Allergic maitiro

Allergic reaction kunzwisiswa kwezvinhu zvinonzi ma allergener anosangana neganda, mhino, maziso, nzira yekufema, uye gastrointestinal turakiti. Vanogona kufemerwa mumapapu, kumedzwa, kana kujowa.

Allergic reaction inowanzoitika. Iko kudzivirirwa kwekudzivirira muviri kunokonzeresa kurwisa kwakafanana nemhinduro inokonzera hay fever. Mazhinji maitiro anoitika nekukurumidza mushure mekubatana neye allergen.

Mazhinji maitiro eergoriki akapfava, nepo mamwe angave akaomarara uye kutyisidzira hupenyu. Vanogona kuvharirwa kunzvimbo diki yemuviri, kana vanogona kukanganisa muviri wese. Iyo fomu yakaoma kwazvo inonzi anaphylaxis kana anaphylactic kuvhunduka. Allergic reaction inowanzoitika kazhinji muvanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri yekusawirirana.

Zvinhu zvisinganetse vanhu vazhinji (senge huturu hunobva mukurumwa nenyuchi uye zvimwe zvekudya, mishonga, uye pollens) zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwevamwe vanhu.

Kutanga-nguva kuratidzwa kunogona kuburitsa chete hunyoro maitiro. Kudzokororwa kuratidzwa kunogona kutungamira mukukanganisa kwakanyanya. Pane imwe nguva munhu ave nekutsvaga kana kusagadzikana kwehutano (inokurudzirwa), kunyange kutaridzirwa zvishoma kune zvishoma zvishoma zve-allergen kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru.

Kunyanya kukonzeresa kugarisana kunoitika mukati memasekondi kana maminetsi mushure mekuratidzwa kune iyo allergen. Kumwe kuita kunogona kuitika mushure memaawa akati wandei, kunyanya kana allergen ichikonzera kuitika mushure mekudyiwa. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, maitiro anoitika mushure maawa makumi maviri nemana.

Anaphylaxis inongoerekana yaitika uye yakaoma kukanganiswa nehutachiona kunoitika mukati memaminitsi ekuratidzwa. Pakarepo kurapwa kunodiwa kune ino mamiriro. Pasina kurapwa, anaphylaxis inogona kuwedzera kukurumidza zvakanyanya uye inotungamira kurufu mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu.

Kazhinji zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:

• Mhuka dander
• Nyuchi dzinoruma kana kubaya kubva kune zvimwe zvipembenene
• Kudya, kunyanya nzungu, hove, uye hove
• Kurumwa nezvipembenene
• Mishonga
• Zvirimwa
• Pollens

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvehunhu husina kumira zvakanaka hunosanganisira:

• Mikoko (kunyanya pamusoro pemutsipa nechiso)
• Itching
• Kuzara kwemhino
• Rashes
• Mvura, maziso matsvuku

Zviratidzo zvekuita zvine mwero kana zvakanyanya kuita zvinosanganisira:

• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Asina kujairika (akakwira-akadzika) mafemo ekufema
• Kufunganya
• Chipfuva kusagadzikana kana kuomesa
• Kukosora
• Manyoka
• Kuoma kufema, kufema
• Zvakaoma kumedza
• Dzungu kana hurema
• Kumhanya kana kutsvuka kwechiso
• Kusvotwa kana kurutsa
• Palpitations
• Kuzvimba kwechiso, maziso, kana rurimi
• Kusaziva

Yekuita munyoro kusvika pakati nepakati.

Dzikama uye simbisa munhu ari kuita. Kuzvidya mwoyo kunogona kuita kuti zviratidzo zviwedzere.

Edza kuona allergen uye ita kuti munhu wacho aregezve kuonana nayo.

1. Kana munhu wacho akatanga nekukasira, ita zvinodzivirira zvinotonhorera uye over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream.
2. Tarisa munhu wacho nezviratidzo zvekuwedzera kunetseka.
3. Wana rubatsiro rwechiremba. Nekuita zvinyoro nyoro, mupi wezvehutano anogona kukurudzira mishonga inopfuura-the-counter, senge antihistamines.

Nokuda kwehutachiona hwehutachiona (anaphylaxis):

Tarisa mweya wemunhu, kufema, uye kutenderera (maABC eE Basic Life Rutsigiro). Chiratidzo cheyambiro chekuzvimba kwehuro kune njodzi izwi rakashoshoma kana rakazevezerana, kana ruzha rwakakora kana munhu ari kufema mumhepo. Kana zvichidikanwa, tanga kununura kufema uye CPR.

1. Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency.
2. Dzikama uye simbisa munhu wacho.
3. Kana iyo allergic reaction ichibva kunorumwa nenyuchi, bvisa chibaya kubva paganda nechimwe chinhu chakasimba (senge nzara kana kiredhiti kadhi rechikwereti). Usashandise tweezers - kusvina stinger kunoburitsa huturu hwakawanda.
4. Kana munhu wacho aine jekiseni rekurwisa mishonga (Epinephrine), riitise pakutanga kwekuita. Usamirira kuti uone kana kuita kwacho kuchikura. Dzivisa mushonga wemuromo kana munhu achinetseka kufema.
5. Tora matanho ekudzivirira kushamisika. Ita kuti munhu avete akati sandara, simudza tsoka dzemunhu anenge gumi nemasendimita (30 masendimita), uye wozvifukidza nejasi kana gumbeze. Usaise munhu panzvimbo iyi kana musoro kana mutsipa, musana, kana gumbo kukuvadzwa kana kukonzeresa kusagadzikana.

Kana munhu achirwara nehutano:

• Usafunge kuti chero maabhogy allergy munhu atogashira anozopa dziviriro yakakwana.
• Usaise mutsago pasi pemusoro wemunhu kana achinetseka kufema. Izvi zvinogona kuvharidzira mafafitera.
• Usape munhu chinhu nemuromo kana munhu achinetseka kufema.

Fonera rubatsiro rwechiremba (911 kana iyo yemuno emergency nhamba) ipapo kana:

• Munhu wacho ane chirwere chakakomba chemuviri. Usamirira kuti uone kana kuita kuri kuwedzera.
• Munhu wacho ane nhoroondo yekurwara kwakanyanya (tarisa chitupa chekurapa).

Kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwemagetsi:

• Dzivisa zvinokonzeresa zvakaita sekudya nemishonga izvo zvakakonzera kusagadzikana mune zvekare. Bvunza yakadzama mibvunzo nezvezvigadzirwa kana iwe uchidya kure nemusha.Ngwarira kutarisa zvigadzirwa zvemavara.
• Kana iwe uine mwana ane allergiki kune zvimwe zvekudya, svitsa chikafu chimwe chitsva panguva imwe muzvidiki kuti iwe ugone kucheresa kusagadzikana.
• Vanhu vakave neakanyanya kuwiriranwa nehutachiona vanofanirwa kupfeka chitupa chekurapa uye kutakura mishonga yechimbichimbi, senge fomu isingabviri yeklorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), uye jekiseni epinephrine kana kititi chekurumwa nenyuchi, zvinoenderana nemirayiridzo yemupi wako.
• Usashandise yako jekiseni epinephrine pane chero munhu. Vanogona kunge vaine mamiriro, senge dambudziko remwoyo, iro rinogona kuitiswa zvakaipa nemushonga uyu.

Anaphylaxis; Anaphylaxis - rubatsiro rwekutanga

• Allergic maitiro
• Dermatographism - pedyo-kumusoro
• Dermatographism paruoko
• Mikoko (urticaria) paruoko
• Mikoko (urticaria) pachipfuva
• Mikoko (urticaria) - pedyo-up
• Mikoko (urticaria) pahunde
• Dermatographism kumusana
• Dermatographism - ruoko
• Allergic maitiro

Auerbach PS. Allergic reaction. Mune: Auerbach PS, ed. Mushonga wekunze. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: 64-65.

Barkdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allergy, hypersensitivity, uye anaphylaxis. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 109.

Custovic A, Tovey E. Allergen kudzora kwekudzivirira uye manejimendi ezvirwere zvemuviri. Mune: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy: Maitiro uye Maitiro. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 84.

Lieberman P, Nicklas RA, Randolph C, uye al. Anaphylaxis - yekudzidzira paramende yekuvandudza 2015. Ann Allergy Chirwere Immunol. 2015; 115 (5): 341-384. PMID: 26505932 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26505932/.