Kenza Yemumuromo

Zvemukati

• Mhando dzekenza dzemumuromo
• Njodzi zvinhu zvekuvandudza gomarara remuromo
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara remuromo?
• Kenza yemukanwa inoonekwa sei?
• Ndeapi matanho ekenza yemukanwa?
• Kenza yemuromo inorapwa sei?
• Kuvhiya
• Radiation kurapa
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted kurapwa
• Chikafu
• Kuchengeta muromo wako uine hutano
• Kupora kubva pakurapwa nekenza yemukanwa
• Kugadziridza uye kugadzirisa mushure mekurapa kenza yemukanwa
• Outlook

Mhedziso

Gomarara remumuromo igomarara rinobuda mumatumbu emuromo kana pahuro. Ndeyeboka rakakura remagomarara anonzi kanzuru yemusoro neyemutsipa. Mazhinji anokura mumaseru anokatyamadza anowanikwa mumuromo mako, rurimi nemiromo.

Vanopfuura makumi mana nemakumi mashanu ezviitiko zvekenza yemukanwa inoonekwa gore rega rega muUnited States, ichiitika kazhinji muvanhu vanopfuura makore makumi mana ekuberekwa. Kenza dzemumuromo dzinowanzo kuwanikwa mushure mekunge dzapararira kune ma lymph node emutsipa. Kuonekwa kwekutanga kwakakosha pakurarama gomarara remuromo. Dzidza nezve izvo zvinomutsa njodzi yako, nhanho dzayo, uye nezvimwe.

Mhando dzekenza dzemumuromo

Kenza dzemumuromo dzinosanganisira kanzura dze:

• miromo
• rurimi
• mutsara wepakati wedama
• matadza
• uriri hwemuromo
• yakaoma uye yakapfava mukanwa

Chiremba wako wemazino anowanzo kuve wekutanga mutano wezvehutano kuona zviratidzo zvekenza yemuromo. Kuwana binogual mazino kuongororwa kuno chengeta chiremba wemazino wako kusvika parizvino pahutano hwemuromo wako.

Njodzi zvinhu zvekuvandudza gomarara remuromo

Imwe yenjodzi huru yechirwere chekenza yemukanwa kushandisa fodya. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuputa fodya, midzanga, uye mapaipi, pamwe nekutsenga fodya.

Vanhu vanodya huwandu hwedoro nefodya vari pangozi yakatonyanya kukura, kunyanya kana zvigadzirwa zvese zvashandiswa nguva dzose.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinosanganisira:

• hutachiona hwevanhu papillomavirus (HPV)
• kusingaperi kwezuva kumeso kwezuva
• kuongororwa kwekare kwekenza yemukanwa
• nhoroondo yemhuri yemuromo kana mamwe marudzi ekenza
• immune system isina kusimba
• kudya kwakashata
• magene syndromes
• kuva murume

Varume vanowanzo pindwa nekenza yemukanwa sevakadzi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara remuromo?

Zviratidzo zvekenza yemukanwa zvinosanganisira:

• ronda pamuromo wako kana pamuromo risingarape
• kurema kana kukura chero kupi mumuromo mako
• kubuda ropa kubva mumuromo mako
• mazino akasununguka
• kurwadziwa kana kunetseka kumedza
• kunetseka kupfeka meno ekugadzira
• bundu muhuro mako
• nzeve isinganzwi
• kurasikirwa kwekurema kunoshamisa
• muromo wezasi, kumeso, mutsipa, kana chin chiveve
• chena, tsvuku uye chena, kana tsvuku zvigamba mukati kana pamuromo wako kana pamuromo
• huro inorwadza
• kurwadziwa kweshaya kana kuomarara
• kurwadziwa kwerurimi

Zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvi, zvakaita sekurwadziwa pahuro kana nzeve, zvinogona kuratidza mamwe mamiriro. Zvisinei, kana iwe ukacherechedza chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, kunyanya kana zvikasaenda kana iwe uine vanopfuura imwe panguva, shanyira chiremba wemazino wako kana chiremba nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona. Tsvaga kuti muromo wekenza unoratidzika sei pano.

Kenza yemukanwa inoonekwa sei?

Kutanga, chiremba wako kana chiremba wemazino achaita bvunzo dzepanyama. Izvi zvinosanganisira kunyatso tarisa padenga nepasi pemuromo wako, kumashure kwehuro, rurimi, uye matama, uye ma lymph node mumutsipa wako. Kana chiremba wako asingakwanise kuona kuti nei uine zviratidzo zvako, unogona kutumirwa kune nzeve, mhino, uye huro (ENT) nyanzvi.

Kana chiremba wako akawana chero mamota, kukura, kana maronda anonyumwira, ivo vanozoita bhurashi biopsy kana tishu tishu. Bhuroshi biopsy muyedzo usingarwadzi unotora maseru kubva pabundu nekuapuruzira pasiraidhi. Nyama nyowani inosanganisira kubvisa chidimbu chemuviri kuti ugone kuongororwa pasi pe microscope yemaseru ane cancer.

Uye zvakare, chiremba wako anogona kuita imwe kana yakawanda yemiedzo inotevera:

• X-ray kuona kana masero ekenza apararira kusvika pashaya, chipfuva, kana mapapu
• CT scan kuratidza chero mamota mumuromo mako, huro, mutsipa, mapapu, kana kumwe kunhu mumuviri wako
• PET scan kuti uone kana kenza yakaenda kune lymph node kana dzimwe nhengo
• MRI scan kuratidza mufananidzo chaiwo wemusoro nemutsipa, uye kuona kukura kana danho rekenza
• endoscopy yekuongorora mhuno dzemumhino, zvitadzo, huro hwemukati, pepa remhepo, uye trachea

Ndeapi matanho ekenza yemukanwa?

Pane zvikamu zvina zvekenza yemukanwa.

• Chikamu 1: Bundu iri 2 masendimita (cm) kana diki, uye gomarara harina kupararira kune ma "lymph node".
• Chikamu chechipiri: Bundu iri pakati pe 2-4 cm, uye maseru egomarara haana kupararira kuma lymph node.
• Chikamu chechitatu: Bundu iri rinogona kunge rakakura kupfuura masendimita mana uye harina kupararira kune ma "lymph node", kana iri saizi uye rakapararira kune rimwe lymph node, asi kwete kune mamwe mativi emuviri.
• Chikamu 4: Mamota akakura chero uye maseru emukenza akapararira kumatishu ari pedyo, ma lymph node, kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Sekureva kweNational Cancer Institute, makore mashanu ekupona emukanwa uye pharynx kanzura ndeinotevera:

• 83 muzana, yekenza yemuno (iyo isina kupararira)
• 64 muzana, yekenza inopararira kune ma lymph node ari padyo
• 38 muzana, yekenza inopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri

Pakazara, zvikamu makumi matanhatu kubva muzana zvevanhu vese vane cancer yemukanwa vachararama kwemakore mashanu kana kupfuura. Iyo yekutanga nhanho yekuongororwa, inowedzera mukana wekupona mushure mekurapwa. Muchokwadi, makore mashanu ekupona kwehuwandu kune avo vane danho rekutanga uye maviri emakenza emuromo anowanzo kuve makumi manomwe kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe muzana. Izvi zvinoita kuongororwa nenguva uye kurapwa kwakanyanya kukosha.

Kenza yemuromo inorapwa sei?

Kurapa kwekenza yemukanwa kuchasiyana zvichienderana nerudzi, nzvimbo, uye nhanho yekenza pakuongororwa.

Kuvhiya

Kurapa kwematanho ekutanga kazhinji kunosanganisira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu uye cancer cancer node. Uye zvakare, zvimwe zvinyama zvakakomberedza muromo nemutsipa zvinogona kuburitswa.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation therapy ndeimwe sarudzo. Izvi zvinosanganisira chiremba anonongedza matanda emwaranzi pabundu kamwe kana kaviri pazuva, mazuva mashanu pavhiki, kwemavhiki maviri kusvika masere. Kurapa kwematanho epamberi kunowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy kurapwa nemishonga inouraya cancer maseru. Mushonga unopihwa kwauri nemuromo kana kuburikidza nemutsinga (IV) mutsetse. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana chemotherapy pachipatara chekurapa, kunyangwe vamwe vachida kurapwa.

Targeted kurapwa

Kurapa kwakanangwa ndeimwe nzira yekurapa. Inogona kuve inoshanda mune ese ekutanga uye epamberi matanho e cancer. Targeted therapy mishonga inosunga kune chaiwo mapuroteni pamasero ekenza uye inopindira nekukura kwavo.

Chikafu

Nutrition zvakare yakakosha chikamu chekurapa kenza yemukanwa. Mishonga yakawanda inoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kana zvinorwadza kudya uye kumedza, uye kushaya kudya kwekudya uye kuonda kunowanzoitika. Ita shuwa iwe unokurukura chikafu chako nachiremba wako.

Kuwana rairo yezvekudya zvinovaka muviri kunogona kukubatsira kuronga menyu yekudya inozove yakapfava pamuromo wako nehuro, uye ichapa muviri wako macalorie, mavitamini, uye zvicherwa zvinoda kupora.

Kuchengeta muromo wako uine hutano

Chekupedzisira, kuchengetedza muromo wako uine hutano panguva yekurapa kenza chikamu chakakosha pakurapa. Ita shuwa yekuchengeta muromo wako wakanyorova uye mazino ako uye matadza akachena.

Kupora kubva pakurapwa nekenza yemukanwa

Iko kupora kubva kune yega yega mhando yekurapa kuchasiyana. Zviratidzo zvePosturgery zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa uye kuzvimba, asi kubvisa tumarara tudiki kazhinji hakune chinetso chenguva refu.

Kubviswa kwemamota akakura kunogona kukanganisa kugona kwako kutsenga, kumedza, kana kutaura sezvawakaita usati wavhiyiwa. Iwe unogona zvakare kuda kuvhiya kwekuvakazve kuti uvakezve mapfupa uye zvinyama kumeso kwako zvakabviswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

Radiation Therapy inogona kukanganisa muviri. Mimwe yemhedzisiro yemhedzisiro inosanganisira:

• huro kana muromo
• yakaoma muromo uye kurasikirwa kwematevary gland basa
• kuora kwemeno
• kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• mazino anorwadza kana kubuda ropa
• hutachiona hweganda nemuromo
• kuomesa shaya uye kurwadziwa
• matambudziko ekupfeka emeno ekugadzira
• kuneta
• shanduko mukugona kwako kuravira nekunhuwidza
• shanduko muganda rako, kusanganisira kuoma uye kupisa
• kuonda
• Utachiona hunochinja

Chemotherapy mishonga inogona kuva chepfu kumasero anokurumidza kukura asiri ecancerous. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera mhedzisiro senge:

• kurasikirwa nevhudzi
• muromo unorwadza uye matadza
• kubuda ropa mukanwa
• zvakanyanya anemia
• kushaya simba
• kusadya zvakanaka
• kusvotwa
• kurutsa
• manyoka
• muromo nemiromo
• chiveve mumaoko nemumakumbo

Kupora kubva pakurapwa kwakanangwa kunowanzo kuve kushoma. Migumisiro yechirwere iyi inogona kusanganisira:

• kupindwa nechando
• musoro
• kurutsa
• manyoka
• sema seyakaitika
• kuputika kweganda

Kunyange zvazvo kurapwa uku kune migumisiro yechirwere, inowanzodiwa mukurova kenza. Chiremba wako anokurukura mhedzisiro uye achikubatsira kuyera zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira sarudzo dzako dzekurapa.

Kugadziridza uye kugadzirisa mushure mekurapa kenza yemukanwa

Vanhu vanoonekwa kuti vane gomarara repamuromo remukanwa vangangoda kuvhiyiwa kwekuvakazve uye kumwe kugadziriswa kubatsira pakudya nekutaura panguva yekupora.

Kugadzirisazve kunogona kusanganisira kudyara kwemazino kana mabhureki ekugadzirisa mapfupa uye nyama mumuromo kana kumeso. Mahwendefa ekugadzirwa anoshandiswa kutsiva chero nyama kana meno asipo.

Kuvandudza kunodiwawo kune zviitiko zvegomarara repamberi. Therapiki yekurapa inogona kupihwa kubva panguva yaunobuda mukuvhiyiwa kusvikira iwe wasvika padanho repamusoro rekuvandudza.

Outlook

Maonero emakenza emuromo anoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza pakuongororwa. Izvo zvinoenderana nehutano hwako hwese, zera rako, uye kushivirira kwako uye kupindura kurapwa. Kuongororwa kwechimbichimbi kwakakosha nekuti kurapa danho rekutanga uye danho rechipiri kanzura dzinogona kunge dzisingabatanidzwe uye dzive nemukana wakakura wekubudirira kurapwa.

Mushure mekurapwa, chiremba wako anoda kuti iwe ugare uchitariswa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti wave kupora. Kuongorora kwako kunowanzo kuve nemiedzo yepanyama, kuongororwa kweropa, maX-ray, uye CT scan. Ita shuwa yekutevera nachiremba wako wemazino kana oncologist kana iwe ukaona chero chinhu kubva pane zvakajairika.