Iyo coronavirus nyowani (COVID-19) inopfuudzwa sei

Zvemukati

• 1. Kukosora nekuhotsira
• 2. Kubata nenzvimbo dzakasvibiswa
• 3. Kutapudza kwemuromo
• COVID-19 shanduko
• Sei kusawana iyo coronavirus
• Zvinoita here kubata hutachiwana kanopfuura kamwe?

Kutapurirana kweiyo coronavirus nyowani, inoona nezve COVID-19, kunoitika kunyanya kuburikidza nekufemereka kwemadonhwe emate uye zvinyoro zvekufema zvinogona kumiswa mudenga kana munhu ane COVID-19 achikosora kana kuhotsira.

Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti matanho ekudzivirira ashandiswe, akadai sekugeza maoko nesipo nemvura, kudzivirira kugara mumba nevanhu vazhinji nekuvhara muromo nemhino pese paunoda kukosora kana kukosora.

Coronavirus imhuri yehutachiona hunokonzera shanduko yekufema, iyo inowanzo kukonzera fivha, kukosora kwakanyanya uye kunetseka kufema. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve coronaviruses uye zviratidzo zveiyo COVID-19 hutachiona.

Mhando huru dzekufambisa kweiyo coronavirus nyowani inoita kunge iri kuburikidza:

1. Kukosora nekuhotsira

Nzira yakajairika yekutapurirana kwe COVID-19 ndeyekufema madonhwe emate kana kufema kwekufema, ayo anogona kunge aripo mumhepo kwemasekonzi mashoma kana maminetsi mushure meanoratidzira kana asymptomatic munhu ane hutachiona akosora kana kuhotsira.

Iyi nzira yekutapurirana inoruramisa huwandu hukuru hwevanhu vakatapukirwa nehutachiona uye, nekudaro, yakaziviswa neWorld Health Organisation (WHO) senzira huru yekutapurirana kweECOVID-19, uye matanho senge kupfeka chifukidzo chemunhu nzvimbo dzinofanirwa kutorwa .. kuruzhinji, dzivisa kupinda mumba nevanhu vazhinji uye gara uchivhara muromo nemhino paunenge uchida kukosora kana kuhotsira kumba.

Maererano nekuferefetwa neNational Institute of Infectious Diseases yekuJapan ^[3], pane mukana wakapetwa ka19 wekubata hutachiona mukati, kupfuura kunze, chaizvo nekuti kune hukama hwepedyo pakati pevanhu uye kwenguva yakareba.

2. Kubata nenzvimbo dzakasvibiswa

Kubata nenzvimbo dzakashatiswa ndeimwe nzira yakakosha yekutapurirana kwe COVID-19, nekuti, sekutsvaga kwakaitwa muUnited States. ^[2], iyo coronavirus nyowani inogona kuramba ichitapuriranwa kusvika mazuva matatu pane kumwe nzvimbo

• Plastiki uye simbi isina tsvina: kusvika pamazuva matatu;
• Mhangura: 4 maawa;
• Kadhibhodhi: 24 maawa.

Kana iwe ukaisa maoko ako pamusoro penzvimbo idzi wozora kumeso kwako, kukwenya ziso rako kana kuchenesa muromo wako, semuenzaniso, zvinokwanisika kuti unogona kusvibiswa nehutachiona, uhwo hunogona kupinda mumuviri kuburikidza nemukati memukati memuromo wako. , maziso nemhino.

Nechikonzero ichi, iyo WHO inokurudzira kugeza mawoko kakawanda, kunyanya mushure mekuve munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji kana vari panjodzi yekuwedzera kusvibiswa nemadonhwe kubva mukukosora kana kuhotsira nevamwe. Uye zvakare, zvakakoshawo kuti utachiona hunowonekera. Ona zvimwe nezvekuchenesa nzvimbo pamba uye kubasa kuti uzvidzivirire kubva ku COVID-19.

3. Kutapudza kwemuromo

Chidzidzo chakaitwa muna Kukadzi 2020 kuChina ^[1] zvakare yakaratidza kuti kutapurirana kweiyo coronavirus nyowani kunogona kuitika kuburikidza nenzira yefecal-yemuromo, kunyanya muvana, nekuti vasere pavana gumi vakasanganisirwa muchidzidzo vakave nemhedzisiro yecorononavirus mune rectal swab uye isina kunaka mune yemhino swab, zvichiratidza kuti hutachiona hunogona kuramba huri mudumbu. Uye zvakare, imwe yazvino kudzidza kubva Chivabvu 2020 ^[4], yakaratidza zvakare kuti zvaive zvichikwanisika kupatsanura hutachiona mutsvina yevagumi nevaviri vevanhu vakuru makumi maviri nemasere vakadzidza vakaonekwa vaine COVID-19.

Vanotsvagurudza veSpanish vakasimbisawo kuvepo kweiyo nyowani coronavirus mune tsvina ^[5] ndokuona kuti SARS-CoV2 yaivepo nyangwe makesi ekutanga asati asimbiswa, zvichiratidza kuti hutachiona hwanga hwatotenderera pakati pevanhu. Chimwe chidzidzo chakaitwa muNetherlands ^[6] yakanangana nekuona zvidimbu zvehutachiona musweji uye yakaona kuti zvimwe zvezvimiro zvehutachiona izvi zvaivepo, izvo zvinogona kuratidza kuti hutachiona hunogona kubviswa mutsvina.

Mune kumwe kuongorora kwakaitwa pakati paNdira naKurume 2020 ^[8], mune makumi mana makumi mana nevatanhatu evarwere vane SARS-CoV-2 yakanaka rectal uye nasal swab, iyo nasal swab yakaramba yakanaka kweanenge mazuva gumi nematanhatu, nepo rectal swab yakaramba yakanaka kwemazuva makumi maviri nemanomwe mushure mekutanga kwezviratidzo., zvichiratidza kuti rectal swab inogona kupa mhedzisiro yakajeka maererano nekuvapo kwehutachiona mumuviri.

Uye zvakare, kumwe kudzidza ^[9] vakawana kuti varwere vane yakanaka SARS-CoV-2 rectal swab vaive neepasi lymphocyte counts, yakanyanya kupisa kuzvimba uye shanduko dzakanyanya muchirwere, zvichiratidza kuti yakanaka rectal swab inogona kuva chiratidzo chakakomba cheCOVID-19.Nekudaro, kuyedzwa kweSARS-CoV-2 rectally inogona kunge iri zano rinoshanda zvine chekuita nekutarisa varwere vane hutachiona hweSARS-CoV-2 hwakasimbiswa nemamolekyamu bvunzo dzakagadzirwa kubva nasal swab.

Iyi nzira yekufambisa ichiri kuongororwa, zvisinei izvo zvidzidzo zvakamboratidzwa zvinosimbisa kuvapo kwenzira iyi yehutachiona, inogona kuitika kuburikidza nekushandisa mvura yakasviba, kufema kwemadonhwe kana maaerosol mumiti yekurapa mvura kana kuburikidza nekubata nenzvimbo dzakasvibiswa ne tsvina ine hutachiona.

Zvisinei nezvakawanikwa izvi, fecal-oral transmission haisati yaratidzirwa, uye kunyangwe kana huwandu hwehutachiona hunowanikwa mune idzi sampuli hwakakwana kukonzera hutachiona, zvisinei zvinokwanisika kuti kuongororwa kwemvura yemaseseji kunoonekwa sehurongwa hwekuongorora kupararira kwehutachiona.

Nzwisisa zvirinani kuti kutapurirana kunoitika sei uye kuti ungazvidzivirire sei kubva ku COVID-19:

COVID-19 shanduko

Nekuti ihutachiona hweRNA, zvakajairika kuti SARS-CoV-2, inova hutachiona hunokonzera chirwere ichi, iite shanduko nekufamba kwenguva. Zvinoenderana neshanduko yakatambura, hunhu hwehutachiona hunogona kuchinjwa, senge hutachiona hutachiwana, kuomarara kwechirwere uye kuramba kurapwa.

Imwe yeshanduko yehutachiona iyo yakawana mukurumbira ndeye yakatanga kuzivikanwa muUnited Kingdom uye ine gumi neshanu shanduko dzakaitika muhutachiona kana panguva imwechete uye zvinoita kunge dzinoita kuti dambudziko idzva iri riwedzere kutapuriranwa.

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kumwe kwekuchinja uku kune hukama negene rinokonzeresa kukodha protein iri pamusoro pehutachiona uye inosunga kumasero emunhu. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuchinja, hutachiona hunogona kusunga kumaseru zviri nyore uye kukonzera hutachiona.

Uye zvakare, zvimwe zvakasiyana zveSARS-CoV-2 zvakaonekwa muSouth Africa neBrazil izvo zvakare zvine hukuru hwekufambisa uye izvo zvisina hukama nezviitiko zvakakomba zveCOVID-19. Zvisinei, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinodiwa kubatsira kubatsira kunyatsonzwisisa maitiro ehutachiona nekuda kweshanduko idzi.

Sei kusawana iyo coronavirus

Kuti udzivirire hutachiona hwe COVID-19, zvinokurudzirwa kutora seti yemaitiro ekudzivirira anosanganisira:

• Shamba maoko ako zvakakwana nesipo nemvura, kunyanya mushure mekubata munhu ane hutachiona kana uyo anofungidzirwa;
• Dzivisa nharaunda dzakavharwa uye dzakazara, nekuti munzvimbo idzi hutachiona hunogona kupararira zviri nyore uye hunosvika kuvanhu vakawanda;
• Pfeka mamask anodzivirira kuvhara mhino nemuromo uye kunyanya kudzivirira kuendesa kune vamwe vanhu. Mumatunhu ane njodzi huru yekutapukirwa uye nevashandi vehutano vari kuchengeta vanhu vane fungidziro yekuti coronavirus, kushandiswa kwemasks eN95, N100, FFP2 kana FFP3 kunokurudzirwa.
• Dzivisa kusangana nemhuka dzesango kana vanoita sevanorwara, nekuti kutapurirana kunogona kuitika pakati pemhuka nevanhu;
• Dzivisa kugovana zvinhu zvako pachako izvo zvinogona kuve nemadonhwe emate, semuenzaniso, sekucheka uye magirazi.

Uye zvakare, senzira yekudzivirira kutapurirana, World Health Organisation iri kuvandudza nekushandisa matanho ekuongorora fungidziro nezviitiko zvehutachiona hwecoronavirus kuitira kuti unzwisise hutachiona hwehutachiona uye nzira yekufambisa. Tarisa uone dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira kuwana iyo coronavirus.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve hutachiona muvhidhiyo inotevera:

Zvinoita here kubata hutachiwana kanopfuura kamwe?

Iko kune, kutaura zvazviri, zviitiko zvevanhu vakawana hutachiona rwechipiri kechipiri mushure mekutanga hutachiona. Zvisinei, uye maererano neCDC^[7], njodzi yekubata COVID-19 zvakare ishoma kwazvo, kunyanya mumazuva makumi mapfumbamwe ekutanga mushure mekutanga hutachiona. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti muviri unoburitsa masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anovimbisa hutachiona kubva kuhutachiona, zvirinani kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe ekutanga.