Zvinorevei Kuva Heterozygous?

Zvemukati

• Heterozygous tsananguro
• Musiyano uripo pakati peheterozygous uye homozygous
• Heterozygous muenzaniso
• Kuzara kutonga
• Isina kukwana kutonga
• Codominance
• Heterozygous majini uye chirwere
• Chirwere cheHuntington
• Marfan's syndrome
• Yemhuri hypercholesterolemia
• Tora woenda nazvo

Heterozygous tsananguro

Majini ako akagadzirwa neDNA. Iyi DNA inopa rairo, iyo inosarudza hunhu hwakafanana neruvara rwebvudzi rako nerudzi reropa.

Kune akasiyana mavhezheni emajini. Shanduro yega yega inonzi allele. Kune jeni rega-rega, iwe unowana nhaka yezvibodzwa zviviri: imwe kubva kuna baba vako vekubereka uye imwe kubva kuna amai vako vokubereka. Pamwe chete, izvi zvese zvinonzi genotype.

Kana iwo maBhaibheri maviri akasiyana, iwe une heterozygous genotype yeiyo geni. Semuenzaniso, kuve heterozygous yebvudzi bvudzi kunogona kureva kuti iwe une imwechete yakamira yebvudzi dzvuku uye imwe chete yebvudzi rebhuruu.

Hukama huri pakati peareles maviri hunokanganisa hunhu hunoratidzwa. Inotarisawo hunhu hwauri mutakuri.

Ngationgororei kuti zvinorevei heterozygous uye nebasa rairi mune rako genetiki.

Musiyano uripo pakati peheterozygous uye homozygous

Iyo homozygous genotype inopesana neye heterozygous genotype.

Kana iwe uri homozygous kune rimwe geni, iwe wakagara nhaka maviri eakafanana maeleles. Zvinoreva kuti vabereki vako vekubereka vakapa zvakafanana zvakafanana.

Mune ino mamiriro, iwe unogona kuve uine akajairwa maeleles kana maviri mutated alleles. Akachinjika alleles anogona kukonzera chirwere uye anozokurukurwa gare gare. Izvi zvinokanganisawo hunhu hunoonekwa.

Heterozygous muenzaniso

Mune heterozygous genotype, iwo ma alleles maviri anowirirana. Izvi zvinotarisa kuti hunhu hwavo hunoratidzwa sei.

Kazhinji, kudyidzana uku kunoenderana nekutonga. Icho chirevo icho chakaratidzwa zvakanyanya chakadanwa chinonzi "chakakunda," nepo chimwe chinonzi "chakadzama." Izvi zvakawandisa zvakavharwa neakanyanya kutonga.

Zvichienderana nekuti majini akakurisa uye akawandisa anopindirana sei, heterozygous genotype inogona kusanganisira:

Kuzara kutonga

Mukutonga kuzere, iyo yepamusoro inonyatso kufukidza iyo yakawandisa. Kudzikama kwese hakuna kuratidzwa zvachose.

Mumwe muenzaniso ziso ziso, rinodzorwa nemageneti akati wandei. Izvo zvakasarudzika zvemeso e brown zvine mukurumbira kune iro remaziso ebhuruu. Kana iwe uine imwe yeimwe neimwe, unenge uine maziso ebrown.

Nekudaro, iwe uchine iyo yakawandisa yakanyarara yemaziso ebhuruu. Kana iwe uchiberekana nemumwe munhu ane zvakafanana allele, zvinokwanisika kuti mwana wako anenge aine bhuruu maziso.

Isina kukwana kutonga

Kutonga kusakwana kunowanikwa kana allele yepamusoro isingakunde iyo yakawandisa. Panzvimbo iyoyo, ivo vanobatana pamwechete, izvo zvinogadzira hunhu hwechitatu.

Rudzi urwu rwekutonga runowanzoonekwa mukugadzirwa kwebvudzi. Kana iwe uine imwe allele yebvudzi rakamonana uye imwe yebvudzi rakatwasuka, unenge uine wavy bvudzi. Iko kusimba kusanganiswa kwebvudzi rakamonana uye rakatwasuka.

Codominance

Codominance inoitika panomiririrwa madarese maviri panguva imwe chete. Izvo hazvibatanidze pamwechete, zvakadaro. Maitiro ese ari maviri anoratidzwa zvakaenzana.

Muenzaniso we codominance ndeye AB yeropa mhando. Mune ino kesi, iwe une imwechete inokwenenzverwa yerudzi A ropa uye imwe yerudzi B. Panzvimbo pekusanganisa nekugadzira yechitatu mhando, zvese zviri zviviri zvinogadzira zvese mhando dzeropa. Izvi zvinoguma nerudzi AB ropa.

Heterozygous majini uye chirwere

A mutated allele inogona kukonzera magene mamiriro. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti shanduko inochinja mashandisiro anoita DNA.

Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, iwo akachinjika allele anogona kuve akakurisa kana kuwedzeredza. Kana ichikunda, zvinoreva kuti chete kopi yakachinjika inodiwa kuti ikonzere chirwere. Ichi chinonzi "hosha huru" kana "hosha yakanyanya."

Kana iwe uri heterozygous yechirwere chakakurisa, une njodzi yakakura yekukudziridza. Kune rimwe divi, kana iwe uri heterozygous yekuchinja kwakawanda, haugone kuwana. Iyo yakajairika allele inotora uye iwe unongova mutakuri. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vana vako vanogona kuiwana.

Mienzaniso yezvirwere zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira:

Chirwere cheHuntington

Iyo gene yeHTT inogadzira huvhimi, puroteni inoenderana nemaseru etsinga muuropi. Shanduko mune iri geni inokonzeresa chirwere chaHuntington, chirwere cheeurodegenerative.

Sezvo iro geni rakachinjika riri pamusoro, munhu ane kopi imwe chete anozoita chirwere chaHuntington. Iyi inofambira mberi mamiriro ehuropi, ayo anowanzo kuratidza kumusoro mukukura, anogona kukonzera:

• mafambiro asina basa
• nyaya dzepfungwa
• kusaziva zvakanaka
• kunetseka kufamba, kutaura, kana kumedza

Marfan's syndrome

Marfan's syndrome inosanganisira inobatanidza nyama, iyo inopa simba uye chimiro kune zvimiro zvemuviri. Iyo genetic chirwere inogona kukonzera zviratidzo senge:

• isina kujairika yakakomberedzwa musana, kana scoliosis
• kuwandisa kweimwe ruoko uye mapfupa emakumbo
• pedyo-kuona
• matambudziko neorta, inova tsinga inounza ropa kubva pamoyo wako kuenda kune wese muviri wako

Marfan's syndrome inobatana nekuchinja kweiyo FBN1 geni. Zvekare, chinhu chimwe chete chakashandurwa chinodiwa kuti chikonzere mamiriro acho.

Yemhuri hypercholesterolemia

Inozivikanwa hypercholesterolemia (FH) inowanikwa mune heterozygous genotypes ine kopi yakashandurwa yeiyo APOB, LDLR, kana PCSK9 geni. Zvakajairika, zvinokanganisa vanhu.

FH inokonzeresa zvakanyanya LDL cholesterol mwero, izvo zvinowedzera mukana wecoronary arteri chirwere pazera diki.

Tora woenda nazvo

Paunenge uri heterozygous kune yakatarwa geni, zvinoreva kuti une maviri akasiyana mavhezheni eiyo geni. Iyo fomu ine simba inogona kuvhara zvachose iyo yakawandisa, kana ivo vanogona kusanganisa pamwechete. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ese maBhaibheri anoonekwa panguva imwe chete.

Majini maviri akasiyana anogona kubatana nenzira dzakasiyana. Hukama hwavo ndihwo hunodzora hunhu hwako, mhando yeropa, nehunhu hwese hunoita kuti uve zvauri.