Nhoroondo yeStroke

Zvemukati

• Kutsanangurwa kwekutanga kwesitiroko
• Stroke nhasi
• Nhoroondo yekurapa sitiroko
• Kufambira mberi mukurapa sitiroko
• Kurohwa Ischemic
• Kurohwa kweropa
• Kufambira mberi mukudzivirira sitiroko
• Kutora

Chii chinonzi sitiroko?

Sitiroko inogona kukuvadza chiitiko chekurapa. Zvinoitika kana ropa richiyerera kuenda pachikamu huropi hwako husina simba nekuda kweropa kana gazi rakatyoka reropa. Zvakawanda sekurwara kwemoyo, kushomeka kweropa-rakapfuma reropa kunogona kutungamira kurufu rwekufa.

Kana maseru ehuropi akatanga kufa nekuda kwekudzikira kweropa, zviratidzo zvinoitika muzvikamu zvemuviri zvinodzorwa nemaseru ehuropi. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushaya simba nekukasira, kuoma mitezo, uye kuvema kwechiso chako kana makumbo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanhu vanorwara nesitiroko vanogona kunetseka kufunga, kufamba, uye kunyange kufema.

Kutsanangurwa kwekutanga kwesitiroko

Kunyangwe vanachiremba vava kuziva izvo zvinokonzera uye zvinoreva sitiroko, mamiriro acho haana kunge achinyatsonzwisiswa. Hippocrates, "baba vekurapa," akatanga kuziva sitiroko makore anopfuura 2 400 apfuura. Akadana mamiriro ezvinhu kuti apoplexy, iro izwi rechiGiriki rinomirira "kurohwa nechisimba." Nepo zita richirondedzera shanduko dzinongoerekana dzaitika nesitiroko, hazvina kureva izvo zviri kunyatsoitika muuropi hwako.

Mazana emakore gare gare muma1600s, chiremba anonzi Jacob Wepfer akawana kuti chimwe chinhu chakakanganisa kuwedzerwa kweropa muhuropi hwevanhu vakafa neapoplexy. Mune zvimwe zvezviitiko izvi, paive nekubuda ropa kukuru muuropi. Mune mamwe, tsinga dzakavharwa.

Mumakumi emakore akatevera, sainzi yekurapa yakaramba ichifambira mberi zvine chekuita nezvakakonzera, zviratidzo, uye kurapwa kweapoplexy. Mumwe mhedzisiro yekufambira mberi uku kwaive kupatsanurwa kweapoplexy muzvikamu zvichienderana nechikonzero chemamiriro acho. Mushure meizvi, apoplexy yakazozivikanwa nemazita akadai se stroke uye cerebralvascular tsaona (CVA).

Stroke nhasi

Nhasi, vanachiremba vanoziva kuti marudzi maviri eshitiroko aripo: ischemic uye hemorrhagic. Kurwara kwechischemic, uko kunowanzoitika, kunoitika kana ropa rakavhara muuropi. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuyerera kweropa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehuropi. Kurohwa nekubuda ropa, kune rumwe rutivi, kunoitika kana tsinga yeropa muuropi yako yakavhurika. Izvi zvinoita kuti ropa riungane. Kuomarara kwesitiroko kunowanzoenderana nenzvimbo iri muuropi uye nenhamba yemaseru ehuropi akanganiswa.

Sekureva kweNational Stroke Association, sitiroko ndiyo yechishanu inotungamira chikonzero cherufu muUnited States. Zvisinei, vanhu vanofungidzirwa kuva mamiriyoni manomwe muAmerica vakapona sitiroko. Kutenda nekufambira mberi munzira dzekurapa, mamirioni avanhu vakasangana nesitiroko vanogona kurarama nematambudziko mashoma.

Nhoroondo yekurapa sitiroko

Imwe yemaitiro ekutanga ekurapwa sitiroko yakaitika muma1800s, apo vanovhiya vakatanga kuita oparesheni pamitsipa yecarotid. Iyi ndiyo tsinga inopa yakawanda yeropa inoyerera ichienda kuuropi. Mavhinga anokura mumaroto e carotid anowanzo kuve anokonzera kukonzera sitiroko. Vanachiremba vanovhiya vakatanga kuvhiya pa carotid arteri kudzikisa cholesterol kuvaka uye kubvisa mabhureki ayo anogona ipapo kutungamira kune sitiroko. Yekutanga yakanyorwa carotid tsinga yekuvhiya muUnited States yaive muna 1807. Dr. Amos Twitchell akaita kuvhiya kuNew Hampshire. Nhasi, maitiro anozivikanwa secarotid endarterectomy.

Nepo kuvhiyiwa kwecarotid arteri kwakanyatso kubatsira kudzivirira sitiroko, kwaive nemushonga mushoma wekurapa sitiroko uye kudzikisira mhedzisiro yaro. Mazhinji marapirwo ainyanya kutarisisa kubatsira vanhu kugadzirisa chero matambudziko mushure mekurohwa, senge kukanganisika kwekutaura, matambudziko ekudya, kana kusasimba kusingaperi kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri. Yakanga isiri iyo kusvika 1996 apo kurapwa kwakanyanya kushanda kwakaitwa. Mukati megore iro, iyo U. S. Chikafu neDrug Administration (FDA) yakabvumidza kushandiswa kwetissue plasminogen activator (TPA), mushonga unopwanya mavhinga eropa anokonzera sitiroko ischemic.

Kunyangwe TPA inogona kushanda pakurapa ischemic sitiroko, inofanirwa kupihwa mukati maawa mana nehafu mushure mekutanga kwezviratidzo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukurumidza kurapwa kurapwa sitiroko kwakakosha kudzikisa uye kudzoreredza zviratidzo. Kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kusangana nezviratidzo zvekurohwa, zvakadai sekukanganiswa kamwe-kamwe uye kushaya simba kana kupera kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri, vaendese kuchipatara kana kufonera 911 nekukasira.

Kufambira mberi mukurapa sitiroko

Kurohwa Ischemic

TPA ndiyo yakasarudzika nzira yekurapa yeschemic sitiroko. Zvisinei, kufambira mberi kwechangobva kuitika mukurapa aya marudzi eshamhu ndeyemagetsi thrombectomy. Iyi nzira inogona kubvisa mumuviri kuvhara ropa mune mumwe munhu ane ischemic sitiroko. Kubva payakatanga muna 2004, hunyanzvi hwakabata vanhu vangangosvika zviuru gumi.

Zvisinei, chinokanganisa ndechekuti vazhinji vanovhiya vachiri kuda kudzidziswa muchimakaniki thrombectomy uye zvipatara zvinofanirwa kutenga michina inodikanwa, inogona kudhura kwazvo. Kunyange TPA ichiri kurapwa kurapwa ischemic, mechanical thrombectomy iri kuramba ichiwedzera mukurumbira sezvo vazhinji vanovhiya mashandisirwo ayo.

Kurohwa kweropa

Hemorrhagic sitiroko mishonga yauyawo nzira refu. Kana mhedzisiro yesitiroko inobuda ropa ikabata chikamu chikuru cheuropi, vanachiremba vanogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa mukuyedza kudzora kukuvara kwenguva refu uye kubvisa kumanikidza kuuropi. Kurapa kwekuvhiya kwechirwere cheshuga kunosanganisira:

• Kuvhiya kutema. Kuvhiya uku kunosanganisira kuisa clip padanho renharaunda ichikonzera kubuda kweropa. Chikamu chinomisa kuyerera kweropa uye chinobatsira kudzivirira nzvimbo kubva pakubuda ropa zvakare.
• Coiling. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kutungamira waya kuburikidza neguyo uye kusvika kuuropi uchiisa madiki macoils kuzadza nzvimbo dzekushaya simba uye kubuda ropa. Izvi zvinogona kumisa chero kubuda ropa.
• Kuvhiya kubviswa. Kana nzvimbo yekubuda ropa isingakwanise kugadziriswa kuburikidza nedzimwe nzira, chiremba anovhiya anogona kufambisa chikamu chidiki chenzvimbo yakakuvadzwa. Nekudaro, kuvhiya uku kunowanzo kuve kwekupedzisira sarudzo nekuti inoonekwa kunge yakanyanya njodzi uye haigone kuitwa munzvimbo zhinji dzehuropi.

Kumwe kurapwa kunogona kudiwa, zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye kuomarara kweropa racho.

Kufambira mberi mukudzivirira sitiroko

Nepo sitiroko ichiri kuramba ichikonzera kuremara, dzinosvika makumi masere muzana sitiroko dzinodzivirirwa. Kutenda kutsvagurudzo yazvino uye kufambira mberi mukurapa, vanachiremba vanogona ikozvino kukurudzira nzira dzekudzivirira kune avo vari panjodzi yekurohwa. Inozivikanwa njodzi yekurohwa nesitiroko inosanganisira kuve pamusoro pemakore makumi manomwe neshanu uye kuva ne:

• atrial fibrillation
• congestive moyo kutadza
• chirwere cheshuga
• BP
• nhoroondo yekurohwa kana kurwisa ischemic kurwisa

Vanhu vane njodzi idzi vanofanirwa kutaura nachiremba wavo nezvekuti vangadzikise sei njodzi yavo. Vanachiremba vanowanzo kurudzira anotevera matanho ekudzivirira:

• kurega kusvuta
• anticoagulant mishonga yekudzivirira kuvhara ropa
• mishonga yekudzora yakakwira BP kana chirwere cheshuga
• chikafu chine hutano chakaderera mune sodium uye chakafuma muchero nemiriwo
• mazuva matatu kana mana pavhiki yekurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi mana pazuva

Nepo sitiroko isingagone kudzivirirwa nguva dzose, kutora matanho aya kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi yako sezvinobvira.

Kutora

Sitiroko chiitiko chekurapa chinotyisidzira hupenyu chinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwehuropi nekusingaperi.Kutsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuwedzera mukana wekuti iwe kana mudiwa mugamuchire imwe yeanorapwa matsva anoshandiswa kurapa sitiroko uye kurerutsa matambudziko.