Orotracheal intubation: chii icho, chii chaicho uye kuti inoitwa sei

Zvemukati

• Chii ichochi
• Intubation inoitwa sei
• Kana isingafanirwe kuitwa
• Zvinogona kuitika

Orotracheal intubation, inowanzo kuzivikanwa chete seintubation, maitiro ayo chiremba anoisa chubhu kubva pamuromo wemunhu kuenda kune trachea, kuitira kuchengetedza nzira yakavhurika kuenda kumapapu uye kuona kufema kwakaringana. Iyi chubhu yakabatana zvakare nemuchina wekufema, iyo inotsiva mashandiro emhasuru yekufema, kusundira mweya mumapapu.

Nekudaro, intubation inoratidzirwa apo chiremba anoda kuve nehutongi hwakazara pamusoro pekufema kwemunhu, izvo zvinoitika kazhinji kazhinji panguva yekuvhiya pamwe neanesthesia yakajairika kana kuchengetedza kufema mune vanhu vari muchipatara mune chakakomba mamiriro.

Maitiro aya anofanirwa kungoitwa nenyanzvi yehutano uye munzvimbo ine michina yakakwana, senge zvipatara, sezvo paine njodzi yekukuvadza zvakanyanya panzira yemhepo.

Chii ichochi

Orotracheal intubation inoitwa kana zvichidikanwa kudzora zvizere nzira yemhepo, iyo inogona kuve inodikanwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai se:

• Kuva pasi peanesthesia yekuvhiya;
• Kurapa kwakanyanya muvanhu vane mamiriro akakomba;
• Cardiorespiratory kusungwa;
• Kuvharirwa kwemweya, senge glottis edema.

Uyezve, chero dambudziko rehutano rinogona kukanganisa nzira dzekufema dzinogona zvakare kuve chiratidzo cheiyo intubation, sezvo zvichidikanwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mapapu anoramba achiwana oxygen.

Kune machubhu ehukuru hwakasiyana hweiyo intubation, uye chii chakasiyana iyo dhayamita, yakanyanya kuve 7 ne8 mm muvanhu vakuru. Panyaya yevana, saizi yehubhu yeiyo intubation inoitwa zvinoenderana nezera.

Intubation inoitwa sei

Intubation inoitwa nemunhu akarara kumusana kwavo uye kazhinji haana chaanoziva, uye mune yekuvhiya, intubation inoitwa chete mushure mekutanga kweanesthesia, sezvo intubation iri nzira isingafadzi zvakanyanya.

Kuti uite intubation nemazvo, panodiwa vanhu vaviri: mumwe anochengeta mutsipa wakachengeteka, kuve nechokwadi chekuenderana kwemuzongoza uye nzira yemhepo, uye imwe yekuisa iyo chubhu. Kuchengeta uku kwakakosha zvakanyanya mushure me Tsaona kana muvanhu vanosimbiswa kukuvara musana, kudzivirira kukuvara kwemuzongoza.

Zvino, ndiani arikuita intubation anofanira kudhonza chirebvu chemunhu kumashure ndokuvhura muromo wemunhu kumisikidza laryngoscope mumuromo, chinova chinhu chinoenda panotangira nzira yemhepo uye chinokutendera kuti utarise glottis netambo dzemazwi. Ipapo, iyo intubation chubhu inoiswa kuburikidza nemuromo uye kuburikidza nekuvhurwa kweiyo glottis.

Chekupedzisira, chubhu yacho inosungirirwa panzvimbo iyi nebharumu diki remweya uye yakabatana nemuchina wekufema, iyo inotsiva basa remhasuru yekufema uye inobvumidza mweya kusvika mumapapu.

Kana isingafanirwe kuitwa

Pane zvishoma zvinopesana ne orotracheal intubation, sezvo iri nzira yekukurumidzira iyo inobatsira kuona kufema. Nekudaro, maitiro aya anofanirwa kudzivirirwa mune vanhu vane imwe mhando yekuchekwa mutrachea, nesarudzo ichipihwa kuvhiya kunoisa iyo chubhu munzvimbo.

Kuvapo kwekukuvara kwemuzongoza hakusi kupesana kweiyo intubation, sezvo zvichikwanisika kudzikamisa mutsipa kuti urege kuwedzera kana kukonzera kukuvara kwemutsipa wesipinini.

Zvinogona kuitika

Dambudziko rakakomba kwazvo rinogona kuitika mukufungidzira ndeyekuiswa kwehubhu munzvimbo isiriyo, senge mudumbu, kutumira mweya mudumbu panzvimbo pemapapu, zvichikonzera kushayikwa kwe oxygen.

Uye zvakare, kana ikasaitwa nenyanzvi yezvehutano, intubation inogona kukonzeresa nzira yekufema, kubuda ropa uye kutotungamira mukushuvira kwemarutsi mumapapu.