Sei Kubata Kutsvaga Kunoshanda, Chaizvoizvo?

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi kubata kutsvaga, chaizvo?
• Ndiani anogona kusvikirwa neanoteya munhu?
• Chii chinoitika zvinotevera kana iwe ukasvikwa necontact tracer?
• Izvo Zvakaoma Zvekubata Kutsvaga
• Ndeipi nguva yakanakisa yekuita yekutsvaga kutsvaga?
• Ongororo ye

Neanopfuura miriyoni 1.3 akasimbiswa nyaya dzenovel coronavirus (COVID-19) mhiri kweUS, mikana yakakwira zvekuti hutachiona huri kutenderera munharaunda yako. Nyika dzinoverengeka dzakatangisa zvirongwa zvekutsvaga zvekuyedza munharaunda kutsvaga vanhu vangangodaro vaibata munhu ane hutachiona, netarisiro yekukanganisa kupararira nekubatsira veruzhinji kuti vanzwisise njodzi yavo yekutapukirwa.

Hausati wambonzwa nezvekutsvaga kutsvaga? Hausiwe wega, asi munda uri kukurumidza kukura izvozvi. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuda kwekutaurirana nevatambi, Johns Hopkins University yakatoburitsa yemahara online yekubata kutsvaga nzira kune chero munhu anoda kudzidza nezve maitiro.

Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve kusangana kwekutsvaga, uye izvo zvaunogona kutarisira kana iwe wakambosangana neanobata tracer.

Chii chinonzi kubata kutsvaga, chaizvo?

Kubata kutsvaga ndeye chirwere chehutachiona cheveruzhinji chiitiko icho chinoshanda kuteedzera pasi vanhu vakambosangana nemunhu akabatwa nechirwere chinotapukira (mune ino kesi, COVID-19), sekureva kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Bata vateveri ita kuti vanhu vazive kuti vakanangana nechirwere chinotapukira uye vateedzere navo nguva nenguva kuti vape rairo yezvaunofanira kuita zvinotevera. Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona kusanganisira kuraira kwakawanda kwekudzivirira chirwere, kuongorora zviratidzo, kana nzira dzekuzviparadzanisa, pakati pemamwe marongero, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, sekureva kweWorld Health Organisation (WHO). Kutsvaga kuonana hakuzi kutsva neCCIDID-19-yakashandiswa kare kune zvimwe zvirwere zvinotapukira zvakaita seEbola.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu eCCIDID-19, vanhu vanga vachizivana nemunhu ane nyaya yakasimbiswa vanokurudzirwa kuti vazvigarire vega kwemazuva gumi nemana mushure mekuratidzwa kwavo kwekupedzisira kumunhu ane hutachiona kuyedza kumisa cheni yekutapurira coronavirus, sekureva kwe CDC. (Zvakabatana: Rini, Chaizvo, Unofanira Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe Kana Iwe Uchifunga Kuti Une Coronavirus?)

"Pfungwa yakakosha ndeyekuti, kana murwere angoonekwa kuti ane CCID-19, vanobvunzurudzwa neanoteedzera tracer kuti vanzwisise vanhu vese vavaka sangana navo kumeso panguva yenguva. "izvo vangangodaro vaizotapukira," anotsanangura Carolyn Cannuscio, Sc.D., director wezvekuongorora kweCentre for Public Health Initiatives paUniversity yePennsylvania. "Tinoedza kubvunzurudza iyo nekukurumidza uye kuti tiite zvakakwana sezvinobvira."

Kutsvaga kwekuonana kunoitwa padanho renzvimbo nedunhu, saka maitiro anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuti anoitwa kupi, anodaro chiremba wechirwere chechirwere Henry F. Raymond, Dr.PH, MPH, associate director wehutano hweveruzhinji kuThe Center for COVID-19 Response and Pandemic. Kugadzirira kuRutgers Global Health Institute. Semuenzaniso, mamwe masimba anogona kutsvaga chero munhu anga aine hukama hwepedyo nemunhu ane hutachiona mumazuva gumi nemana asati azviongorora, nepo vamwe vangangotarisa vekuonana mukati menguva pfupi, anotsanangura.

Ndiani anogona kusvikirwa neanoteya munhu?

Chinokosha apa kuva ne "hukama hwepedyo" nemumwe munhu akatapukirwa, anodaro Elaine Symanski, Ph.D., purofesa muCentre for Precision Environmental Health kuBaylor College yeMishonga.

Nepo kutsvaga kutsvaga kunoitwa zvakanyanya munharaunda uye yenyika, CDC yakapa gwara rekuti ndiani chaizvo anofanirwa kubatwa mukubuda kweCCIDID-19. Pasi pechirairo ichocho, "kubatana kwepedyo" panguva ye COVID-19 denda kunotsanangurwa semunhu anga ari mukati memamita matanhatu emunhu ane hutachiona kwemaminetsi gumi neshanu, kutanga kubva kumaawa makumi mana nemasere murwere asati atanga kuve nezviratidzo kusvika panguva yavaive vari vega. .

Shamwari dzepedyo dzepedyo, mhuri, uye vanoshanda navo kune munhu ane hutachiona ndivo vanogona kusangana, anodaro Cannuscio. Asi kana iwe ukangoenda kunotenga zvekutengesa panguva imwe chete semunhu ane hutachiona, kana kuvapfuudza panguva yekufamba-famba munharaunda yako, hazviite kuti iwe unzwe kubva kune wekubata tracer, anowedzera. Izvo zvakati, kana munhu akatapukirwa anga ari munzvimbo diki senge yeruzhinji bhazi kwenguva yakareba, munhu anoteedzera anogona kuyedza kutsvaga anga ari mubhazi uye osvika kwavari, anodaro Abiodun Oluyomi, Ph.D. , mutevedzeri purofesa wemishonga paBaylor College yeMishonga. Apa ndipo panogona kubata vanocherekedza vanogona kupinda muchivande-chepamusoro basa.

"Kana munhu akatapukirwa, pane nzira mbiri dzekuudza mucherechedzi waakambosangana naye," anotsanangura kudaro Oluyomi. Varwere vanoziva zvechokwadi kuti vanga vachisangana nevamwe vanhu vanogona kungopa mazita uye ruzivo rwekutaurirana kune anotora-izvo zviri nyore, anodaro Oluyomi. Asi kana vakakwira bhazi kwenguva yakareba vasati vaonekwa, uye vachiziva nzira yebhazi, tracer inogona kuronga kuburikidza nenhoroondo matanda uye bhasi pass data kuedza kutsvaga vamwe vanhu vakakwira bhazi vachishandisa reusable pass. kufanana neMetroCard. "Ipapo, unoziva kuti ndivanaani uye unokwanisa kutaura navo," anotsanangura Oluyomi. Kunyangwe ipapo, zvakadaro, haugone kugara uchitsvaga munhu wose, anodaro.Mumuenzaniso webhazi, avo vaishandisa mari pachinzvimbo cheMetroCard vangangodaro vasina kubatika, anodaro - haungakwanise kuziva kuti ndivanaani. "[Kutsvaga kwekutaurirana] hakumbozomboita 100 muzana zvisina musoro," anodaro Oluyomi. (Zvakabatana: Ndiko Kutevedzera Kwevamhanyi Kuparadzira Coronavirus Chaizvoizvo Zviri pamutemo?)

Nekune rimwe divi, kana murwere ane hutachiona achiziva zita remunhu waanosangana naye asi asina chokwadi nezverumwe ruzivo rwavo, mucherechedzi anogona kuedza kuvatsvaga kuburikidza nesocial media kana rumwe ruzivo rwavanogona kuwana online, anowedzera Cannuscio.

Izvo zvisingazivikanwe zvinonetsa kune vanoteedzera tracer, asi ivo vari kuita zvavanogona. "Parizvino, [vatambi vekubata] vanofanirwa kutarisa kune vavanoziva," anodaro Dr. Raymond. "Zvichida zviitiko zvakakura zvekusazivikanwa zvinogona kunge zviri padhuze nekutadza kutsvaga." Uye zvakapihwa izvo Robert Redfield, MD, director weCDC, achangobva kuudzwa NPR iyo yakawanda se25 muzana yevaAmerican vese vane COVID-19 vanogona kunge vasina chiratidzo, vachiteedzera zvese kusangana kamwe chete hakugone kuita zana muzana.

Pakutanga, vanobata vateveri vanongosvika kune vane hutachiona vokumira ipapo. Asi vanobata vateveri vachatanga kusvika kune a contact's contacts kana iko kwekutanga kuonana kukabuda kuyedza kwakanaka kune COVID-19 ivo pachavo-kuvhiringidza, handiti? "Wakaita semuti, uyezve matavi nemashizha," anotsanangura Oluyomi.

Chii chinoitika zvinotevera kana iwe ukasvikwa necontact tracer?

Kutanga, iwe ungangotaura nemunhu chaiye-iyi kazhinji haisi robocall. "Zvakakosha kuti vanhu vawane ruzivo nekukasira, asi modhi yedu ndeyekuti kubata kwevanhu kwakakosha," anotsanangura Cannuscio. "Vanhu vane mibvunzo yakawanda pavanonzwa kubva kwatiri, uye tinoda kukwanisa kuvatsigira, kuvapa tsigiro, nekuvabatsira kunzwisisa nzira yekudzora kupararira kwehutachiona kuvanhu vavanotarisira. Vanonetsekana, uye vanoda kuziva zvavanofanira kuita."

Nezve zvinyorwa: Hazvigone kuti munhu anoteedzera anokuudza kuti ndiani munhu ane hutachiwana wawakasangana naye - kazhinji hazvizivikanwe nekuda kwezvakavanzika kuchengetedza munhu ane hutachiona, anodaro Dr. Raymond. "[Izvo zvinotariswa] ndezvekuita chokwadi chekuti vanobata vanowana rubatsiro rwehutano hwavanogona kuda," anotsanangura kudaro.

Maitiro acho akasiyana zvishoma kwese kwese, asi kana wangobatwa uye kuudzwa kuti uchangobva kusangana nemunhu akatapukirwa neCCIDID-19, unozobvunzwa mibvunzo yakatevedzana nezve paungave wakapedzisira kuonana nemunhu ane hutachiona. . , anotsanangura Dr. Raymond.

Iwe zvakare uchabvunzwa kuti uzvidzivirire wega kwemazuva gumi nemana kubva pazuva rekupedzisira iwe raungangodaro uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchitsvaga "Pane shanduko yakawanda yemaitiro yatiri kukumbira vanhu kuti vaite," anodaro Cannuscio. "Isu tinovakumbira kuti vasave kunze kweruzhinji uye kuti vadzikise kuonana neveimba yavo." Iwe zvakare uchabvunzwa kuongorora ako zviratidzo panguva ino uye uchapihwa mirairo pane zvaunofanira kuita kana iwe ukaitika kuva nezviratidzo. (Yakabatana: Chaizvoizvo Chaunofanira Kuita Kana Ukagara Nemumwe Munhu Ane Coronavirus)

Izvo Zvakaoma Zvekubata Kutsvaga

Nepo hurongwa hwehurumende yemubatanidzwa hwekuvhura zvakare America hunosanganisira kurudziro kune ese akaomarara coronavirus kuyedza uye kutsvaga kwekubata (pakati pezvimwe zviyero), hadzisi dzese nyika dziri kuvhurwa dziri kunyatsoteedzera iwo marongero. Mukutaura kuti have vakaita kuonana vachitsvaga chikamu chekuvhura kwavozve, zvinonyatsoshanda sei kudzivirira kupararira kweCOVID-19?

CDC inotaura kuti kubata kutsvagisa "nzira yekudzivirira chirwere" uye "yakakosha nzira yekudzivirira kupararira kweCOVID-19." Nyanzvi dzinobvumirana: "Hatina mushonga wekudzivirira. Hatina huwandu hwehutachiona kana hwehutachiona. Pasina izvi, zvakaoma kupatsanura hutachiona kubva kune hunobata pasina kutsvaga kwekubata," anotsanangura Dr. Raymond.

Asi Cannuscio anoti kutsvaga kwekuonana kuchanyanya kushanda kana mushandi aripo. “Muzviitiko zvakawanda, nhamba yemhaka yacho yakakwira zvekuti zvinonetsa kuenderera mberi,” anodaro.

Uyezve, kutsvaga kuonana hakuna kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji sezvazvingaite. Izvozvi muU.S., kubata kwekutsvaga kuri kuitwa nevanhu - vatengesi vari kuita mabvunzurudzo, vachisvika parunhare, uye vachitoenda kudzimba mune zvimwe zviitiko kuteedzera, anotsanangura Dr. Raymond. Izvo zvinosanganisira zvizhinji yesimba revanhu - zvizhinji zvacho hazvisi kuwanikwa, anodaro Dr. Symanski. "Inoda nguva uye inoda vashandi," anotsanangura. "Tichiri padanho rekutora vanhu vanokwanisa kuita basa," anowedzera Oluyomi. (Inoenderana: Yako Fitness Tracker Inogona Kukubatsira Iwe Kubata Pasi-iyo-Radar Coronavirus Zviratidzo)

Asi yekutsvaga yekutsvaga yakave yakagadzirirwa (zvirinani muchikamu) kumwe kunhu. MuSouth Korea, vagadziri vepachivande vakagadzira maapplication ekubatsira kutsigira hurumende kuonana nekutsvaga. Imwe app, inonzi Corona 100m, inounganidza data kubva kunzvimbo dzehutano hweveruzhinji kuti vanhu vazive kana nyaya yakasimbiswa yeCCIDID-19 yaonekwa mukati meiyo 100-mita radius yavo, pamwe nezuva remurwere. MarketWatch. Imwe app, inonzi Corona Mepu, inoronga kune vanhu vane hutachiwana vari pamepu kuitira kuti data rinzwisisike zviri nyore.

"[Aya maapplication] anoita kunge akashanda nemazvo," anodaro Cannuscio, achicherekedza kuti South Korea yakachengetedza huwandu hwekufa kwavo pasi kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika uko coronavirus iri kupararira. "Vane hurongwa hunotyisa hunobatanidza kutsvaga kwedhijitari uye kushamwaridzana kwevanhu. South Korea inotsigirwa seimwe yemitemo yekuti ungaita sei izvi, "anotsanangura kudaro. "MuUS, tiri kutamba-kubata nekuti madhipatimendi ehutano haana zviwanikwa zvekuita izvi pamwero."

Izvozvo zvinogona kupedzisira zvachinja. MuU.S., Google neApple vakabatana nemauto mukuyedza kugadzirisa iyo yekutsvaga yekutsvaga system. Chinangwa, makambani anoti, ndechekuti "kugonesa kushandiswa kwetekinoroji tekinoroji kubatsira hurumende nemasangano ezvehutano kudzikisira kupararira kwehutachiona, nekuvanzika kwevashandisi uye kuchengetedzeka pakati pekugadzira."

Ndeipi nguva yakanakisa yekuita yekutsvaga kutsvaga?

Munyika yakakwana, nguva yakanakisa yekutanga kuonana nekutsvaga ingave kubva pakutanga kwekuzivikanwa kwechirwere, anodaro Dr. Raymond. "Zvisinei, izvozvo zvinongoshanda chete kana iwe uchiziva kuti kutanga kuripo rini uye wanga uchitsvaga chirwere ichi," anodaro.

Cannuscio inofunga kuteedzera kwekutsvaga kwakanyanya kukosha sekureva kwenyika, mabhizinesi, uye zvikoro zvinovhurwa. "Chinangwa chiri kuzokwanisa kunyatso kumisikidza matsva matsva, kupatsanura vanhu ivavo, kuziva avo vokukurukura navo, uye kubatsira avo vavanogara kuti vagare vari vega kuti vasawane mukana wekuramba vachitapurira vamwe," anodaro. "Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru mukugadzirisa kuputika kutsva saka hatina kukwira kwakanyanya muzviitiko sezvatakaona muNew York City." (Inoenderana: Zvichava Zvakachengeteka Kushanda ku Gym Mushure meCoronavirus?)

Zvakadaro, kubata kwekutsvaga haisi sainzi yakakwana. Kunyangwe epidemiologists vanobvuma maitiro acho anowanzo kuve akaomarara mazuva ano. "Hazvitendeseki," anodaro Cannuscio. "Misangano yandiri, munhu wese anobvuma kuti tiri kumuka uye takatarisana nematambudziko atisingatarisiri kusangana nawo izvozvi."

Mashoko ari munyaya iyi akarurama seye nguva yekudhinda. Sezvo zvigadziriso nezve coronavirus COVID-19 ichiramba ichichinja, zvinokwanisika kuti rumwe ruzivo uye kurudziro munyaya iyi zvachinja kubva pakatanga kuburitswa. Tinokukurudzira kuti uongorore nguva zhinji zviwanikwa zvakaita seCDC, iyo WHO, uye nedhipatimendi rako rezvehutano reveruzhinji kune yakanyanya-kudhara dhata uye kurudziro.

Ongororo ye