Cutaneous leishmaniasis: chii zvazviri, zviratidzo uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zvikuru
• 1. Yakatemwa leishmaniasis
• 2. Mucous kana mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
• Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa
• Kurapwa kunoitwa sei
• Nzira yekudzivirira

Human cutaneous leishmaniasis chirwere chinotapukira icho chinopararira kutenderera pasirese, chinokonzerwa nekuda kwehutachiona neprotozoanLeishmania, iyo inokonzeresa maronda asingarwadzi paganda uye mucous membranes yemuviri.

MuBrazil, leishmaniasis yekuAmerica inocheka, inozivikanwa se "bauru ulcer" kana "chironda chemusango", inoparadzirwa nezvipembenene zvejenasiLutzomyia, inozivikanwa semosquito wehuswa, uye kurapwa kunoitwa pasi pekutungamira kwachiremba, uye zvinogona kudikanwa kushandisa mishonga inobaya jekiseni, inozivikanwa seapentavalent antimonials.

Nzira yekubata chirwere iri kuburikidza nekurumwa kwechipembenene, icho chakashatiswa ne Leishmania mushure mekurumwa kwevanhu kana mhuka dzine chirwere ichi, kunyanya imbwa, katsi nemakonzo, uye, nekudaro, chirwere hachiparadziranwe uye hapana kutapurirana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu. Izvo zvipembenene zvinoparadzira leishmaniasis zvinowanzogara munzvimbo dzinopisa, dzine hunyoro uye dzine rima, kunyanya mumasango kana mumashure nekuunganidzwa kwetsvina.

Zviratidzo zvikuru

Aya mafomu akakosha ekuratidzira akacheka leishmaniasis ndeaya:

1. Yakatemwa leishmaniasis

Cutaneous leishmaniasis ndiyo yakajairika fomu rechirwere, uye kazhinji inokonzeresa kukura kweronda, iro:

• Inotanga sebundu diki panzvimbo yekurumwa;
• Inoshanduka kuva neronda rakavhurika risingarwadzi mumavhiki mashoma kana mwedzi;
• Anoporesa zvishoma nezvishoma pasina kudiwa kwekurapwa pakati pemwedzi miviri kusvika gumi nemashanu;
• Lymph node inogona kuzvimba uye inorwadza.

Iyo ronda inoyera kubva pamamirimita mashoma kusvika kune mashoma masendimita, ine kuomarara kuenderana nemakwiriro akasimudzwa uye yepasi tsvuku iyo inogona kunge iine zvakavanzika. Kana paine hutachiona hwehutachiona hwakabatana hunogona kukonzera marwadzo emuno uye kugadzira purulent secretion.

Pamusoro pechinyakare chironda chemuno, chimiro chekuratidzwa kwemaronda chinogona kusiyana, zvinoenderana nerudzi rweprotozoan inoitisa uye hutachiona hwemunhu, uye inogona zvakare kuoneka semapundu anoparadzirwa nemuviri kana kupinda mukati meganda, semuenzaniso.

2. Mucous kana mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Izvo zvinowanzoitika zvisingawanzoitika, kazhinji yenguva inoonekwa mushure meiyo yakasarudzika cutaneous lesion, uye inoratidzirwa nemaronda anoparadza mune mucosa yemusoro wedenga mweya, senge mhino, oropharynx, marata, miromo, rurimi, larynx uye, zvakanyanya kuomarara, trachea uye chikamu chepamusoro chemapapu.

Mune mucosa, kutsvuka, kuzvimba, kupinda mukati uye ulceration kunogona kucherechedzwa uye, kana paine hutachiona hwechipiri nemabhakitiriya, maronda anogona kuunza ne purulent kubuda uye crust. Uye zvakare, mune mucosa yemhino, panogona kuve nekuzadzwa kana kunyangwe kuparadzwa kwetikoriyamu septum uye, mumuromo, panogona kuve nekuzadzwa kwemukanwa munyoro.

Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa

Muzviitiko zvakawanda chiremba anokwanisa kuongorora leishmaniasis yakagurwa chete nekucherechedza maronda nekumhan'arira murwere, kunyanya kana murwere achirarama kana anga ari kumatunhu akabatwa nechirwere ichi. Nekudaro, chirwere ichi chinogona zvakare kuvhiringidzwa nemamwe matambudziko senge anocheka tibhii, hutachiona hwefungus kana maperembudzi, semuenzaniso.

Nekudaro, zvinogona zvakare kuve zvakakosha kuita ongororo yekuongorora iyo pane zvimwe zvingasarudzika, senge inoongorora ganda rinogadziriswa leishmaniasis, inonzi Intradermoreaction yeMontenegro, kuongororwa kwechishuwo kana biopsy yechironda, kuziva hutachiona, kana ropa bvunzo, ELISA kana PCR.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti urangarire kuti leishmaniasis inogona zvakare kuzviratidza pachayo nenzira yayo yakaoma kwazvo, inova visceral, inozivikanwawo se kala azar. Ichi chirwere chinoshanduka zvakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune cutaneous leishmaniasis, ichipararira kuburikidza neropa. Nzwisisa maitiro ekuziva visceral leishmaniasis.

Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Maronda eakagurwa leishmaniasis anowanzopora pasina kudiwa kwekurapwa. Nekudaro, kana iri maronda anowedzera mukukura, akakura kwazvo, anowanda kana ari kumeso, maoko nemajoini, zvinogona kukurudzirwa kurapwa pamwe nemishonga, senge makirimu nemajekiseni, anotungamirwa nedermatologists .

Mishonga yekusarudzwa kwekutanga pakurapa leishmaniasis ndeyepentavalent antimonials, iyo, muBrazil, inomiririrwa neN-methylglucamine antimoniate kana Glucantime, inogadzirwa mazuva ese, epamuviri kana epasi madhiri, kwemazuva makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu.

Kana maronda akatapukirwa panguva yekurapa, zvinogona zvakare kurairwa nemukoti kuti atarisirwe zvirinani uye kudzivirira kukuvadza ronda.

Uye zvakare, mushure mekuporeswa, mavanga anogona kuramba ari paganda uye anokonzeresa shanduko yekushongedza. Naizvozvo, zvingave zvakafanira kuita kuraira kwepfungwa kana kushandira pakuvhiya kwepurasitiki kurapa shanduko kumeso, semuenzaniso.

Nzira yekudzivirira

Kuti udzivise kutapuriranwa kwe leishmaniasis, zvakakosha kuti uise mari muhunhu hweumwe neumwe pamwe se:

• Shandisa zvinodzinga kana uri munzvimbo dzinowanikwa huswa hweumhutu, uye dzivisa kusvibiswa munguva dzehumhutu hwakanyanya;
• Shandisa mambure akanaka emosquito mambure, pamwe nekuisa sikirini pamikova nemahwindo;
• Chengetedza ivhu nemayadhi ari pedyo zvakachena, kubvisa marara uye tsvina, uye kuchekerera miti, kudzikisira hunyoro hunofambisa kubereka kweumhutu nenhunzi;
• Dzivisa marara ehupenyu muvhu, kuti arege kukwezva mhuka, dzakaita semakonzo, anogona kunge aine chirwere ichi;
• Chengetedza zvipfuwo kunze kwemba husiku, kuitira kuti udzikise kukwezva kweumhutu nenhunzi kunzvimbo ino;
• Dzivisa kuvaka dzimba dzisingasviki 4000 kana 500 metres kubva musango.

Pamusoro pezvo, pamberi pemaronda asingarape nyore, uye izvo zvinogona kuratidza chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro kunzvimbo yehutano kuitira kuti zvikonzeresa uye kurapwa kwakakodzera zvionekwe nekukurumidza.