Iwo Matanho eDementia

Zvemukati

• Mhando dzedementia
• Chirwere cheAlzheimer
• Dementia ine miviri yeLeby
• Vascular dementia
• Chirwere chePasinson
• Frontotemporal kuora mwoyo
• Dementia yakasanganiswa
• Dementia inoonekwa sei?
• Mini-yepfungwa mamiriro bvunzo (MMSE)
• Mini-Cog bvunzo
• Clinical dementia chiyero (CDR)
• Ndeapi matanho e dementia?
• Hunyoro hwekuziva kutadza (MCI)
• Kuderera dementia
• Dementia ine mwero
• Kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya
• Ndeapi maonero evanhu vane dementia?

Chii chinonzi dementia?

Dementia inoreva chikamu chehosha dzinokonzeresa kurasikirwa kwendangariro nekudzikira mune mamwe mabasa epfungwa. Dementia inoitika nekuda kweshanduko yemuviri muuropi uye chirwere chinofambira mberi, zvichireva kuti chinowedzera nekufamba kwenguva. Kune vamwe vanhu, kuora mwoyo kunoenderera mberi nekukurumidza, nepo zvichitora makore kusvika padanho repamusoro revamwe. Kufambira mberi kwekuora mwoyo kunoenderana zvakanyanya nechikonzero chinokonzeresa kuora mwoyo. Kunyange vanhu vachizowana nhanho dzehumwe zvakasiyana, vanhu vazhinji vane dementia vanogovana zvimwe zvezviratidzo.

Mhando dzedementia

Zviratidzo uye kufambira mberi kwechirwere zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekushomeka kwemunhu. Mimwe yemafomu anowanzoonekwa ekushomeka ndeaya:

Chirwere cheAlzheimer

Chirwere cheAlzheimer ndiyo yakajairika fomu yeundangariro. Iyo inoverengera makumi matanhatu kusvika makumi masere muzana muzana emakesi. Kazhinji chirwere chinofambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma. Wepakati munhu anorarama makore mana kusvika masere mushure mekugamuchira kuongororwa. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kurarama seanosvika makore makumi maviri mushure mekuonekwa kwavo.

Alzheimer's inoitika nekuda kwekuchinja kwemuviri muhuropi, kusanganisira kuwanda kwemamwe mapuroteni uye kukuvara kwetsinga.

Dementia ine miviri yeLeby

Dementia ine miviri yeLeby chimiro chekushushikana kunoitika nekuda kwemapundu epuroteni mu cortex. Pamusoro pekurasikirwa ndangariro uye kuvhiringidzika, kuora mwoyo nemitumbi yeLeby kunogona kukonzera:

• kukanganiswa kwekurara
• kuona zvinhu zvisirizvo
• kusaenzana
• kumwe kunetseka kwekufamba

Vascular dementia

Vascular dementia, inozivikanwawo seye post-stroke kana dementia yakawanda-isina infarct, inosvika gumi muzana yezviitiko zvese zve dementia. Inokonzerwa nemidziyo yeropa yakavharika. Izvi zvinoitika mukurohwa uye kumwe kukuvara kwehuropi.

Chirwere chePasinson

Chirwere cheParkinson chirwere cheeurodegenerative chinogona kuburitsa kuora mwoyo kwakafanana neAlzheimer mumatanho ayo ekupedzisira. Chirwere ichi chinowanzo kutungamira kumatambudziko nekufamba uye mota kudzora, asi zvakare zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana mune vamwe vanhu.

Frontotemporal kuora mwoyo

Frontotemporal dementia zvinoreva boka revanhu vanorasika pfungwa izvo zvinowanzo kukonzera shanduko pahunhu nehunhu. Inogona zvakare kukonzera mutauro kuoma. Frontotemporal dementia inogona kuitika nekuda kwehuwandu hwemamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira chirwere chePick uye chichienderera mberi supranuclear palsy.

Dementia yakasanganiswa

Yakavhenganiswa dementia ndeye kuora mwoyo uko kune akawanda marudzi e dementia-anokonzeresa huropi kusagadzikana kuripo. Izvi zvinowanzoitika Alzheimer's uye vascular dementia, asi inogona kusanganisira mamwe mafomu ehumwe pfungwa zvakare.

Dementia inoonekwa sei?

Hapana bvunzo imwechete inogona kuona kana uine dementia. Kuongororwa kunoenderana neruzhinji rweyedzo yekurapa uye yako nhoroondo yezvokurapa. Kana iwe ukaratidza zviratidzo zve dementia chiremba wako achaita:

• kuongorora kwepanyama
• kuongororwa kwetsinga
• mamiriro epfungwa bvunzo
• mamwe marabhoritari bvunzo kutonga kunze zvimwe zvikonzero zvezviratidzo zvako

Haasi ese kuvhiringidzika uye kurasikirwa kwendangariro kunoratidza kushaya njere, saka zvakakosha kutonga kunze mamwe mamiriro, sekudyidzana kwezvinodhaka uye nezvinetso zvetachiona.

Dzimwe bvunzo dzakajairika dzinoshandiswa kuongorora dhementia dzinosanganisira:

Mini-yepfungwa mamiriro bvunzo (MMSE)

Iyo MMSE ibvunzo remibvunzo yekuyera kukanganisika kwekuziva. Iyo MMSE inoshandisa 30-point sikero uye inosanganisira mibvunzo inoedza ndangariro, kushandiswa kwemitauro uye kunzwisisa, uye hunyanzvi hwemotokari, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Chikamu che makumi maviri nemana kana zvichikwira chinoratidza kujairika kwekuziva basa. Nepo zvibodzwa makumi maviri nezviviri pazasi zvichiratidza kuti une imwe nhanho yekukanganisa kwekuziva.

Mini-Cog bvunzo

Iyi ndiyo bvunzo pfupi yekubatsira chiremba wako kuti aongorore kuora mwoyo. Inosanganisira matanho matatu aya:

1. Vachatumidza mazwi matatu uye vokukumbira kuti uadzokerezve.
2. Vachakukumbira kuti utore wachi.
3. Vachakukumbira kuti udzokere kumashure mazwi kubva padanho rekutanga.

Clinical dementia chiyero (CDR)

Kana chiremba wako akakuongorora uine dementia, ivo vanogona zvakare kupa CDR mamaki. Ichi chibodzwa chakanangana nekuita kwako mune izvi nemimwe bvunzo, pamwe neyakaitika nhoroondo yako yekurapa. Zvikoro zviri zvinotevera:

• Chikamu che0 chakajairika.
• Chikamu che0.5 chakanyanya kuderera dementia.
• Chikamu che1 chinyoro dementia.
• Chikamu chechipiri ndechekushomeka kwepakati nepakati.
• Chikamu che3 chakakomba dementia.

Ndeapi matanho e dementia?

Dementia inofambira mberi zvakasiyana mune wese munhu. Vanhu vazhinji vanozoona zviratidzo zvine hukama nematanho anotevera echirwere cheAlzheimer:

Hunyoro hwekuziva kutadza (MCI)

MCI mamiriro anogona kukanganisa vanhu vakuru. Vamwe vevanhu ava vanoenderera mberi nekuvandudza chirwere cheAlzheimer. MCI inozivikanwa nekurasikirwa nezvinhu kazhinji, kukanganwa, uye kuva nedambudziko rekuuya nemazwi.

Kuderera dementia

Vanhu vanogona vachiri kugona kushanda vakazvimiririra mune hunyoro dementia. Zvisinei, ivo vanozoona ndangariro dzinokanganisa dzinokanganisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva, sekukanganwa mazwi kana kune zvinhu zviriko. Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvehumwe dementia zvinosanganisira:

• ndangariro kurasikirwa kwezviitiko zvichangobva kuitika
• hunhu shanduko, senge kuwedzera kukurirwa kana kubviswa
• kurasika kana kuisa zvisirizvo zvinhu
• kuoma nekugadzirisa matambudziko uye mabasa akaoma, akadai sekugadzirisa mari
• dambudziko kuronga kana kutaura pfungwa

Dementia ine mwero

Vanhu vane dementia ine mwero vangangoda rubatsiro rwakawanda muhupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva. Izvo zvinova zvakaoma kuita zvenguva dzose zviitwa zvezuva nezuva uye kuzvichengeta-wega sezvo kuora mwoyo kunofambira mberi. Zviratidzo zvakajairika panguva ino zvinosanganisira:

• kuwedzera nyonganiso kana kutadza kusarudza
• kurasika kukuru ndangariro, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwezviitiko munguva iri kure yapfuura
• kuda kubatsirwa nemabasa, akadai sekupfeka, kugeza, uye kushambidzika
• hunhu hwakakosha uye hunhu hunoshanduka, hunowanzo kukonzerwa nekushushikana uye kusahadzika zvisina hwaro
• shanduko munzira dzekurara, senge kurara masikati uye kunzwa kusagadzikana husiku

Kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya

Vanhu vanozoona kuderera kwepfungwa pamwe nekukanganisa kugona kwemuviri kana chirwere ichi chichienderera kusvika padambudziko rekushushikana zvakanyanya. Kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya kazhinji kunogona kukonzera:

• kurasikirwa kwekugona kutaura
• chinodiwa chenguva yakazara-zuva nezuva rubatsiro nemabasa, akadai sekudya uye kupfeka
• kurasikirwa nehunyanzvi hwepanyama, sekufamba, kugara, nekubata musoro kumusoro uye, pakupedzisira, kugona kumedza, kudzora dundira, uye ura
• kuwedzera kubata kune hutachiona, senge pneumonia

Ndeapi maonero evanhu vane dementia?

Vanhu vane dementia vanoenderera mberi kuburikidza nematanho aya nekumhanya kwakasiyana uye nezviratidzo zvakasiyana. Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti ungave uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchida, Kunyange pasina mushonga unowanikwa weAlzheimer's uye mamwe madhenda akajairika, kuongororwa kwekutanga kunogona kubatsira vanhu nemhuri dzavo kuronga ramangwana. Kuongororwa kwekutanga zvakare kunotendera vanhu kutora chikamu mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Izvi zvinobatsira vaongorori kugadzira marapirwo matsva uye vozopedzisira vawana mushonga.