Flu Mwaka: Kukosha kwekutora Flu Shot

Zvemukati

• Furu inopfura inoshanda sei?
• Ndiani anoda flu flu?
• Vanhu vane njodzi huru
• Ndiani asingafanire kurwara nefuruu?
• Kupfuura kwakaipa kuita
• Mazai ezai
• Mercury chisimbwa
• Guillain-Barré chirwere (GBS)
• Kupindwa nechando
• Pane here mimwe mhedzisiro kune chirwere chekurwara?
• Ndeapi majekiseni ekudzivirira chirwere aripo?
• Yakakwira-dose furu inopfura
• Intradermal furu inopfura
• Mushonga wekudzivirira mushonga
• Tora woenda nazvo

Nemwaka wefuruwenza patiri panguva ye COVID-19 denda, zvakakosha zvakapetwa kudzikisa njodzi yekuwana furuwenza.

Mugore chairo, mwaka wefuruu unoitika kubva mukudonha kusvika pakutanga kwechirimo. Kureba uye kuomarara kwedenda kunogona kusiyana. Vamwe vane rombo rakanaka vanogona kupfuura nemumwaka vasina flu.

Asi gadzirira kukomberedzwa nekuhotsira uye kukosora kwemwedzi mishoma pagore rega uye kuzviparadzanisa uye kutsvaga kuongororwa nekukurumidza kana chero zviratidzo zvikaonekwa.

Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), chirwere ichi chinokanganisa pakati pevanhu veUS gore rega rega.

Zviratidzo zvefuru zvinowanzo sanganisira:

• kukosora
• fever (kwete munhu wese ane furuu achave nefivhiri)
• musoro
• tsandanyama kana kurwadziwa nemuviri
• huro inorwadza
• runny kana yakaputirwa-kumusoro mhino
• kuneta
• kurutsa uye manyoka (zvakajairika muvana kupfuura vanhu vakuru)

Zviratidzo zvinouya nefuru zvinogona kukuchengetedza iwe kurara kwevhiki kana kupfuura. Mushonga wekudzivirira furuwenza wepagore ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekubatsira kukudzivirira kubva kurwara nefuruwenza.

ICDC inotenda kuti hutachiona hwechirwere uye hutachiona hunokonzera COVID-19 zvese zviri kupararira panguva yekudonha uye yechando. Zviratidzo zvefuruu zvinopindirana zvikuru nezviratidzo zve COVID-19, saka mushonga wekudzivirira furu uchave wakakosha kupfuura nakare kose.

Furu inopfura inoshanda sei?

Hutachiona hwefuru hunoshanduka uye hunoshanduka gore rega rega, ndosaka hwakapararira uye hwakaoma kudzivirira. Mishonga mitsva inogadzirwa uye inosunungurwa gore rega rega kuti ifambirane neshanduko dzinokurumidza idzi.

Pamberi pegore nyowani nyowani yefuruwenza, vezvehutano vehutano vanofungidzira kuti ndedzipi mafuruu dzinogona kubudirira. Fluenza A neB ma virus ndiwo anokonzera madenda emwaka. Ivo vanoshandisa izvi fungidziro kuzivisa zvinogadzira kuti vagadzire majekiseni akakodzera.

Iyo furu inopfura inoshanda nekukurudzira immune yako kuti ibudise masoja ekudzivirira. Zvakare, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere aya anobatsira muviri kurwisa hutachiwana hwefuruwenza huripo mumushonga wekudzivirira.

Mushure mekugamuchira chirwere chefuru, zvinotora anenge masvondo maviri kuti masoja ekudzivirira chirwere aya anyatso kukura.

Pane misiyano miviri yefuru inopfurwa inodzivirira kubva kumatambudziko akasiyana: trivalent uye quadrivalent.

Trivalent inodzivirira kune maviri akajairwa A marara uye imwe B strain. Mushonga wekudzivirira kwepamusoro mushonga unodzivirira.

Mushonga wequadrivalent wakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kubva kumavhairasi mana anowanzo tenderera, maviri furuwenza A mavairasi, uye maviri ehutachiona furuwenza B.

CDC haikurudziri parizvino imwe pamusoro peimwe. Tarisa neako inishuwarenzi mupi uye chiremba wako kuti uwane kurudziro.

Ndiani anoda flu flu?

Vamwe vanhu vanogona kukombamira kuwana furuwenza kupfuura vamwe. Ndokusaka CDC ichikurudzira kuti munhu wese ane mwedzi mitanhatu yekuberekwa kana kupfuura vabaiwe jekiseni rekudzivirira furuwenza.

Iwo mapfuti haana 100 muzana anoshanda mukudzivirira furuu. Asi ndiyo nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuutachiona uhwu nematambudziko aro anowirirana nawo.

Vanhu vane njodzi huru

Mamwe mapoka ari panjodzi yekuwedzera yekuwana chirwere ichi uye nekukudziridza zvingangoita njodzi zvine chekuita nefuru. Zvakakosha kuti vanhu vari mumapoka ane njodzi huru vabaiwe majekiseni.

Sekureva kweCDC, vanhu ava vanosanganisira:

• vakadzi vane pamuviri uye vakadzi kusvika pamasvondo maviri mushure mekubata
• vana vari pakati pemwedzi mitanhatu nemakore mashanu ekuberekwa
• vanhu vane makore 18 zvichidzika vanogashira maaspirin therapy
• vanhu vanopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu
• chero munhu ane chirwere chisingaperi
• vanhu vane body mass index (BMI) iri makumi mana kana kupfuura
• MaIndia eAmerica kana maAlaska maNative
• chero munhu anogara kana anoshanda mumusha unochengeterwa vakwegura kana nzvimbo inochengetedzwa varwere
• vanochengeta chero wevanhu vari pamusoro

Mamiriro ekurapa asingaperi ayo anogona kuwedzera njodzi yako kumatambudziko anosanganisira:

• asima
• mamiriro europi
• kusagadzikana kweropa
• chisingaperi chirwere chemapapu
• endocrine kusagadzikana
• chirwere chemoyo
• hosha dzeitsvo
• kusagadzikana kwechiropa
• kusagadzikana kwemagetsi
• vanhu vane kufutisa
• vanhu vane stroke
• vanhu vane immune system isina simba nekuda kwechirwere kana mishonga

Sekureva kweCDC, vanhu vane makore ari pasi pegumi nemapfumbamwe vari kurapa asipurin pamwe nevanhu vanotora mishonga yesteroid nguva nenguva vanofanirwawo kubaiwa jekiseni.

Vashandi muzvirongwa zveveruzhinji vane njodzi yakawanda yekubatwa nechirwere ichi, saka zvakakosha kuti vagamuchire nhomba. Vanhu vanogara vachisangana nevanhu vari panjodzi sevakuru uye vana vanofanirwawo kubaiwa jekiseni.

Vanhu ivavo vanosanganisira:

• vadzidzisi
• vashandi vemasikati
• vashandi vemuzvipatara
• vashandi veveruzhinji
• vatapi vezvehutano
• vashandi vemisha inochengeterwa vakwegura nenzvimbo dzisingaperi dzekutarisira
• vanopa rubatsiro kumba
• vashandi vekupindura nechimbichimbi
• nhengo dzemhuri dzevanhu mumabasa iwayo

Vanhu vanogara padhuze nevamwe, sevadzidzi vekoreji uye nhengo dzemauto, vari zvakare panjodzi huru yekufumurwa.

Ndiani asingafanire kurwara nefuruu?

Vamwe vanhu havafanirwe kuwana chirwere chefuru nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekurapa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero zvakakosha kuti isu tese tiwane chekudzivirira mombe kuti tidzivirire. Usawane chirwere chefuru kana uine zvinotevera mamiriro.

Kupfuura kwakaipa kuita

Vanhu vakave nemhinduro yakaipa kune jekiseni rekudzivirira chirwere munguva yakapfuura havafanirwe kuwana chirwere chefuru.

Mazai ezai

Vanhu vane hutachiona hwakakomba kumazai vanofanirwa kudzivirira kupora chirwere. Kana iwe uine zvinyoro zvishoma, taura nachiremba wako. Iwe unogona kunge uchikwanisa kuwana mushonga.

Mercury chisimbwa

Vanhu vari allergic kune mercury havafanirwe kuwana iyo pfuti. Mimwe majekiseni ekudzivirira furuu ane maronda akawandisa emekiyuri kudzivirira hutachiona hwehutachiona.

Guillain-Barré chirwere (GBS)

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) isingawanzoitika mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inogona kuitika mushure mekugamuchira chirwere chefuru. Inosanganisira kuoma mitezo kwenguva pfupi.

Kana iwe uri panjodzi yakanyanya yezvinetso uye wakambove neGBS, iwe unogona kunge uchiri kukodzera kurapwa. Taura nachiremba wako kuti uone kana uchigona kuzvigamuchira.

Kupindwa nechando

Kana iwe uine fivha zuva rekubaiwa, iwe unofanirwa kumirira kusvikira yaenda usati wagamuchira iyo pfuti.

Pane here mimwe mhedzisiro kune chirwere chekurwara?

Flu shots yakachengeteka kune vanhu vazhinji. Vanhu vazhinji zvisirizvo vanofungidzira kuti mushonga wefuruwenza unogona kuvapa dzihwa. Iwe haugone kuwana dzihwa kubva ku flu flu.

Asi vamwe vanhu vanogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita sefuru mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekugamuchira mushonga.

Mhedzisiro yemhedzisiro yefuru inopfura inosanganisira:

• yakaderera-giredhi fivha
• kuzvimba, tsvuku, nyoro nzvimbo yakatenderedza jekiseni saiti
• kutonhora kana kutemwa nemusoro

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuitika apo muviri wako unopindura kubayiwa uye wovaka masoja ekudzivirira muviri ayo ekupedzisira anobatsira kudzivirira kurwara. Zviratidzo zvinowanzo nyoro uye zvinopera mukati mezuva kana maviri.

Ndeapi majekiseni ekudzivirira chirwere aripo?

Iyo furu inopfura inowanikwa mune mamwe mafomu, anosanganisira yakakwira-dosi, intradermal, uye nasal spray.

Yakakwira-dose furu inopfura

Chikafu neDrug Administration (FDA) yakabvumidza mushonga wepamusoro-wefuru (Fluzone High-Dose) kune vanhu makumi matanhatu nemashanu zvichikwira.

Sezvo immune system mhinduro ichipera simba nezera, iyo inowanzo furu yekudzivirira inowanzo isiri inoshanda mune vanhu ava. Ivo vari pangozi yakanyanya yezvinetso zvine chekuita nefuru uye kufa.

Mushonga uyu une zvakapetwa kana huwandu hwemaantigen zvichienzaniswa neyakajairika dhosi. Maantigeni ndiwo zvikamu zvemushonga wekudzivirira furuwenza unomutsa gadziriro yezvirwere mumuviri, iyo inorwisa hutachiona hwechirwere.

Yakasimbisa vamwe kuti jekiseni repamusoro-soro rine huwandu hwehukama hwekudzivirira (RVE) muvanhu vakuru makumi matanhatu nemashanu nekure kupfuura muyero weyero.

Intradermal furu inopfura

Iyo FDA yakabvumidza rumwe rudzi rwejekiseni, Fluzone Intradermal. Mushonga uyu ndewevanhu vari pakati pemakore gumi nemasere kusvika makumi matanhatu nematanhatu ekuberekwa.

Iyo chaiyo furu inopfurwa inoiswa mukati memhasuru dzeruoko. Mushonga wekudzivirira muviri unoshandisa tsono diki dzinopinda pasi peganda chete.

Tsono idzi idiki makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana pane idzo dzinoshandiswa pakurapa dzihwa. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti hutachiona hwe intradermal chisarudzo chinokwezva kana uchitya tsono.

Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakangofanana neyakajairika furuu kupfura, asi mhedzisiro inowanzoitika. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera maitiro panzvimbo yejojo:

• kuzvimba
• kutsvuka
• hukasha
• kuvava

Sekureva kweCDC, vamwe vanhu vanogashira mushonga weiyo intradermal vanogona zvakare kuona:

• musoro
• tsandanyama aches
• kuneta

Iyi mhedzisiro inofanirwa kunyangarika mukati memazuva matatu kusvika manomwe.

Mushonga wekudzivirira mushonga

Kana ukasangana nemamiriro matatu anotevera, unogona kuve unokodzera fomu yemumhino yekudzivirira furuwenza (LAIV FluMist):

• Iwe hauna chirwere chisingaperi.
• Hauna nhumbu.
• Iwe uri pakati pemakore maviri kusvika makumi mana nemapfumbamwe ekuberekwa.
• Unotya tsono.

Sekureva kweCDC, pfapfaidzo inenge yakaenzana nefuruu inopfurwa mukushanda kwayo.

Nekudaro, vamwe vanhu havafanirwe kugamuchira mushonga wefuruwenza mumhino yekupfapfaidza fomu. Sekureva kweCDC, vanhu ava vanosanganisira:

• vana vari pasi pemakore maviri ekuberekwa
• vakuru vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu ekuberekwa
• vanhu vane nhoroondo yekusawirirana nechero chinhu chinowanikwa mumushonga
• vana vari pasi pegumi nemana vanogamuchira maaspirin- kana salicylate-ine mishonga
• vana vane makore maviri kusvika mana ekuberekwa vane asthma kana nhoroondo yekufema mumwedzi gumi nembiri yapfuura
• vanhu vane immune immune isina kusimba
• vanhu vasina tsinga kana neasinga shande
• vakadzi vane pamuviri
• vanhu vane kuvuza kunoshanda pakati pecerebrospinal fluid nemuromo, mhuno, nzeve, kana dehenya
• vanhu vane cochlear implants
• vanhu vakatora furuwenza antiviral zvinodhaka mukati memazuva gumi nemanomwe apfuura

Vanhu vane hanya zvakanyanya nevanhu vasina immunocompromised vanhu vanoda nharaunda yakachengetedzwa vanofanirwa kudzivirira kusangana navo kwemazuva manomwe mushure mekugamuchira mushonga wemhino.

Chero ani ane aya mamiriro anoyambirwa nezve kutora mushonga wemhino:

• asthma muvanhu vane makore mashanu zvichikwira
• mamiriro ezvekurapa aine njodzi huru yekukanganiswa nefuruwenza
• chirwere chakakomba kana kana pasina fever
• Guillain-Barré syndrome mukati memavhiki matanhatu zvichitevera imwe yero yekudzivirira furuwenza

Kana mwana wako ari pakati pemakore maviri neasere uye asina kumbobvira awana mushonga wekudzivirira furu, anofanira kupihwa mushonga wekudzora wemhino kare. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ivo vanozoda wechipiri dhivhisi mavhiki mana mushure mekutanga.

Tora woenda nazvo

Iyo yemwaka furuu inopfurwa mukutanga kwekudonha ndiyo chete nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira kubva kurwara, kunyanya kana COVID-19 ichiri njodzi. Zvinokwanisika kuva nezvose panguva imwe chete, saka kushingairira kutarisirwa kunodiwa seye flu mwaka mwaka unokwira.

Iko hakuna vimbiso yekuti kuwana jekiseni rekudzivirira furuji kunokudzivirira iwe kubva kubatwa nefuruwenza, asi ongororo dzakaratidza kuti zvinogona kudzikisira kuomarara kwechirwere kana chikawanikwa.

Iwe unogona kuronga musangano kuti ugamuchire chirwere chefuru kuhofisi yechiremba wako kana kukiriniki yemunharaunda. Flu shots inowanikwa zvakanyanya kuma pharmacy uye kuzvitoro zvekutengesa, pasina musangano unodiwa.

Zvimwe zvivakwa zvaimbopa mishonga yekudzivirira furuu, senzvimbo dzekushandira, zvinogona kunge zvisiri zvekuvharwa kubva kuCOVID-19. Dana kumberi kana usina chokwadi.