Chii chinonzi Hemostasis uye kuti zvinoitika sei

Zvemukati

• Iyo hemostasis inoitika
• 1. Primary hemostasis
• 2. Secondary hemostasis
• 3. Fibrinolisisi
• Maitiro ekuziva shanduko muheestasis

Hemostasis inowirirana nhevedzano yezvinoitika zvinoitika mukati memitsipa yeropa inovavarira kuchengetedza iro ropa reropa, pasina kuumbwa kwemagodo kana kubuda ropa.

Chaizvoizvo, hemostasis inoitika mumatanho matatu anoitika nenzira inokurumidza uye yakarongeka uye inonyanya kusanganisira maplatelet nemapuroteni anoona nezve coagulation uye fibrinolysis.

Iyo hemostasis inoitika

Hemostasis inoitika zvine mutsindo mumatanho matatu anoenderana uye anoitika panguva imwe chete.

1. Primary hemostasis

Hemostasis inotanga nekukurumidza apo iro reropa rinokuvara. Mukupindura kwekukuvara, vasoconstriction yemudziyo wakakuvara unoitika kuitira kudzikira kuyerera kweropa remuno uye nekudaro kudzivirira kubuda kweropa kana thrombosis.

Panguva imwecheteyo, maplatelet anovhurwa uye anonamatira kumudziyo endothelium achishandisa von Willebrand factor. Ipapo maplatelet anochinja chimiro chavo kuti vagone kuburitsa zvirimo zvavo muplasma, iyo ine basa rekutora mamwe maplatelet kunzvimbo yeironda, uye wotanga kunamatira kune mumwe nemumwe, vachigadzira iyo yekutanga platelet plug, iyo ine chenguva pfupi. kushanda.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve maplatelet uye avo mashandiro.

2. Secondary hemostasis

Panguva imwechete seyekutanga hemostasis inoitika, iyo coagulation cascade inoitwa, zvichikonzera mapuroteni anoona nezve coagulation kuitiswa. Nekuda kweiyo coagulation cascade, fibrin mafomu, ayo ane basa rekusimbisa yekutanga platelet plug, ichiita kuti igadzikane.

Coagulation zvinhu mapuroteni anotenderera muropa mune ayo asingaite fomu, asi akaomeswa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemuviri uye ave nechinangwa chavo chekupedzisira kushandurwa kwefibrinogen kuita fibrin, inova yakakosha mukumira kweropa.

3. Fibrinolisisi

Fibrinolysis inhanho yechitatu yeheestasis uye inosanganisira maitiro ekuparadza zvishoma nezvishoma hemostatic plug yekudzorera yakajairika kuyerera kweropa. Maitiro aya anopindirana neplasmin, inova puroteni inotorwa kubva kuplasminogen uye basa rayo kudzikisira fibrin.

Maitiro ekuziva shanduko muheestasis

Shanduko muheestasis inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nehumwe kuongororwa kweropa, senge:

• Kubuda ropa nguva (TS): Muedzo uyu unosanganisira kutarisa nguva iyo hemostasis inoitika uye inogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekaburi kadiki munzeve, semuenzaniso. Kubudikidza nemhedzisiro yenguva yekubuda ropa, zvinokwanisika kuongorora yekutanga heestasis, ndiko kuti, kana iwo mahwendefa ane basa rakaringana. Kunyangwe iri muyedzo unoshandiswa zvakanyanya, maitiro aya anogona kukonzera kusagadzikana, kunyanya muvana, sezvo zvichidikanwa kuti uite kaburi kadiki munzeve uye iine kuwirirana kwakaderera nemabatiro ekubuda ropa kwemunhu;
• Platelet kuwanda bvunzo: Kuburikidza neiyi bvunzo, zvinokwanisika kuongorora iyo platelet kuwanda kugona, uye zvakare inobatsira senzira yekuongorora yekutanga heestasis. Maplatelet emunhu anooneswa kune zvakasiyana zvinhu zvinokwanisa kukonzera coagulation uye mhedzisiro inogona kucherechedzwa mune chishandiso chinoyera mwero weplatelet kuwanda;
• Prothrombin nguva (TP): Bvunzo iyi inoongorora kugona kweropa kugwamba nekumutsiridza imwe yenzira mumubatanidzwa wecocagulation, iyo yekunze nzira. Nekudaro, inotarisa kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei ropa kuti igadzire yechipiri hemostatic plug. Nzwisisa kuti chii Prothrombin Nguva bvunzo uye kuti zvinoitwa sei;
• Yakagadziriswa Chikamu Chikamu Thromboplastin Nguva (APTT): Uyu muyedzo unoongororawo wechipiri hemostasis, zvisinei iyo inoongorora mashandiro ezve coagulation zvinhu zviripo munzira yemukati yeiyo coagulation cascade;
• Fibrinogen muyero: Bvunzo iyi inoitwa nechinangwa chekutarisa kana paine huwandu hwakakwana hwefibrinogen inogona kushandiswa kugadzira fibrin.

Pamusoro peiyi bvunzo, chiremba anogona kukurudzira vamwe, senge kuyerwa kwekugwamba, semuenzaniso, kuti zvikwanisike kuziva kana paine kushaikwa kwechero chinhu chinogwamba chinogona kukanganisa maitiro eheestasis.