Rashes uye Ganda Mamiriro Akabatana neHIV neAIDS: Zviratidzo uye Zvimwe

Zvemukati

• Mhedziso
• Iwo matanho eHIV apo mamiriro eganda anowanzoitika
• Mifananidzo yemapundu uye mamiriro eganda ane hukama neHIV neAIDS
• Kuzvimba dermatitis
• Xerosis
• Atopic dermatitis
• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Photodermatitis
• Eosinophillic folliculitis
• Prurigo nodularis
• Zvirwere
• Njovhera
• Candidiasis
• Herpes zoster hutachiona (shingles)
• Herpes simplex hutachiona (HSV)
• Molluscum contagiosum
• Oral ine mvere leukoplakia
• Warts
• Gomarara reganda
• Carcinoma
• Melanoma
• Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
• Taura nemubatsiri wezvehutano
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa mishonga yeHIV

Mhedziso

Kana immune system ikashaiswa simba neHIV, inogona kutungamira kumaganda mamiriro anokonzeresa kuputika, maronda, uye maronda.

Mamiriro eganda anogona kuve pakati pezviratidzo zvekutanga zveHIV uye anogona kuve aripo panguva yekutanga chikamu. Vanogona zvakare kuratidza kukura kwechirwere, sezvo kanzura uye hutachiona zvinotora mukana wekuzvidzivirira kwezvirwere mumatanho ekupedzisira echirwere.

Vanenge zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana zvevanhu vane Mukondombera vanozoita mamiriro eganda panguva yechirwere chavo. Aya mamiriro eganda anowanzo kuwira mune chimwe chezvikamu zvitatu:

• kuzvimba dermatitis, kana ganda rashes
• hutachiona uye infestations, kusanganisira bhakitiriya, fungal, hutachiona, uye hutachiona
• Gomarara reganda

Semutemo wakazara, mamiriro eganda anokonzerwa neHIV anovandudzwa nemushonga weantiretroviral.

Iwo matanho eHIV apo mamiriro eganda anowanzoitika

HIV inowanzo fambira mberi kuburikidza nematanho matatu:

Munhu anokwanisa kusangana nemamiriro eganda panguva yechikamu chekutanga uye nhanho yechitatu yeHIV.

Zvirwere zvefungal zvinonyanya kuitika kana immune system iri pairi isina kusimba, muchikamu chechitatu. Zvirwere zvinoonekwa panguva ino zvinowanzodaidzwa kuti mikana yekuzvitakura.

Mifananidzo yemapundu uye mamiriro eganda ane hukama neHIV neAIDS

Kuzvimba dermatitis

Dermatitis ndicho chiratidzo chakakurumbira cheHIV. Mishonga inowanzo sanganisira imwe kana yakawanda yeanotevera:

• antihistamines
• mishonga yemaARV
• steroids
• misoro yekunyorovesa

Dzimwe mhando dze dermatitis dzinosanganisira:

Xerosis

Xerosis kuoma kweganda, iyo inowanzo kuoneka seyakashoshoma, zvigamba pamaoko nemakumbo. Mamiriro aya akajairika, kunyangwe mune vanhu vasina Mukondombera. Inogona kukonzerwa neyakaoma kana inopisa mamiriro ekunze, kuwedzera kwezuva, kana kunyangwe inopisa mvura.

Xerosis inogona kurapwa nemanyoro uye shanduko yemararamiro, sekudzivirira yakareba, inopisa mashawa kana mabhati. Dzimwe nyaya dzakakomba dzinogona kuda mafuta ekuzora kana mafuta.

Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis chirwere chisingaperi chinogumbura icho chinowanzo kukonzera tsvuku, scaly, uye itchy rashes. Inogona kuoneka munzvimbo zhinji dzemuviri, kusanganisira iyo:

• tsoka
• ankles
• maoko
• Ruoko
• mutsipa
• maziso
• mukati memabvi nemaoko

Iyo inokanganisa nezve vanhu vari muUnited States, uye inoita kunge yakajairika munzvimbo dzakaoma kana dzemadhorobha.

Atopic dermatitis inogona kurapwa necorticosteroid makirimu, ekugadzirisa ganda makemikari anozivikanwa secalcineurin inhibitors, kana anti-itch mishonga. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kupihwa hutachiona. Zvisinei, kudzokorora kunowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane HIV.

Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis inokanganisa kumeso nemusoro, zvichikonzera kutsvuka, zviyero, uye dandruff. Mamiriro acho anonziwo seborrheic eczema.

Ipo ichiitika mukati mevashanu muzana muzana yehuwandu hwevanhu, mamiriro acho anoonekwa mu 85 kusvika 90 muzana yevanhu vane HIV.

Kurapa kunobatsira kubvisa zviratidzo uye kazhinji zvine nzira dzemusoro, senge antidandruff shampoos uye zvipingaidzo zvekuzora mafuta.

Photodermatitis

Photodermatitis inoitika kana UV mwaranzi kubva kuzuva ichikonzera kuputika, mablisters, kana makwapa akaoma paganda. Pamusoro pekuputika kweganda, munhu ane photodermatitis anogona zvakare kurwadziwa, kutemwa nemusoro, kuda kurutsa, kana fivha.

Ichi chiitiko chinowanzoitika panguva yemaantiretroviral therapy, apo immune system inova isina simba, pamwe nepakati pekudzivirira kwakanyanya kwemuviri.

Eosinophillic folliculitis

Eosinophillic folliculitis inoratidzirwa neyakafunuka, matsvuku mapundu akavakirwa pane bvudzi follicles pane yeganda uye kumusoro muviri. Iyi fomu yedermatitis inowanikwa kazhinji muvanhu muzvikamu zvinotevera zveHIV.

Mishonga yemumuromo, makirimu, uye mishonga yakashambadzirwa inogona kushandiswa kubatsira kubata zviratidzo, asi mamiriro acho anowanzo kunetsa kurapa.

Prurigo nodularis

Prurigo nodularis mamiriro umo mapundu paganda anokonzeresa uye kuve nekuita kunge pakafunuka. Inowanzoonekwa pamakumbo nemaoko.

Rudzi urwu rwe dermatitis rwunokanganisa vanhu vane hutachiona hwakanyanya. Kuchema kunogona kuva kwakanyanya zvekuti kudzokorora kukonzeresa kunokonzera kubuda ropa, maronda akavhurika, uye kuwedzera hutachiona.

Prurigo nodularis inogona kurapwa ne steroid makirimu kana antihistamines. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mupi wezvehutano anogona kukurudzira cryotherapy (kutonhodza mapundu). Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona zvakare kupihwa hutachiona hunokonzerwa nekukwaya zvakanyanya.

Photodermatitis inowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane ruvara. Vanhu vevaravara vane mukana wakanyanya wekuvandudza prurigo nodularis.

Zvirwere

Hutachiona hwakati wandei, fungal, hutachiona, uye hutachiona hunokanganisa vanhu vane HIV. Zvirwere zvinonyanya kutaurwa zvinosanganisira:

Njovhera

Syphilis inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya Treponema pallidum. Inotungamira kune maronda asingarwadzi, kana chancres, pane genitalia kana mukati memuromo. Chikamu chechipiri che syphilis chinoguma nekurwadza pahuro, kuzvimba lymph node, uye mapundu.Rash harina kuchena uye rinowanzoonekwa pamaoko kana pasi.

Munhu anogona kungobata syphilis kuburikidza nekubatana zvakananga, sekusangana pabonde, nezvironda zvechirwere. Njovhera inowanzorapwa nejekiseni repenicillin. Kana iri penicillin allergy, imwe antibiotic inozoshandiswa.

Nekuti syphilis neHIV zvine njodzi imwechete, vanhu vanogamuchira syphilis diagnostic vangangoda kuongororawo kuongorora kweHIV.

Candidiasis

HIV inogona kutungamira kumuromo thrush, rudzi rwehutachiona hweganda hunokonzerwa nefungus Candida albicans (C. albicans). Ichi chirwere chinodzokororwa chinokonzera kutsemuka kunorwadza pamakona emuromo (anozivikanwa seangular cheilitis) kana gobvu jena jena parurimi.

Inoitika pazasi CD4 cell kuverenga. Nzira yekurapwa inosarudzwa ndeye antiretroviral therapy uye kuwedzera kweCD4 count.

Zvimwe zvirwere zvefungal zvinoonekwa muvanhu vane HIV zvinosanganisira:

• hutachiona hunopindirana, uhwo hunowanikwa muzvipenga zveganda rakanyorova zvakaita sekugomera kana muhapwa; zvinotungamira mukurwadziwa uye kutsvuka
• zvipikiri zvipikiri, izvo zvinogona kukonzera makobvu zvipikiri
• utachiona hwetsoka munzvimbo dzakatenderedza nzara, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa uye kuzvimba
• kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi mbiriso zvirwere

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga yekurapa inogona kushandiswa kurapa hutachiona uhu.

Mimwe mishonga yekurapa inosanganisira yemumuromo rinses uye yemumuromo lozenges. Vaginal mbiriso hutachiona hunogona zvakare kurapwa nemimwe nzira yekurapa senge boric acid uye mafuta emuti wetii. Mafuta emuti wetii mushonga unofarirwa wechipikiri fungus futi.

Herpes zoster hutachiona (shingles)

Herpes zoster virus inozivikanwawo se shingles. Izvo zvinokonzerwa neavicella-zoster hutachiona, hutachiona hwakafanana nehuku. Shingles inogona kutungamira kune anorwadza ganda rashes uye blisters kuoneka. Zvinogona kuoneka kana munhu ari mumatanho ekutanga kana ekupedzisira eHIV.

Munhu anoonekwa aine shingles angangoda kuongorora kuongororwa kweHIV kana mamiriro ake eHIV asingazivikanwe. Shingles yakajairika uye yakanyanya kuomarara kune vanhu vanorarama neHIV, kunyanya avo vane mamwe marudzi epamusoro eHIV.

Kurapa kazhinji kunosanganisira antiviral drug regimens. Zvisinei, kurwadziwa kwakabatana nemaronda kunogona kuramba kuripo mushure mekunge maronda apora.

Vanhu vari panjodzi yakanyanya yemapfumo vangangoda kukurukura nezvejekiseni pamwe nemupi wavo wezvekurapa. Sezvo njodzi yezvipenga ichiwedzera nezera, jekiseni iri rinokurudzirwawo kune vanhu vakuru vanopfuura makumi mashanu.

Herpes simplex hutachiona (HSV)

Chirwere uye chinopfuurira herpes simplex virus (HSV) chirwere cheAIDS. Kuvapo kwayo kunoratidza kuti munhu asvika pachikamu ichi chemberi cheHIV.

HSV inokonzera maronda anotonhora pamuromo uye kumeso pamwe chete nemaronda ekubereka. Maronda kubva kuHSV akanyanya uye anoramba aripo kune vanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV hwemberi, husina kurapwa.

Kurapa kunogona kupihwa episodically - sekumuka kwezvinoitika - kana zuva nezuva. Kurapa kwemazuva ese kunozivikanwa sekudzvinyirira kurapwa.

Molluscum contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum inoratidzirwa nemapinki kana mapundu-ane ruvara rweganda paganda. Hutachiona hweganda hunopararira kazhinji hunokanganisa vanhu vane HIV. Kudzokorora kurapwa kunogona kudikanwa kubvisa zvachose muviri weaya asingadiwe mabundu.

Mapundu anokonzerwa nemolluscum contagiosum kazhinji haarwadzi uye anowanzoonekwa pane:

• kumeso
• muviri wepamusoro
• maoko
• makumbo

Mamiriro acho anogona kuve aripo chero padanho reHIV, asi kukura nekukurumidza uye kupararira kwemolluscum contagiosum mucherechedzo wekuwedzera kwechirwere. Inowanzoonekwa kana CD4 count ichinyura pazasi pemasero mazana maviri pa mm3 (inova zvakare poindi yekuti munhu anoonekwa aine AIDS).

Molluscum contagiosum haikonzeri chero yakakosha matambudziko ekurapa, saka kurapwa ndiko kunyanya kwekuzora. Sarudzo dzazvino dzekurapa dzinosanganisira kutonhodza mabumpu neinitrogen yemvura, mafuta ekuzora, uye kubviswa kwemalasi.

Oral ine mvere leukoplakia

Oral hairy leukoplakia chirwere chinosangana neEpstein-Barr virus (EBV). Kana munhu akabvumirana neEBV, inoramba iri mumuviri wavo kwehupenyu hwavo hwese. Hutachiona hunowanzo kurara, asi hunogona kumutsiridzwa zvakare kana immune system isisina simba (sezvazviri muHIV).

Iyo inoratidzirwa neakakora, machena maronda parurimi uye anogona kunge anokonzerwa nekushandisa fodya kana kuputa.

Oral ine mvere leukoplakia kazhinji haina kurwadziwa uye inogadzirisa pasina kurapwa.

Kunyangwe kurapa kwakananga kwezvironda kusingadiwe, vanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV vanogona kufunga nezvekurapa antiretroviral kurapwa zvisinei. Ichavandudza immune system, iyo inogona zvakare kubatsira iyo EBV kuenda yakarara.

Warts

Warts ndiko kukura pamusoro pepamusoro peganda kana mucous membrane. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nepillomavirus yemunhu (HPV).

Ivo vanowanzo fanika semapundu ane madema matema pavari (anozivikanwa sembeu). Mbeu idzi dzinowanzowanikwa kumashure kwemaoko, mhino, kana pasi petsoka.

Genital warts, zvisinei, inowanzo kuve yakasviba kana yeruvara-rwenyama, iine misoro inoita kunge kolifulawa. Vanogona kuoneka pazvidya, muromo, nehuro pamwe nenhengo yekubereka.

Vanhu vane hutachiwana hweHIV vari panjodzi yekuwedzera yekumashure neyechibereko HPV, saka zvakakosha kuti vagare vachiita anal nekumuromo wechibereko Pap smears.

Warts inogona kurapwa nemaitiro mashoma, anosanganisira kutonhora kana kubviswa kuburikidza nekuvhiya kudiki. Zvisinei, HIV inoomesera masoja ekudzivirira muviri kubvisa maronda uye kuadzivirira mune ramangwana.

Vane hutachiwana hweHIV uye vasina hutachiwana hweHIV zvakafanana vanokwanisa kudzikisa njodzi yavo kumaronda epabonde nekugamuchira mushonga weHIVV. Mushonga uyu unongopihwa kune vanhu vane makore makumi maviri nematanhatu zvichikwira.

Gomarara reganda

HIV inowedzera njodzi yemunhu yemamwe marudzi ekenza, kusanganisira mashoma anokanganisa ganda.

Carcinoma

Vanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV vanogona kunge vari vazhinji kupfuura huwandu hwevanhu kuita basal cell carcinoma (BCC) uye squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). BCC uye SCC ndiwo akajairika marudzi egomarara reganda muUnited States. Zvisinei, ivo havawanzo kutyisidzira hupenyu.

Mamiriro ezvinhu ese ari maviri anofambidzana nekuratidzwa kwezuva rapfuura uye anowanzo kukanganisa musoro, mutsipa nemaoko.

Mumwe weDanish wevanhu vanorarama neHIV akawana huwandu hwakawanda hweBCC mune varume vane hutachiona hweHIV vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM). Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweSCC kwakaonekwa zvakare muvanhu vane yakaderera CD4 kuverenga.

Kurapa kunosanganisira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa kukura kweganda. Cryosurgery inogona zvakare kuitwa.

Melanoma

Melanoma ndiyo isingawanzo asi inogona kuuraya kenza yeganda. Kazhinji zvinokonzeresa ma moles ari asymmetrical, ane mavara, kana akati kurei. Kuonekwa kwemamota aya kunogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva. Melanoma inogona kukonzera mabhandi e pigmentation pasi pezvipikiri zvakare.

Melanoma inogona kuve nehasha kune vanhu vanorarama neHIV, kunyanya avo vane mavara akanaka.

Kufanana necarcinomas, melanoma inobatwawo nekuvhiyiwa kubvisa maburi kana cryosurgery.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS)

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) chimiro chegomarara chinokanganisa kumisikidzwa kwemidzi yeropa. Inoratidzika kunge yakasviba yakasviba, yepepuru, kana yakatsvuka ganda maronda. Iyi fomu yegomarara inogona kukanganisa mapapu, chirwere chekudya, uye chiropa.

Zvinogona kukonzera kupfupika kwemweya wekufema, kunetseka kufema, uye kuzvimba kweganda.

Aya maronda anowanzoonekwa kana iyo chena ropa sero (WBC) kuverenga ichidonha zvakanyanya. Chitarisiko chavo kazhinji chiratidzo chekuti HIV yashanduka kuita AIDS, uye kuti immune system yakanganiswa zvakanyanya.

KS inopindura chemotherapy, radiation, uye kuvhiyiwa. Mishonga yemaantiretroviral yakadzora zvakanyanya huwandu hwezviitiko zvitsva zveKS muvanhu vane HIV pamwe nekuomarara kwezviitiko zviripo zveKS.

Taura nemubatsiri wezvehutano

Kana munhu aine hutachiona hweHIV, angangozoona imwe kana yakawanda yeaya mamiriro eganda uye mapundu.

Nekudaro, kuongororwa mukati mematanho ekutanga eHIV, kutanga kurapwa munguva pfupi yapfuura, uye kunamatira kuchirongwa chekurapa kunobatsira vanhu kudzivirira zviratidzo zvakanyanya. Ramba uchifunga kuti akawanda mamiriro eganda ane hukama neHIV anozovandudza neantiretroviral therapy.

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa mishonga yeHIV

Mimwe mishonga yakajairika yeHIV inogona kukonzera kuputika, kusanganisira:

• isiri-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), senge efavirenz (Sustiva) kana rilpivirine (Edurant)
• nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), senge abacavir (Ziagen)
• protease inhibitors, senge ritonavir (Norvir) uye atazanavir (Reyataz)

Kubva pane nharaunda yavo uye simba rema immune system avo, munhu anogona kuve neanopfuura mamwe eaya mamiriro panguva imwe chete. Kurapa kungangoda kuagadzirisa ega kana ese kamwechete.

Kana kuputika kuripo paganda, funga nezvekukurukura zviratidzo nemupi wezvehutano. Vanozoongorora mhando yemhanza, vatarise mishonga yazvino, vobva vapa chirongwa chekurapa kubvisa zviratidzo.

Verenga chinyorwa ichi muchiSpanish.