uone kana vari kukubhadharisa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemukadzi wako. Tarisa mutemo wako kuti uone kana iwe uchibhadhara zvimwe zvebasa rakadai sekuchengetwa kwevabereki uye kushanya kweOBGYN kupfuura izvo zviri kupihwa nehurumende. Kana zvirizvo, zvingave zvakakosha kuchinjira kune imwe yezvirongwa zvitsva zvakavhurwa.

Mandated Maternity uye Newborn Care

Zvaunofanira kuziva: Kuchengetwa kweMaternity muAmerica kwagara kuchichinja uye kuchishungurudza kana zvasvika pakuvharwa kweinishuwarenzi, zvichikonzera kufara kwevakadzi vazhinji kuona mitsetse miviri pabvunzo yekuzvitakura kuti vakurumidze kuvhunduka nezvekuti achabhadhara sei kuchengeta mwana. Vakadzi vanogona kunetseka zvishoma ikozvino kuti zvirongwa zvese zvemusika wakavhurika zvinofanirwa kuvhara "gumi zvakakosha zvehutano zvinobatsira" kumunhu wese, kusanganisira kusununguka nekuchengetwa kwevachangozvarwa, pamwe nekuwedzera kuvharirwa kwevana.

Zvekuita: Kana iwe uri kuronga kuve nemwana munguva pfupi, enzanisa yako yazvino mutemo mutengo uye mabhenefiti kune avo nyika yako ichave iri kupa. Zvirongwa zvemusika wakavhurika zvinopa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuvhara, uye nepo zvimwe zvinhu (sekudzora kuzvara) zvinorairwa kuti zvifukidzwe nezana muzana, kwete zvinhu zvese (sekushanya kwehofisi) ndizvo. Sarudza hurongwa huchafukidza zvinhu zvaunoshandisa zvakanyanya. Kunyange kana usiri kuronga nezvemwana asi uri mumakore ako epamusoro ekubereka, zvingave zvakachipa kutenga chirongwa chemusika wakavhurika.

Yemahara Kuberekwa Kudzora

Zvokuziva: Mutungamiri Obama akaraira gore rapfuura kuti nzira dzese dzekudzivirira pamuviri dzakatenderwa neFood and Drug Administration-kusanganisira mapiritsi, zvigamba, maIUDs, uye kunyangwe dzimwe nzira dzekubereka-dzinofanirwa kuvharwa nezvirongwa zvese zveinishuwarenzi pasina muripo kune avo vane inishuwarenzi. Uye nekuda kwedzokororo dzezvinozvino pamutemo, kana uchishandira mushandirwi wechitendero kana kuenda kuchikoro chechitendero chinorambidza kudzivirira kubata pamuviri, uchiri kukwanisa kuwana yako yekudzivirira kuzvara mahara kubva kuhurumende yenyika.

Zvekuita: Iye zvino unogona kusarudza nzira yekudzivirira kubata pamuviri inoshanda zvakanyanya kumuviri wako pasina kunetseka nezvekuputsa bhangi. Semuenzaniso, maIUDs (emukati-uterine zvishandiso seMirena kana Paraguard) inoonekwa senzira inoshanda kwazvo yekudzivirira kuberekwa Kunyange hazvo chirongwa ichi chakatanga kushanda Nyamavhuvhu 1, 2012, kusvika gore ra2014, zvinongoshanda chete kuvakadzi vane inishuwarenzi vari voga avo zvirongwa zvavo zvakatanga mushure mezuva iri. Kana chirongwa chako chekambani chakatanga kusati kwatemwa, ungangomirira kusvika gore usati wawana mabhenefiti. Mukadzi wese anofanirwa kutanga kugamuchira kudzora kuzvara pasina copay panosvika Ndira 1, 2014.

Preventative Health Care Zvakananga kuMadzimai

Zvaunofanira kuziva: Parizvino mainshuwarenzi anosiyana pahuwandu hwekuchengetedzwa kwekudzivirira (kureva kuti, hutano hwakapihwa kubvisa chirwere pane kurapa imwe) chakavharwa uye zvakadii zvakafukidzwa -kutyisidzira sezvo vezvekurapa vachibvumirana kuti kutora matanho akakodzera ekudzivirira kungave kwakanyanya kukosha chinhu chatinogona kuita kune hutano. Idzo nyowani dzekuvandudza kwehutano shanduko dzinoraira kuti nzira sere dzekudzivirira dzifukidzwe pasina muripo kune vakadzi vese:

• Kushanya kwemukadzi-zvakanaka (kutanga nekushanya kwegore kune chiremba wako mukuru kana OB-GYN uyezve kumwe kushanya kwekutevera kana chiremba wako achiona zvakakodzera)
• Gestational chirwere cheshuga kuongorora
• HPV DNA kuyedza
• STI counselling
• Kuongororwa HIV nekupangwa mazano
• Zvekudzivirira kubata pamuviri uye kuraira nezvekudzivirira
• Tsigiro yekuyamwisa, zvekushandisa, nekupanga mazano
• Kushamwaridzana kwevanhu uye mudzimba kuongorora uye kuraira

Zvinhu zvakaita semammograms, kenza yemuromo wechibereko, uye kumwe kuongorora kwechirwere kwete pachinyorwa kuchafukidzwa pasi pezhinji asi kwete zvese zvirongwa. Hutano hwepfungwa uye kushandisa zvisina kufanira kuongororwa uye kurapwa hazvina kunangana nevakadzi asi zvakare zvakasununguka pasi pezvinhu zvitsva.

Zvekuita: Tora mukana uyu uye uve nechokwadi chekuti unogara pamusoro pekuongororwa kwegore negore nekumwe kushanya. Sezvakaita nehutachiona hwekuzvarwa, chiyero ichi chakatanga zviri pamutemo Nyamavhuvhu 1, 2012, asi kunze kwekunge iwe uine yakazvimiririra inishuwarenzi mutemo wakatanga mushure mezuva irori, haungaone mabhenefiti kusvikira iwe wave nechirongwa chegore kana kutanga Ndira 1, 2014.

Kana Iwe Uchigona Kubhadhara, Iwe Unovharwa

Chii chaunofanira kuziva: Mamiriro-akange aripo akadai sekuzvarwa nekuremara kana chirwere chisingaperi chakagara chakachengetedza vakadzi vazhinji kubva mukuchengetedzwa zvakanaka. Nekuda kwechimwe chinhu chausina simba pamusoro pacho (asi chakaita kuti udhure kuvhara), wakarambidzwa kutora chikamu muzvirongwa zvevashandirwi kana kumanikidzwa kutenga chirongwa chinodhura zvakanyanya. Uye denga rinokubatsira kana iwe wakarasikirwa neinishuwarenzi kufukidza nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero. Iye zvino iyi inyaya yemusoro, sekuvandudzwa kutsva kunoraira kuti chero munhu anogona kubhadhara mutemo mumusika wakashama anozvikwanisa. Pamusoro pezvo hapasisina miganho yehupenyu pane inishuwarenzi, saka haugone "kupererwa" kana iwe uchizoguma wave kuda kutarisirwa kwakanyanya, uye haufanire kunetseka nezvekudzingwa painishuwarenzi kana uchida kurapwa kunodhura (aka kudzokororwa) .

Zvekuita: Kana iwe parizvino uine mamiriro anoita kuti hutano hudhure kana kukurambidza iwe, tarisa kuti uone kana uchikodzera kune federal aid zvirongwa sezvo mari yakawanda iri kuvhurwa kuti ivhare rudzi urwu rwemamiriro. Wobva waona izvo zvaunowana kwauri padanho rehurumende.

Ongororo ye