4 mhando huru yechirwere cheshuga

Zvemukati

• 1. Tora 1 chirwere cheshuga
• 2. Tora 2 chirwere cheshuga
• Musiyano uripo pakati perudzi rwekutanga uye mhando 2 chirwere cheshuga
• 3. Gestational chirwere cheshuga
• 4. Dzimwe mhando

Mhando dzakanyanya dzechirwere cheshuga mellitus rudzi rwekutanga uye rwechipiri, idzo dzine misiyano, senge zvine chekuita nechikonzero chavo, uye dzinogona kunge dzichizvimiririra, sezvazvakaita murudzi rwekutanga, kana zvine hukama nemageneti uye nehupenyu maitiro, sezvinoitika murudzi rwechipiri.

Aya marudzi eshuga anogona zvakare kusiyana maererano nekurapwa, uko kunogona kuitwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga mumapiritsi kana nekushandisa insulin.

Nekudaro, kuchine zvimwe zvakasiyana zvemhando idzi cheshuga, ayo ari gestational chirwere cheshuga, chinoonekwa mumadzimai akazvitakura nekuda kwekuchinja kwehomoni yenguva ino, iyo Latent Autoimmune Diabetes yeVakuru, kana LADA, uye iyo Kukura Pakutanga Chirwere cheshuga cheVadiki, kana MODYI, inosanganisa maitiro erudzi rwekutanga uye rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.

Nekudaro, kuti unzwisise zvirinani musiyano uripo pakati pemhando dzechirwere cheshuga, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti chirwere chega chega chinokura sei:

1. Tora 1 chirwere cheshuga

Type 1 chirwere cheshuga chirwere chega, umo muviri unorwisa zvisirizvo maseru epancreas anoburitsa insulin, achiaparadza. Nekudaro, kushomeka kwekugadzira insulin, kunokonzera kuunganidzwa kweglucose muropa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara kunhengo dzakasiyana, senge kukundikana kwetsvo, retinopathy kana chirwere cheshuga ketoacidosis.

Pakutanga, chirwere ichi chinogona kusakonzera zviratidzo, zvisinei, mune dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuoneka:

• Kakawanda kuda kuita weti;
• Nyota yakawandisa nenzara;
• Kurera huremu pasina chikonzero chiri pachena.

Rudzi urwu rwechirwere cheshuga runowanzoonekwa muhucheche kana kuyaruka, sezvo iri nguva inoitika shanduko yekuzvidzivirira.

Kazhinji, kurapwa kwechirudzi chekutanga chirwere cheshuga kunoitwa nemajekiseni ezuva nezuva einsulin, kuwedzera kune yakaderera shuga uye yakaderera makabhohydrate chikafu. Tsvaga zvaunofanira kudya uye zvaunofanira uye zvausingafanirwe kudya kana uine chirwere cheshuga.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti varwere varambe vachigara vachirovedza muviri, vachitungamirwa nemudzidzisi, kubatsira kudzora huwandu hweshuga uye nekuchengetedza yakagadziriswa metabolism.

2. Tora 2 chirwere cheshuga

Rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga ndiyo yakajairika chirwere cheshuga, ichikonzerwa nemajini zvinhu pamwe nehunhu hwakaipa hwemararamiro, senge kunyanya kudyiwa kweshuga, mafuta, kusaita basa, kufutisa kana kufutisa, izvo zvinokanganisa kukanganisa mukugadzira uye kuita kwe insulin mukati muviri.

Kazhinji, rudzi urwu rwechirwere cheshuga runowanikwa muvanhu vanodarika makumi mana, sezvo ruchikura nekufamba kwenguva uye, mumatanho ekutanga, harukonzere zviratidzo, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwemuviri nenzira yakanyarara. Zvisinei, mumatambudziko akaoma uye asingateereri, zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kugara uchinzwa nyota;
• Kuwedzeredza nzara;
• Kakawanda kukurudzira kuita weti;
• Kurera huremu pasina chikonzero chiri pachena;
• Zvakaoma mukuporesa ronda;
• Kuona kwakashata.

Pamberi pekutanga kwechirwere cheshuga, munhu wacho aigara aine nguva yeglucose muropa kwemwedzi yakati wandei kana makore, ayo anonzi pre-diabetes. Panguva ino, zvichiri kugoneka kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere, kuburikidza nemabasa epanyama uye kudzora kwekudya. Nzwisisa maitiro ekuziva nekurapa prediabetes kudzivirira chirwere kubva mukukura.

Kurapa kwerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga kunoitwa nemishonga yekudzivirira glucose yeropa, senge metformin, glibenclamide kana gliclazide, semuenzaniso, yakatemwa nachiremba mukuru kana endocrinologist. Asi, zvinoenderana nehutano hwemurwere kana kuwedzera kuwanda kweshuga yeropa, kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva kwe insulin kunogona kudikanwa.

Pamusoro pekurapwa kwemishonga, iwe unofanirwa zvakare kuchengetedza kudya kunodzorwa kweshuga uye mamwe makabhohaidhiretsi pamwe nemafuta, mukuwedzera kune kugara uchirovedza muviri. Aya matanho akakosha kune chaiyo kudzora kwechirwere uye chekweguru ine iri nani mhando yehupenyu. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve kurapwa uye mhedzisiro yerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.

Musiyano uripo pakati perudzi rwekutanga uye mhando 2 chirwere cheshuga

Tafura yacho inopfupisa mutsauko mukuru pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzeshuga:

Kuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga kunofanirwa kuitwa pamwe nekuongororwa kweropa kunozivisa kuwanda kweglucose mukutenderera, sekutsanya glucose, glycated hemoglobin, glucose tolerance test uye capillary glucose test. Ona kuti bvunzo idzi dzinoitwa sei uye hunhu hunosimbisa chirwere cheshuga.

3. Gestational chirwere cheshuga

Gestational chirwere cheshuga inomuka panguva yekuzvitakura uye inogona kuongororwa pakuongororwa kweglucose bvunzo mushure memasvondo makumi maviri nemaviri ekubata, uye zvakare inokonzerwa nekusagadzikana mukugadzirwa uye kuita kwe insulin mumuviri.

Zvinowanzoitika kuvakadzi vanotova nemaitiro ekuzvarwa nawo kana vane hutsika husina kutsarukana, sekudya nemafuta akawandisa neshuga.

Zviratidzo zve gestational chirwere cheshuga zvakafanana neizvo zverudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga uye kurapwa kwavo kunoitwa nechikafu chakaringana uye kurovedza muviri kudzora chirwere cheshuga, sezvo icho chinowanzo nyangarika mushure mekunge mwana azvarwa. Zvisinei, muzviitiko zvakawanda, kushandiswa kwe insulini kwakakosha kuitira kudzora glucose muropa.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve zviratidzo zvegestational chirwere cheshuga, njodzi dzayo uye maitiro ekuchirapa.

4. Dzimwe mhando

Kune zvekare dzimwe nzira dzekuvandudza chirwere cheshuga, izvo zvisingawanzoitika uye zvinogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Mamwe acho ndeaya:

• Vakuru Autoimmune Latent Chirwere cheshuga, kana LADA, ndiyo autoimmune fomu yechirwere cheshuga, asi zvinoitika kuvanhu vakuru. Rudzi urwu runowanzo fungidzirwa muvanhu vakuru vane mhando 2 chirwere cheshuga vane kukurumidza zvakanyanya kukanganisika kwepancreatic basa uye vanoda kushandisa insulin pakutanga;
• Kukura Pakutanga Chirwere cheshuga cheVadiki, kana MODYI, rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga runowanikwa muvechidiki, asi rwakareruka kupfuura rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga uye rwakaita serudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.Naizvozvo, kushandisa insulin hakudi kubva pakutanga. Rudzi urwu rwechirwere cheshuga rwuri kuramba ruchiwanda, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevana vane kufutisa;
• Kuremara kwemajini izvo zvinogona kukonzera shanduko mukugadzirwa kana kuita kwe insulin;
• Zvirwere zvepancreatic, senge bundu, hutachiona kana fibrosis;
• Endocrine zvirwere, senge Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma uye acromegaly, semuenzaniso;
• Chirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa nekushandisa mishonga, senge corticosteroids.

Kune zvakare chirwere chinonzi chirwere cheshuga insipidus icho, kunyangwe chiine zita rakafanana, hachisi chirwere cheshuga, chiri chirwere chine chekuita neshanduko mumahormone anoburitsa weti. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve chirwere ichi, ona maitiro ekuziva uye kurapa chirwere cheshuga insipidus.