Munyori: Tamara Smith
Zuva Rekusika: 20 Ndira 2021
Gadziridza Zuva: 20 Mbudzi 2024
Anonim
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Zvemukati

Kuongororwa hutachiwana hweHIV kunoitwa nechinangwa chekuona hutachiwana hweHIV mumuviri uye kunofanirwa kuitwa mushure memazuva makumi matatu mushure mekusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi, senge bonde risina dziviriro kana kusangana neropa kana zvakavanzika zvevanhu vane hutachiona. .

Kuongororwa kweHIV kuri nyore uye kunoitwa zvakanyanya nekuongorora muyenzaniso weropa, asi mate anokwanisa zvakare kushandiswa kuongorora kuti hutachiona huri mumuviri here. Yese miedzo yeHIV inoongorora mhando mbiri dzehutachiona huripo, HIV 1 neHIV 2.

Kuongororwa kweHIV kunofanirwa kuitwa kanenge mwedzi mumwe mushure mekuita zvine njodzi, sezvo hwindo rekudzivirira muviri, rinoenderana nenguva iri pakati pekutapukirwa nehutachiona uye mukana wekuona chiratidzo chehutachiona, mazuva makumi matatu, uye panogona kunge paine kuburitswa mhedzisiro isiriyo kana bvunzo dzikaitwa mazuva makumi matatu asati apfuura.

Maitiro ekunzwisisa mhedzisiro

Kuti unzwisise mhedzisiro yeongororo yeHIV, zvakakosha kuti uone kana iri kuita, isiri-inoshanda kana kusagadzikana kusingapfuuri nemitengo yakatarwa, nekuti kazhinji kukwirisa kukosha, hutachiona hunowedzera mberi.


Kuongororwa ropa kweHIV

Kuongororwa ropa kweHIV kunoitwa nechinangwa chekuziva huvepo hwehutachiona uye kusangana kwaro muropa, kupa ruzivo nezve padanho rehutachiona. Kuongororwa hutachiwana hweHIV kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekuongorora marabhoritari, iyo yakanyanya kushandiswa ndiyo nzira yeELISA. Mhedzisiro inogona kuitika ndeiyi:

  • Reagent: Zvinoreva kuti munhu anga akabatana uye atapukirwa nehutachiona hweAIDS;
  • Asiri-reagent: Zvinoreva kuti munhu wacho haana kutapukirwa noutachiona hweAIDS;
  • Haigadziriswi: Izvo zvinodikanwa kudzokorora bvunzo nekuti iyo sampuro yanga isina kujekesa zvakakwana. Mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu anotungamira kune aya mhedzisiro ndeyekuzvitakura uye kubayiwa kwazvino.

Kana paine mhedzisiro yeHIV, rabhoritari pachayo inoshandisa dzimwe nzira kusimbisa kuvepo kwehutachiona mumuviri, senge Western Blot, Immunoblotting, Indirect immunofluorescence yeHIV-1. Saka, mhedzisiro yakanaka ndeyechokwadi kuvimbika.


Mune mamwe marabhoritari, kukosha kwakaburitswawo, pamusoro pechiratidzo chekuti inoshanda, isingaite kana kusagadzikana. Nekudaro, kukosha uku hakuna kukosha mukukiriniki sekumisikidza positivity kana kusavimbika kwebvunzo, uchingori kunakidza kwekutevera kwekurapa. Kana chiremba achichidudzira sechakakosha kukosha kubva pakiriniki yekutarisa, kwakanyanya kuyedzwa kunogona kukumbirwa, senge yehutachiona hweyero bvunzo, umo huwandu hwemakopi ehutachiona huri kutenderera muropa hunoongororwa.

Panyaya yemhedzisiro isingagumi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti bvunzo idzokororwe mushure memazuva makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu kuitira kuti utarise kuvapo kana kusavapo kwehutachiona. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, muyedzo unofanirwa kudzokororwa kunyangwe pasina zviratidzo, sekukurumidza kurasikirwa nekurema, kupisa fever nekukosora, kutemwa nemusoro uye kuoneka kwemavara matsvuku kana maronda madiki eganda, semuenzaniso. Ziva zviratidzo zvikuru zveHIV.

Kukurumidza kuongorora HIV

Kukurumidza kuyedza kunoratidza kuvepo kana kusavapo kwehutachiona uye kunoitwa uchishandisa kamuenzaniso kadiki kemate kana donhwe diki reropa kuti uone hutachiona. Mhedzisiro yeiyo bvunzo yekukurumidza inoburitswa pakati pemaminitsi gumi nemashanu nemakumi matatu uye zvakare yakavimbika, pamwe nemhedzisiro inogona kunge iri:


  • Zvakanaka: Zvinoratidza kuti munhu ane hutachiona hweHIV asi anofanira kunge aine ELISA kuongororwa ropa kuti asimbise mhedzisiro;
  • Negative: Zvinoratidza kuti munhu haana kubatira hutachiona hweHIV.

Bvunzo dzinokurumidza dzinoshandiswa mumugwagwa, mumishandirapamwe yehurumende kunzvimbo dzekuyedza nekupa mazano (CTA) uye mumadzimai akazvitakura anotanga kusununguka vasina kumboita prenatal care, asi bvunzo idzi dzinogona kutengwawo paInternet.

Kazhinji, mishandirapamwe yehurumende inoshandisa bvunzo dzeOraSure, dzinoyedza mate uye bvunzo dzinogona kutengwa online pamakhemesi epamhepo kunze kwenyika iImba Access Express HIV-1, inogamuchirwa neFDA uye inoshandisa donhwe reropa.

Chii chinonzi viral load test?

Hutachiona hwehutachiwana bvunzo inova nechinangwa chekutarisa kushanduka kwechirwere ichi uye kuona kana mushonga wacho uri kushanda nekutarisa huwandu hwemavhairasi aripo muropa panguva yekuunganidzwa.

Muedzo uyu unodhura, sezvo uchiitwa uchishandisa mamorekuru matekiniki ayo anoda akakosha michina uye reagents, uye nekudaro, hazvidiwe kuti uongorore zvinangwa. Nekudaro, hutachiona hwehutachiona hunongoitwa chete kana paine kuongororwa kwehutachiona hweHIV kuitira kuti utarise uye kuongorora murwere, uchikumbirwa nachiremba mavhiki maviri kusvika masere mushure mekuongororwa kana kutanga kwekurapwa uye kudzokororwa kwemwedzi mitatu.

Kubva pamhedzisiro yekuyedza, chiremba anokwanisa kuongorora huwandu hwemakopi ehutachiona muropa uye achienzanisa nemhedzisiro yapfuura, nekudaro achiona kushanda kwekurapa. Kana iko kuwedzera kwehutachiona hweutachiona kukacherechedzwa, zvinoreva kuti hutachiona hwanyanya uye, pamwe, kuramba kurapwa, uye chiremba anofanira kushandura nzira yekurapa. Kana zvakapesana zvikaitika, ndiko kuti, kana paine kuderera kwehutachiona huwandu nekufamba kwenguva, zvinoreva kuti kurapwa kuri kushanda, nekudzivirira kwehutachiona kudzokorora.

Mhedzisiro yeutachiona husina kutsanangurwa hazvireve kuti hakuchina hutachiona, asi kuti hutachiona hunowanikwa munzvimbo dzakadzika muropa, zvichiratidza kuti kurapwa kuri kushanda. Pane kuwirirana munharaunda yesainzi kuti kana muyero wehutachiona ukasaonekwa, kune njodzi yakaderera yekutapurirana hutachiona kuburikidza nekusangana pabonde, zvisinei zvakadaro zvichakakosha kushandisa makondomu panguva yepabonde.

Kana ichigona kupa mhedzisiro yakaipa mhedzisiro

Mhedzisiro yakaipa inokwanisa kuitika kana munhu akaedzwa mukati memazuva makumi matatu mushure mehunhu hune njodzi hunogona kunge hwaive hwekuita zvepabonde pasina kondomu, kugoverana majekiseni anoraswa uye tsono kana kuboora nechinhu chakachekwa chakashatiswa senge mapanga kana chigero, semuenzaniso. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti muviri haugone kuburitsa huwandu hwakakwana hwemasoja ekudzivirira hutachiona kuti huratidzwe pakuyedza.

Zvisinei, kunyangwe kana bvunzo yakaitwa mwedzi mumwe mushure mehunhu hune njodzi, zvinogona kutora kusvika kumwedzi mitatu kuti muviri ubudise masoja ekudzivirira hutachiwana hweHIV uye mhedzisiro yacho yakanaka. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti bvunzo idzokororwe mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi masere mushure mekuita kwenjodzi kuitira kusimbisa kuvapo kana kusavapo kweutachiona hweHIV mumuviri.

Chaizvoizvo chero mhedzisiro painenge iine hutachiona, hapana mubvunzo kuti munhu ane hutachiwana hweHIV, nepo kana paine mhedzisiro isina, zvingave zvakakosha kudzokorora bvunzo nekuda kwekunyepa kwekunyepa. Zvisinei, nyanzvi yezvirwere zvinotapukira ichakwanisa kuratidza zvekuita mune imwe neimwe kesi.

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