Isu Tiri Pedyo Sei Kurapa KweMelanoma?

Zvemukati

• Targeting cancer cancer
• Iyo immunotherapy inopinda sei mukutamba
• Iko kunotsvagirwa tsvakiridzo
• Kutora

Kutenda nekuvandudzwa kwemishonga mitsva, mwero wekupona wemelanoma wakakwira kupfuura nakare kose. Asi isu tava padyo sei nemushonga?

Melanoma rudzi rwegomarara reganda. Inowanzoongororwa mumatanho ekutanga, kana ichinyatso kurapwa. Sekureva kweAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology, kubvisa melanoma nekuvhiya kunopa mushonga muzviitiko zvakawanda.

Asi kana melanoma ikasaonekwa uye ikarapwa nekukasika, inogona kutapukira kubva paganda kuenda kunhengo dzemuviri uye nezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, zvinozivikanwa semberi-danho melanoma.

Kurapa yakakwira-nhanho melanoma, vanachiremba vanowanzopa mamwe marapirwo ne kana pachinzvimbo chekuvhiyiwa. Nekuwedzera, ivo vari kushandisa zvakanangwa kurapwa, immunotherapy, kana zvese zviri zviviri. Kunyangwe yakakwira-nhanho melanoma yakaoma kurapa, aya marapiro akawedzera zvakanyanya kupona kwehuwandu.

Targeting cancer cancer

Mishonga yakanangwa yakagadzirirwa kuratidza uye kunanga maseru ekenza, kazhinji pasina kukuvadza maseru akajairwa.

Maseru mazhinji emukenza yemelanoma ane shanduko mu BRAF geni rinobatsira kuti gomarara rikure. Pamusoro pevane melanoma iyo yakapararira kana melanoma iyo isingakwanise kuvhiyiwa ine shanduko mune ino geni, sekureva kweNational Cancer Institute.

BRAF neMEK inhibitors zvakanangwa marapirwo ayo anobatsira kudzivirira kukura kwemaseru ehurwere kana BRAF gene magene aripo. Iyi mishonga inodzivirira iyo BRAF protein kana inoenderana neMEK protein.

Nekudaro, kutsvagurudza kwakawana kuti ruzhinji rwevanhu vanotanga kupindura zvakanaka kune aya marapirwo ekurapa vanova nekumirisana nawo mukati megore. Masayendisiti ari kushanda kudzivirira iko kuramba nekutsvaga nzira nyowani dzekupa nekubatanidza kurapa kuripo. Zvidzidzo zviri kuenderera mberi kugadzira marapirwo anotarisa mamwe majeni uye mapuroteni anoenderana nemaseru e melanoma.

Iyo immunotherapy inopinda sei mukutamba

Immunotherapy inobatsira immune system yako kurwisa maseru ekenza.

Rimwe boka remununotherapy mishonga yakanyanya kuratidza vimbiso huru yekurapa yakakwira-nhanho melanoma. Iyi mishonga inozivikanwa seyecheckpoint inhibitors. Vanobatsira immune system eT masero kuziva uye kurwisa maseru ehurwere.

Zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti mishonga iyi inovandudza mwero wekupona wevanhu vane advanced-stage melanoma, taura vanyori venyaya yekudzokorora muAmerican Journal of Clinical Dermatology. Kutsvagisa kwakaburitswa muOncologist kwakawanawo kuti vanhu vane melanoma vanogona kubatsirwa pakurapwa nemishonga iyi, zvisinei nezera ravo.

Asi immunotherapy haishande kune wese munhu. Sekureva kwetsamba yekutsvagisa yakaburitswa mupepanhau reNature Medicine, chikamu chete chevanhu vane melanoma vanobatsirikana kubva pakurapwa necheckpoint inhibitors. Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa kuti udzidze kuti vanhu vapi vangangopindura zvakanaka pakurapwa uku.

Iko kunotsvagirwa tsvakiridzo

Ongororo yegore ra2017 yechikamu chechitatu chemakiriniki ekuedzwa yakawana kuti izvozvi tarisiro yekurapa uye immunotherapy inoshanda mushe kugadzirisa huwandu hwese hwekupona muvanhu vane yakakwira-nhanho melanoma. Asi vanyori vanoti kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa kuti udzidze kurapwa kupi kutanga.

Masayendisiti ari kugadzira uye kuyedza nzira dzekuziva kuti ndevapi varwere vangangobatsirwa kubva pakurapwa kupi. Semuenzaniso, vaongorori vakaona kuti vanhu vane huwandu hwakakwira hwemamwe mapuroteni muropa ravo vanogona kupindura zvirinani kupfuura vamwe kune yekuongorora inhibitors.

Zvidzidzo zviri kuenderera mberi kugadzira uye kuyedza marapirwo matsva. Sekureva kwechinyorwa cheGland Surgery, kutsvaga kwekutanga kwekutsvaga kunoratidza kuti majekiseni ekurwisa-bundu anogona kunge ari ekurapa kwakachengeteka. Masayendisiti ari kuongororawo mishonga inotarisana nemelanoma nemamwe majini asina kujairika, inodaro American Cancer Society.

Mutsva musanganiswa wemarapirwo aripo anogona zvakare kubatsira kuvandudza mhedzisiro kune vamwe vanhu vane melanoma. Masayendisiti ari kuenderera mberi achidzidza nezvekuchengetedza, kushanda, uye kushandisa kwakakwana kwemishonga yakatobvumidzwa kurapa chirwere ichi.

Kutora

Pamberi pa2010, kurapwa kwakazara kwevanhu vane advanced-stage melanoma yaive chemotherapy, uye mwero wekupona waive wakaderera.

Mumakore gumi apfuura, mwero wekupona wevanhu vane yakakwira-nhanho melanoma yakawedzera zvakanyanya, muchikamu chikuru nekuda kwekurapa kwakanangana uye immunotherapy. Aya marapirwo ndiwo matsva maitiro ekuchengetedza matanho epamberi e melanoma. Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi vachiri kuedza kudzidza kuti ndeapi marapirwo angangobatsira varwere vapi.

Masayendisiti ari kuenderera mberi nekuyedza mitsva yekurapa uye musanganiswa mutsva wemarapirwo aripo. Kutenda nekuenderera mberi, vanhu vazhinji kupfuura nakare kose vari kurapwa chirwere ichi.