Nei Kufutisa kuri uye Kusingafungidzirwe Chirwere

Zvemukati

• Kuneta kunoyerwa sei?
• Muviri mashoma index
• Chiuno chakakomberedza
• Chii chinonzi chirwere?
• Zvikonzero kufutisa kunoonekwa sechirwere
• Zvikonzero kufutisa hazvionekwe sechirwere
• Mamiriro akaomarara ekuneta

Kufutisa inyaya yakaoma yehutano hweveruzhinji izvo nyanzvi dzezvokurapa dzava kubvuma kuti dzine zvinhu zvakawanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvisikwa zvepanyama, zvepfungwa, uye nemajini.

Tichatsanangura kufutisa sezvinoita nyanzvi dzezvokurapa parizvino. Tichaongorora zvakare zvirevo uye gakava kubva kunharaunda yekurapa nezvekuti vanhu vanofanira kuona kufutisa sechirwere here.

Masangano makuru ekurapa anotarisa kufutisa chirwere, nepo vamwe vezvekurapa vasingabvumirani. Heino chikonzero.

Kuneta kunoyerwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanofunga kufutisa semamiriro ekuti munhu anowedzera mafuta emuviri akawandisa, anozivikanwawo seadipose tishu. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa izwi rekuti "kuda." Izwi iri rinotsanangura mamiriro ekuwedzera mafuta munyama mumuviri.

Kutakura aya mamwe mafuta kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano, kusanganisira rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga mellitus, kuwedzerwa kweropa, uye chirwere chemwoyo checoronary.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa zviyero senge huremu hwemuviri, kureba kwemuviri, uye kuvaka muviri kutsanangura kufutisa. Zvimwe zvezviyero zvinosanganisira:

Muviri mashoma index

Muviri masero indekisi (BMI) kukarukureta huremu mumapaundi akapatsanurwa nehurefu mumamasendimita akaenzana, akawedzeredzwa ne703, ayo anoshandiswa kushandura chiyero kuenda kuchikamu cheBMI mu kg / m².

Semuenzaniso, munhu akareba 5 tsoka, 6 inches kure uye 150 mapaundi angave aine BMI ye 24.2 kg / m².

IAmerican Society yeMetabolic uye Bariatric Kuvhiya inotsanangura matatu makirasi ekuneta kunobva pane huwandu hweBMI:Chirwere chekufutisa. (nd). https://asmbs.org/patients/disease-of-obesity

• kirasi I kufutisa: BMI ye30 kusvika 34.9
• kirasi II kufutisa, kana kufutisa kwakakomba: BMI ye35 kusvika 39.9
• kirasi III kufutisa, kana kufutisa kwakanyanya: BMI ye40 uye yepamusoro

Calculator yeBMI senge iyo yakapihwa ne kana nechirwere cheshuga Canada inogona kuve nzvimbo yekutangira, asi BMI yoga hazvireve kuti zvine hutano kune munhu wega wega.

Chiuno chakakomberedza

Kuve nemafuta akakura emudumbu maererano neakasara emuviri kunokonzeresa njodzi huru yezvinetso zvehutano. Saka munhu anogona kunge aine BMI iri mu "overweight" renji (chikamu chisati chakanyanya kufutisa), zvakadaro vanachiremba vanovaona sevanonyanya kufutisa nekuda kwechiuno chechiuno.

Unogona kuwana chiuno chako chihure nekuyera chiuno chako pamusoro pechiuno chako chete. Sekureva kweCDC, munhu ari panjodzi huru yemamiriro ane chekuita nekufutisa kana chiuno chechiuno chiri pamusoro pe40 masendimita emurume uye masendimita makumi matatu kumukadzi asina nhumbu.Nezve mukuru BMI. (2017).

Zviyero zvakaita seBMI uye chiuno chakatenderedza fungidziro yehuwandu hwemafuta munhu anayo. Ivo havana kukwana.

Semuenzaniso, vamwe vavaki vemuviri uye vatambi vekuita vanogona kunge vane mhasuru zvekuti vane BMI inowira mune yakawandisa renji.

Vazhinji vanachiremba vanoshandisa BMI kuita yavo yakanyanya fungidziro nezve kufutisa mumunhu, asi izvi zvinogona kunge zvisiri zvechokwadi kune wese munhu.

Chii chinonzi chirwere?

Mushure mezviyero zvinotsanangura kufutisa, vanachiremba vanofanirwa kufunga kuti izwi rekuti "chirwere" rinorevei. Izvi zvakaratidza kuomarara sekushushikana kuri kuita.

Semuenzaniso, komisheni yenyanzvi ya2008 yeThe Obesity Society yakaedza kutsanangura "chirwere."Allison DB, et al. (2012). Kufutisa sechirwere: Chichena bepa pane humbowo uye nharo dzakatumirwa nedare reThe Obesity Society. DOI:
10.1038 / oby.2008.231 Vakagumisa izwi iri rakaomesesa kuti rinyatsotsanangurwa. Kusiyana nezviyero zvesainzi zvine equation uye manhamba kumashure kwavo, "chirwere" hachigone kuve nedudziro yakatemwa-uye-yakaoma.

Kunyangwe dudziro yeduramazwi haitsanangure izwi rinopfuura iro rakajairika. Semuenzaniso, heino iyo iri muMerriam-Webster's:

"Mamiriro emhuka mhenyu kana muviri wemuti kana chimwe chikamu chayo chinokanganisa mashandiro anoita uye chinowanzooneswa nekusiyanisa zviratidzo nezviratidzo."

Izvo zvinozivikanwa navanachiremba pane musiyano mumaonero veruzhinji, makambani einishuwarenzi, uye akasiyana masangano ehutano anoona mamiriro anoonekwa nevakawanda sechirwere maringe nechisiri icho.

Muna 2013, American Medical Association (AMA) Imba yeVamiriri nhengo dzakavhota pamusangano wavo wepagore kutsanangura kufutisa sechirwere.Kyle T, et al. (2017). Nezve kufutisa sechirwere: Kuchinja marongero uye zvazvinoreva. DOI:
Sarudzo iyi yakamboita nharo nekuti yakapesana nezvakakurudzirwa neAMA's Council on Science and Public Health.Pollack A. (2013). AMA inoona kufutisa sechirwere. Iyo New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/19/business/ama-recognizes-obesity-as-a-disease.html

Kanzuru yakanga yaongorora musoro wenyaya uye haina kukurudzira kuti vamiriri vatsanangure kufutisa sechirwere. Nekudaro, vamiriri vakaita mazano avo nekuti hapana nzira dzakavimbika uye dzakajeka dzekuyera kufutisa.

Sarudzo yeAMAA yakamutsa iri gakava rinopfuurira pamusoro pekuoma kwekuneta, kusanganisira nzira yekurapa nayo zvinobudirira.

Zvikonzero kufutisa kunoonekwa sechirwere

Makore ekutsvagurudza akatungamira vanachiremba kupedzisa kuti kufutisa hunhu hunopfuura iyo "pfungwa-mukati, macalorie-kunze" pfungwa.

Semuenzaniso, vanachiremba vakawana mamwe majini anogona kuwedzera nzara yemunhu, izvo zvinovatungamira kuti vadye chikafu chakawanda.Kufutisa kwevanhu vakuru kunokonzeresa & mhedzisiro. (2017).
Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kufutisa.

Zvakare, zvimwe zvirwere zvekurapa kana kusagadzikana zvinogona kukonzera kuti munhu awedzere uremu. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:

• hypothyroidism
• Chirwere cheCushing
• polycystic ovary chirwere

Kutora mimwe mishonga kune mamwe mamiriro ehutano kunogona zvakare kutungamira mukurema. Mienzaniso inosanganisira zvimwe zvinodzvinyirira.

Vanachiremba vanoziva zvakare kuti vanhu vaviri vakaenzana vanogona kudya kudya kumwe chete, uye mumwe anogona kunge akafuta asi mumwe asiri. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita seyakadzika metabolic rate yemunhu (mangani macalorie muviri wavo unopisa pazororo) nezvimwe zvinhu zvehutano.

AMA harisi iro rega sangano rinoona kufutisa sechirwere. Zvimwe izvo zvinosanganisira:

• Sangano Rinoona nezve Utano Pasi pose
• Pasi Pose Kufutisa Federation
• Canadian Medical Sangano
• Kufutisa Canada

Zvikonzero kufutisa hazvionekwe sechirwere

Havasi vese nyanzvi dzekurapa dzinobvumirana neAMA. Izvi ndizvo zvimwe zvezvimwe zvikonzero vamwe vangaramba pfungwa yekuti kufutisa chirwere, zvichipiwa nzira dzazvino dzekuyera kufutisa nezviratidzo zvacho:

Iko hakuna yakajeka nzira yekuyera kufutisa. Nekuti iyo body mass index haishande kune wese munhu, senge kutsungirira vatambi uye weightlifters, vanachiremba havagone kushandisa BMI kutsanangura kufutisa.

Kufutisa hakuwanzo kuratidza kusagadzikana kwehutano. Kufutisa kunogona kuva njodzi kune mamwe mamiriro ekurapa, asi hazvireve kuti munhu anozove nematambudziko ehutano.

Vamwe vanachiremba havadi kudaidzira kufutisa kuti chirwere nekuti kufutisa hakukonzere kukanganisa kwehutano.

Zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinokonzeresa kufutisa, zvimwe zvacho zvisingagoni kudzorwa. Nepo kudya sarudzo uye chiitiko chemuviri chiitiko chichigona kutora chikamu, saka zvinogona genetics.

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvokurapa dzinoratidza kunetseka kuti kunzi kufutisa chirwere "kunogona kukurudzira tsika yekusava nehanya."Anotema Matombo K, et al. (2014). Ko American Medical Association yakaita sarudzo chaiyo ichiratidzira kufutisa sechirwere? DOI:
Nekuti vanachiremba vanogara vachida kuti varwere vavo vatore chinhanho muhutano hwavo, vamwe vanonetseka kuronga kufutisa sechirwere chinogona kukanganisa mabatiro anoita vanhu hutano hwavo kana kufunga nezvesarudzo uye kugona kwavo.

Kutsanangura kufutisa sechirwere kunogona kuwedzera rusarura kune avo vane kufutisa. Mamwe mapoka, akadai seFat Acceptance at Every Size movement neInternational Size Acceptance Association, varatidza kunetsekana kuti kutsanangura kufutisa sechirwere kunotendera kuti vamwe vaparadzanise nekuisa vanhu sevakakora.

Mamiriro akaomarara ekuneta

Kufutisa inyaya yakaoma uye inoshungurudza vanhu vazhinji. Vatsvakurudzi vanoziva kuti pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvirikutamba, zvinosanganisira genetics, mararamiro, psychology, nharaunda, nezvimwe.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvekufutisa zvinodzivirirwa - munhu anogona kuita shanduko pakudya kwavo uye kurovedza muviri kuvaka uye nekuchengetedza moyo wavo hutano, kugona kwemapapu, huwandu uye nekumhanya kwekufamba, uye nyaradzo.

Nekudaro, vanachiremba vanoziva kuti vamwe vanhu vanoita shanduko idzi, zvakadaro vachiri kutadza kurasikirwa nehuremu hwakakura.

Nezvikonzero izvi, gakava pamusoro pekufutisa sechirwere rinogona kuramba richienderera kudzamara dzimwe nzira dzekuverengera uye nekuvimbika kuona kufutisa kuchizobuda.