Ndezvipi Zviratidzo uye Kupona Mitengo yeMelanoma neChikamu?

Zvemukati

• Pfungwa dzakakosha
• Chii chinonzi melanoma?
• Melanoma inorongwa sei?
• Chikamu 0
• Chikamu 1
• Chikamu 2
• Chikamu 3
• Chikamu 4
• Kupona kwemitengo
• Iva nesimba

Pfungwa dzakakosha

• Pane zvikamu zvishanu zvemelanoma kubva padanho 0 kusvika padanho rechina.
• Kupona kwehuwandu kungori fungidziro uye hazviite pakupedzisira kusarudzira kusarudzika kweumwe munhu.
• Kutanga kuongororwa kunowedzera zvakanyanya kupona kwehuwandu.

Chii chinonzi melanoma?

Melanoma imhando yekenza inotanga mumasero eganda ayo anogadzira pigment melanin. Melanoma inowanzotanga sedema rerima paganda. Nekudaro, inogona zvakare kuumba mune mamwe materu, senge ziso kana muromo.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti utarise ziso rema moles uye shanduko muganda rako, sezvo melanoma inogona kuuraya kana ikapararira. Pakanga paine vanhu vanopfuura zviuru gumi vakafa kubva kune melanoma muUnited States muna 2016.

Melanoma inorongwa sei?

Matanho eMelanoma anogoverwa uchishandisa iyo TNM system.

Chikamu chechirwere ichi chinoratidza kuti kenza yakafambira mberi zvakadii nekufunga saizi yebundu, ringave rakapararira kunhengo dzemuviri, uye kana richipararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Chiremba anogona kuona chinogona kuitika melanoma panguva yemuviri bvunzo uye osimbisa kuongororwa pamwe nebiopsy, uko iyo turu inobviswa kuti ione kana iri cancer.

Asi hunyanzvi hwakawandisa, hwakadai sePET scans uye sentinel lymph node biopsies, zvakafanira kuona danho rekenza kana kuti rakafambira mberi zvakadii.

Pane zvikamu zvishanu zvemelanoma. Chikamu chekutanga chinonzi danho 0, kana melanoma in situ. Chikamu chekupedzisira chinonzi nhanho 4. Kupona kwehuwandu kunodzikira nematanho ekupedzisira emelanoma.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti mwero wekupona padanho rega rega ingori fungidziro. Munhu wega wega ane melanoma akasiyana, uye maonero ako anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvakasiyana zvinhu.

Chikamu 0

Chikamu 0 melanoma inonziwo melanoma in situ. Izvi zvinoreva kuti muviri wako une mamwe maranocytes asina kujairika. Melanocyte ndiwo maseru anogadzira melanin, chinova chinhu chinowedzera pigment paganda.

Panguva ino, masero anogona kuve nekenza, asi anongova masero asina kujairika ari mudenga repamusoro peganda rako.

Melanoma in situ inogona kutaridzika sediki diki. Kunyangwe zvingaite kunge zvisina kukuvadza, chero matsva kana anonyumwa-anotaridzika mamaki paganda rako anofanirwa kuongororwa nedermatologist.

Chikamu 1

Muchikamu, bundu rinosvika 2 mm gobvu. Inogona kana kuti inogona kuve nemaronda, izvo zvinoratidza kana bundu racho ratsemuka nepakati peganda. Gomarara harina kupararira kuma lymph node ari padyo kana kunzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri.

Kwechikamu 0 uye nhanho 1, kuvhiya ndiko kurapwa kukuru. Yechikamu chekutanga, sentinel node biopsy inogona kukurudzirwa mune dzimwe nguva.

Chikamu 2

Stage 2 melanoma zvinoreva kuti bundu rinopfuura 1 mm gobvu uye rinogona kunge rakakura kana kuti rakura rakadzika mukati meganda. Inogona kuve ulcerated kana kwete ulcerated. Gomarara harina kupararira kuma lymph node ari padyo kana kunzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri.

Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu rekenza ndiyo yakajairwa nzira yekurapa. Chiremba anogona zvakare kuraira sentinel lymph node biopsy kuti aone kufambira mberi kwekenza.

Chikamu 3

Panguva ino, bundu rinogona kunge riri diki kana hombe. Muchikamu chechitatu melanoma, kenza yapararira kune iyo lymph system. Haina kupararira kumativi ari kure emuviri.

Kuvhiya kubvisa cancerous tishu uye lymph node zvinogoneka. Radiation kurapa uye kurapwa nemimwe mishonga ine simba zvakare yakajairika nhanho 3 kurapwa.

Chikamu 4

Stage 4 melanoma zvinoreva kuti gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, senge mapapu, huropi, kana zvimwe nhengo uye nyama.

Inogona kunge yakapararira kuma lymph node ari chinhambwe chakanaka kubva pabundu rekutanga. Stage 4 melanoma inowanzo kuve yakaoma kurapa nemishonga yazvino.

Kuvhiya, radiation, immunotherapy, yakanangwa kurapa uye chemotherapy sarudzo dzekurapa nhanho yechina melanoma. Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunogona zvakare kukurudzirwa.

Kupona kwemitengo

Makore mashanu ekupona kwemaranoma, zvinoenderana neAmerican Cancer Society ndeaya:

• Yemunharaunda (kenza haina kupararira kupfuura kwayakatangira): 99 muzana
• Dunhu (kenza yakapararira padyo / kune iyo lymph node): 65 muzana
• Kure (gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri): 25 muzana

Iyo yemakore mashanu ekupona mwero inoratidza varwere vakagara angangoita makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa.

Zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa kupona mitengo ndeizvi:

• zviitiko zvitsva mukurapwa kwekenza
• hunhu hwemunhu uye hutano hwakakwana
• mhinduro yemunhu pakurapwa

Iva nesimba

Muchikamu chayo chekutanga, melanoma chirwere chinorapika. Asi gomarara rinofanira kuzivikanwa nekurapwa nekukasira.

Kana iwe ukamboona nyowani nyowani kana mucherechedzo mucherechedzo paganda rako, nekukurumidza wana dermatologist uiongorore. Kana mamiriro akaita seHIV achishayisa simba immune yako, kuongororwa kunonyanya kukosha.

Imwe yedzakanakisa nzira dzekudzivirira kuita gomarara reganda kupfeka girazi rinodzivirira zuva nguva dzese. Kupfeka mbatya dzinodzivirira kuzuva, senge sun-block shirts, zvinobatsirawo.

Zvakakosha kuti uzvizive neABCDE nzira, iyo inogona kukubatsira kuti uone kana chipfukuto chingangoita cancer.