Munyori: Louise Ward
Zuva Rekusika: 11 Kukadzi 2021
Gadziridza Zuva: 21 Mbudzi 2024
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Zvemukati

Chii chinonzi kuzviuraya uye kuzviuraya?

Kuzviuraya chiito chekutora hupenyu hwako wega. Sekureva kweAmerican Foundation yekuzviuraya Kudzivirira, kuzviuraya ndicho chegumi chinokonzera rufu muUnited States, kutora hupenyu hwevanhu vangangoita 47,000 vekuAmerica gore rega rega.

Maitiro ekuzviuraya zvinoreva kutaura kana kutora zviito zvine chekuita nekupedza hupenyu hwako. Pfungwa dzekuzviuraya uye hunhu zvinofanirwa kutarisirwa sechirwere chepfungwa.

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kuratidza chero, iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga rubatsiro nekukurumidza kubva kune wehutano mutapi.

Zviratidzo zvinonyevera kuti mumwe munhu angaedza kuzviuraya

Iwe haugone kuona izvo munhu ari kunzwa mukati, saka hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kuziva kana mumwe munhu aine pfungwa dzekuzviuraya.Nekudaro, zvimwe zvekunze zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvekuti munhu angave achifunga kuzviuraya zvinosanganisira:


  • kutaura nezvekunzwa kusava netariro, kubatwa, kana kusurukirwa
  • vachiti havana chikonzero chekurarama
  • kuita chido kana kupa zvinhu zvako pachako
  • kutsvaga nzira yekukuvadza wega, sekutenga pfuti
  • kurara zvakanyanya kana kushoma
  • kudya zvishoma kana kudya zvakawandisa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera huremu kana kurasikirwa
  • kuita hunhu husina hanya, kusanganisira kunyanyisa kunwa doro kana kushandisa zvinodhaka
  • kudzivisa kudyidzana nevamwe
  • kuratidza kutsamwa kana chinangwa chekutsiva
  • kuratidza zviratidzo zvekushushikana zvakanyanya kana kusagadzikana
  • kuva nekushamisika kwemanzwiro
  • kutaura nezvekuzviuraya senzira yekubuda nayo

Inogona kunzwa inotyisa, asi kutora matanho uye kuwana mumwe munhu rubatsiro rwavanoda kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kuedza kuzviuraya kana kufa.

Nzira yekutaura kune mumwe munhu ari kunzwa kuzviuraya

Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti nhengo yemhuri kana shamwari inogona kunge iri kufunga kuzviuraya, taura navo nezve zvinokunetsa. Iwe unogona kutanga hurukuro nekubvunza mibvunzo nenzira isiri-yekutonga uye isiri yekukakavara nzira.


Taura pachena uye usatya kubvunza mibvunzo yakanangana, sekuti "Uri kufunga nezvekuzviuraya here?"

Panguva yekukurukurirana, ita shuwa kuti:

  • dzikama uye utaure nezwi rinokurudzira
  • bvuma kuti manzwiro avo ari pamutemo
  • kupa rutsigiro uye kukurudzira
  • Vaudze kuti rubatsiro rwuripo uye kuti vanokwanisa kunzwa zvirinani pakurapwa

Ita shuwa kuti usadzikise matambudziko avo kana kuyedza kuvanyadzisa mukuchinja kwavo pfungwa. Kuteerera uye kuratidza rutsigiro rwako ndiyo nzira yakanyanya kunaka yekuvabatsira. Iwe unogona zvakare kuvakurudzira ivo kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune nyanzvi.

Kumbira kuvabatsira kuti vawane mupi wezvehutano, kuridza nhare, kana kuenda navo kukisheni yavo yekutanga.

Zvinogona kutyisa kana mumwe munhu waunofarira achiratidza kuzviuraya. Asi zvakakosha kutora matanho kana iwe uchikwanisa kubatsira. Kutanga hurukuro kuedza kubatsira kubatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu njodzi inofanirwa kutora.

Kana iwe uine hanya uye usingazive zvekuita, unogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kunjodzi kana nhare yekudzivirira kuzviuraya.


Kana iwe uchigara muUnited States, edza iyo National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa800-273-TALK (800-273-8255). Vakadzidzisa vanachipangamazano vanowanikwa 24/7. Misa Kuzviuraya Nhasi chimwe chinhu chinobatsira.

Befrienders Pasi Pose uye International Association yekuzviuraya Kudzivirira masangano maviri anopa ruzivo rwekuonana kwenzvimbo dzinonetsa kunze kweUnited States.

Mune zviitiko zvengozi iri pedyo

Sekureva kweNational Alliance yeMental Illness (NAMI), kana iwe ukaona mumwe munhu achiita chero chinotevera, vanofanirwa kurapwa nekukasira.

  • vachigadzirisa zvinhu zvavo kana kupa zvinhu zvavo
  • kutaura zvakanaka kune shamwari uye mhuri
  • kuva nemamiriro ekuchinja kubva pakuora mwoyo kusvika pakadzikama
  • kuronga, kutarisa kutenga, kuba, kana kukwereta maturusi ekupedzisa kuzviuraya, senge pfuti kana mishonga

Kana iwe uchifunga kuti mumwe munhu ari panjodzi yekukurumidza yekuzvikuvadza:

  • Fonera 911 kana yako yemuno emergency emergency.
  • Gara nemunhu kusvika rubatsiro rwasvika.
  • Bvisa chero pfuti, mapanga, mishonga, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza.
  • Teerera, asi usatonga, kukakavara, kutyisidzira, kana kupopota.

Chii chinowedzera njodzi yekuzviuraya?

Iko hakuna kazhinji chikonzero chimwe chete chekuti mumwe munhu afunge kutora hupenyu hwavo. Zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekuzviuraya, senge kuve nehutano hwepfungwa kusagadzikana.

Asi pavanhu vese vanofa nekuzviuraya havana chirwere chepfungwa chinozivikanwa panguva yekufa kwavo.

Kushungurudzika ndiyo yakanyanya hutano hwepfungwa njodzi, asi zvimwe zvinosanganisira bipolar kusagadzikana, schizophrenia, kusagadzikana kwekushushikana, uye hunhu kusagadzikana.

Kunze kwemamiriro ehutano hwepfungwa, zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yekuzviuraya zvinosanganisira:

  • kuvharirwa
  • kusagadzikana kwekuchengetedzwa kwebasa kana kwakaderera mabasa ekugutsikana
  • nhoroondo yekushungurudzwa kana kupupurira kuramba uchishungurudzwa
  • kubatwa uine chirwere chakakomba, senge kenza kana HIV
  • kuve wakasarudzika munharaunda kana kubatwa nekushungurudzwa kana kushungurudzwa
  • Dambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka
  • kushungurudzwa kwevana kana kushungurudzika
  • nhoroondo yemhuri yekuzviuraya
  • kuedza kwekutanga kuzviuraya
  • kuva nechirwere chisingaperi
  • kurasikirwa munharaunda, sekurasikirwa nehukama hwakakosha
  • kurasikirwa nebasa
  • kuwana nzira dzinouraya, kusanganisira pfuti nemishonga
  • kuburitswa mukuzviuraya
  • kunetseka kutsvaga rubatsiro kana rutsigiro
  • kushomeka kwekuwana hutano hwepfungwa kana kurapwa kwekushandisa
  • kutevera maitiro ekutenda anogamuchira kuzviuraya semhinduro kumatambudziko emunhu

Vaya vakaratidzirwa kuve panjodzi huru yekuzviuraya ndeaya:

  • varume
  • vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi mana nemashanu
  • MaCaucasus, maIndia ekuAmerican, kana maAlaskan maNative

Kuongorora vanhu vari panjodzi yekuzviuraya

Anopa hutano anogona kugona kuona kana mumwe munhu ari panjodzi huru yekuzviuraya zvichibva pazviratidzo zvavo, nhoroondo yavo, uye nhoroondo yemhuri.

Vachada kuziva kuti zviratidzo zvakatanga rini uye kuti munhu anozviona kangani. Ivo vanozobvunzawo nezve chero ekare kana eazvino matambudziko ekurapa uye nezve mamwe mamiriro anogona kumhanya mumhuri.

Izvi zvinogona kuvabatsira kuti vasarudze zvingangotsanangurwa nezvezviratidzo uye kuti ndeapi mabvunzo kana mamwe mahunyanzvi angangodiwa kuti aongororwe. Ivo vangangoita ongororo yemunhu wacho:

  • Hutano hwepfungwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, pfungwa dzekuzviuraya dzinokonzerwa nechirwere chepfungwa chepfungwa, chakadai sekuora mwoyo, schizophrenia, kana bipolar disorder. Kana paine fungidziro yehutano hwepfungwa, munhu wacho anogona kuendeswa kune nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa.
  • Kushandisa zvinhu. Kushandisa doro zvisina kufanira kana zvinodhaka zvinowanzopa pfungwa dzekuzviuraya nemaitiro. Kana kushandisa chinhu chiri dambudziko riri padanho, chirongwa chekudhakwa kana kuputa zvinodhaka chingave chiri chekutanga.
  • Mishonga. Iko kushandiswa kwemamwe madhiragi akanyorwa - kusanganisira antidepressants - kunogona zvakare kuwedzera njodzi yekuzviuraya. Anopa hutano anogona kuongorora chero mishonga iyo munhu ari kutora parizvino kuti aone kana vangave vari kupa zvinhu.

Kurapa kwevanhu vane njodzi yekuzviuraya

Kurapa kunoenderana nechikonzero chakakonzera pfungwa dzekuzviuraya dzemumwe munhu nemaitiro. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvakadaro, kurapwa kunosanganisira kurapa kwekutaura uye mishonga.

Taura kurapa

Kutaura kurapa, inozivikanwawo se psychotherapy, ndiyo imwe nzira yekurapa inoderedza njodzi yako yekuedza kuzviuraya. Kuziva kwehunhu hwekurapa (CBT) inzira yekurapa yekurapa iyo inowanzo shandiswa kune vanhu vane pfungwa dzekuzviuraya.

Chinangwa chayo ndechekukudzidzisa maitiro ekuita kuburikidza nekushushikana zviitiko zvehupenyu nemanzwiro anogona kunge ari kupa kune ako kuzviuraya pfungwa uye maitiro. CBT inogona zvakare kubatsira iwe kutsiva zvisina kunaka zvitendero nezvakanaka uye uwanezve pfungwa yekugutsikana uye kutonga muhupenyu hwako.

Imwe nzira yakafanana, inonzi dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), inogonawo kushandiswa.

Mishonga

Kana hurukuro yekurapa isina kukwana kuti ubudirire kudzikisa njodzi, mishonga inogona kupihwa kurerutsa zviratidzo, senge kushushikana uye kushushikana. Kurapa izvi zviratidzo kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa kana kubvisa pfungwa dzekuzviuraya.

Imwe kana kupfuura eanotevera marudzi emishonga anogona kupihwa:

  • mishonga inodzvinyirira
  • antipsychotic mishonga
  • anti-kunetseka mishonga

Mararamiro anochinja

Pamusoro pekutaura kurapa nemushonga, njodzi yekuzviuraya dzimwe nguva inogona kudzikiswa nekungoteedzera dzimwe tsika dzakanaka. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

  • Kudzivisa doro uye zvinodhaka. Kugara kure nedoro nezvinodhaka kwakakosha, sezvo zvinhu izvi zvichideredza kuzvidzora uye zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekuzviuraya.
  • Kudzidzira muviri nguva dzose. Kurovedza muviri kanokwana katatu pavhiki, kunyanya panze uye muzuva rine mwero, kunogona kubatsira. Chiitwa chemuviri chinomutsa kugadzirwa kwemamwe makemikari ehuropi anoita kuti unzwe uchifara uye wakasununguka.
  • Kurara zvakanaka. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuwana yakakwana yemhando yekurara. Kurara kwakashata kunogona kuita kuti hutano hwakawanda hwepfungwa huwedzere zvakanyanya. Taura nemupi wako wezvehutano kana iwe uchinetseka kurara.

Maitiro ekudzivirira kuzviuraya pfungwa

Kana iwe uine pfungwa dzekuzviuraya kana manzwiro, usanyara uye usazvichengete iwe pachako. Nepo vamwe vanhu vaine pfungwa dzekuzviuraya vasina kana chinangwa chekumbozviita, zvichiri kukosha kutora danho.

Kubatsira kudzivirira idzi pfungwa kubva mukudzokorora, pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvaunogona kuita.

Taura nemumwe munhu

Iwe haufanire kumboedza kutonga kuzviuraya zvachose iwe pachako. Kuwana rubatsiro nehunyanzvi kubva kune vadikanwa kunogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kukunda chero matambudziko arikukonzera manzwiro aya.

Masangano mazhinji nemapoka ekutsigira anogona kukubatsira kubata nepfungwa dzekuzviuraya uye nekuziva kuti kuzviuraya haisiyo nzira yakanakisa yekutarisana nezviitiko zvehupenyu zvinonetsa. Iyo National Suicide Kudzivirira Lifeline chishandiso chikuru.

Tora mishonga sekurairwa

Iwe haufanire kumbochinja muyero wako kana kurega kutora mishonga yako kunze kwekunge mupi wako wezvehutano akakuudza kuti uite saizvozvo. Kuzviuraya kunogona kudzoka uye iwe unogona kuona zviratidzo zvekuregera kana ukangoerekana warega kutora mishonga yako.

Kana iwe uchinge uine zvisingadiwe mhedzisiro kubva kumishonga iwe yauri kutora izvozvi, taura nemupi wako nezve kuchinjira kune imwe.

Usambofa wakasvetuka musangano

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uchengete ese ako ekurapa zvikamu uye kumwe kugadzwa. Kunamatira nehurongwa hwako hwekurapa ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekugadzirisa pfungwa dzekuzviuraya uye maitiro.

Teerera kune yambiro zviratidzo

Shanda nemubatsiri wako wehutano kana murapi kuti udzidze nezve zvingangokonzeresa kuzviuraya kwako. Izvi zvinokubatsira iwe kuziva zviratidzo zvengozi nekukurumidza uye kusarudza matanho aunotora pamberi penguva.

Inogona zvakare kubatsira kuudza nhengo dzemhuri uye shamwari nezvezviratidzo zvekunyevera kuti vazive apo paungangoda rubatsiro.

Bvisa mukana kune nzira dzinouraya dzekuzviuraya

Bvisa chero pfuti, mapanga, kana mishonga yakakomba kana uchinetseka kuti unogona kuzviuraya.

Zviwanikwa zvekudzivirira kuzviuraya

Izvi zvinotevera zviwanikwa zvinopa vanachipangamazano vakadzidziswa uye ruzivo nezvekudzivirira kuzviuraya:

  • National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: Fona 800-273-8255. Iyo Lifeline inopa 24/7, yemahara uye yakavanzika rutsigiro kuvanhu vari mukutambudzika, kudzivirira uye dambudziko zviwanikwa kwauri kana kune vaunoda, uye yakanakisa miitiro yevashandi.
  • National Suicide Prevention Lifeline Chat: Iyo Lifeline Chat inobatanidza vanhu vane vanachipangamazano ekutsigirwa kwemanzwiro uye mamwe masevhisi kuburikidza newebhu webhu, 24/7 kuyambuka United States.
  • Crisis Chinyorwa Mutsetse: Nyora HOME kusvika 741741. Iyo Crisis Chinyorwa Mutsetse ndeye yemahara mameseji meseji sosi inopa 24/7 rutsigiro kune chero ari mudambudziko.
  • Kushungurudzwa Kwezvinodhaka uye Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Yenyika Yese Inobatsira: Fona 1-800-662-HELP (4357). Nhare yekubatsira yeSAMHSA ndeye yemahara, yakavanzika, 24/7, 365-zuva-gore-gore kurapwa kuendesa uye ruzivo ruzivo (muChirungu neSpanish) kune vanhu uye mhuri dzakatarisana nehutano hwepfungwa kana kusagadzikana kwekushandisa zvinodhaka.
  • Befrienders Pasi Pose uye International Association yekuzviuraya Kudzivirira: Aya ndiwo masangano maviri anopa ruzivo rwekuonana kwenzvimbo dzekutambudzika kunze kweUnited States.

Outlook

Nhasi, masangano mazhinji nevanhu vari kushanda nesimba mukudzivirira kuzviuraya, uye kune zvimwe zviwanikwa zviripo kare. Hapana munhu anofanirwa kusangana nepfungwa dzekuzviuraya ega.

Kunyangwe iwe uri mudiwa ane hanya nemumwe munhu kana uri kuzvinetsa iwe pachako, rubatsiro rwuripo. Usaramba wakanyarara - unogona kubatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu.

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