Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis chirwere umo nzira huru dzemumapapu dzakakuvara. Izvi zvinoita kuti mafafitera emhepo awedzere kuwanda zvachose.

Bronchiectasis inogona kuvapo pakuzvarwa kana pahucheche kana kukura gare gare muhupenyu.

Bronchiectasis inowanzo kukonzerwa nekuzvimba kana hutachiona hwemweya unoramba uchidzoka.

Dzimwe nguva zvinotanga muhucheche mushure mekuita hutachiona hwakakomba hwemapapu kana kufema chinhu chekunze. Kufema muzvikamu zvekudya kunogona zvakare kutungamira kune ino mamiriro.

Zvimwe zvikonzero zvebronchiectasis zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Cystic fibrosis, chirwere chinokonzera mukobvu wakakora, unonamira kuvaka mumapapu
• Autoimmune kusagadzikana, senge rheumatoid arthritis kana Sjögren syndrome
• Allergic mapapu zvirwere
• Leukemia uye mamwe kanzuru
• Immune kushomeka syndromes
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia (chimwe chirwere chepamuviri)
• Kubatwa neiyo isiri-tuberculous mycobacteria

Zviratidzo zvinokura nekufamba kwenguva. Zvinogona kuitika mwedzi kana makore mushure mechiitiko icho chinokonzera bronchiectasis.

Yenguva refu (isingaperi) chikosoro ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekunhuhwirira sputum ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chebronchiectasis. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kufema kunhuwa
• Kukosora ropa (risinganyanyozivikanwa muvana)
• Kuneta
• Ruvara
• Kufema kwekufema kunowedzera nekurovedza muviri
• Kuonda
• Kushungurudza
• Low fever fever uye sweat usiku
• Kubhururuka kweminwe (kushoma, kunoenderana nechikonzero)

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama. Kana uchiteerera chipfuva ne stethoscope, mupi anogona kunzwa kudzvanya kudiki, kufefetera, kufema, kurira, kana imwe ruzha, kazhinji mumapapu ezasi.

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Aspergillosis precipitin bvunzo (kutarisa zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana kwefungus)
• Alpha-1 antitrypsin ropa bvunzo
• Chest x-ray
• Chest CT
• Sputum tsika
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• Kuongorora genetic, kusanganisira kuyedzwa kwe sweat yecystic fibrosis uye kuyedzwa kwezvimwe zvirwere (senge yekutanga ciliary dyskinesia)
• PPD ganda bvunzo kuti utarise hutachiona hwehutachiona hwekare
• Serum immunoglobulin electrophoresis kuyera mapuroteni anonzi immunoglobulins muropa
• Lung basa rinoyera kuyera kufema uye mashandiro emapapu ari kushanda
• Kushomeka kwe immune

Kurapa kunoitirwa:

• Kudzora hutachiona uye sputum
• Kurerutsa kuvharika kwemhepo
• Kudzivirira dambudziko kubva pakuwedzera

Mvura yezuva nezuva yekubvisa sputum chikamu chekurapa. Chiremba wekufema anogona kuratidza iye munhu kukosora zviitwa izvo zvinobatsira.

Mishonga inowanzo gadzwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kurapa hutachiona
• Bronchodilators kuvhura mweya
• Vanotarisira kubatsira kusunungura uye kukosora chikosoro chakakora

Kuvhiya kubvisa (resect) mapapu kunogona kudikanwa kana mushonga ukasashanda uye chirwere chiri munzvimbo diki, kana kana munhu aine kubuda ropa kwakawanda mumapapu. Izvo zvinonyanya kutariswa kana pasina chibereko kana kuwanikwa kune bronchiectasis (semuenzaniso, zvinowanzoitika kufunga kana paine bronchiectasis mune chimwe chikamu chemapapu chete nekuda kwekutadziswa kwepamberi).

Maonero anoenderana nechikonzero chaicho chechirwere. Nekurapwa, vanhu vazhinji vanorarama vasina hurema hwakakura uye chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi zvishoma nezvishoma.

Matambudziko ebronchiectasis anogona kusanganisira:

• Cor pulmonale
• Kukosora ropa
• Low oxygen mazinga (mune zvakakomba zviitiko)
• Anowanzoitika mabayo
• Kushungurudzika (mune zvisingawanzoitika zviitiko)

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Kurwadziwa pachifuva kana kupfupika kwemweya kunowedzera
• Pane shanduko muvara kana huwandu hwephlegm yaunosora, kana kana iri reropa
• Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowedzera kuwedzera kana kusavandudza nemushonga

Iwe unogona kudzikisa njodzi yako nekukurumidza kurapa hutachiona hwemapapu.

Mishonga yekudzivirira yehucheche uye wekudzivirira furu yegore negore zvinobatsira kudzikisa mukana wehumwe hutachiona. Kudzivirira hutachiona hwepamusoro hwekufema, kusvuta, uye kusvibiswa kunogona zvakare kudzora njodzi yako yekuwana hutachiona uhu.

Yakawanikwa bronchiectasis; Kuberekwa bronchiectasis; Chirwere chemapapu - bronchiectasis

• Kuvhiyiwa kwemapapu - kubuda

• Mapapu
• Kufuridzira system

Chan ED, Iseman MD. Bronchiectasis. Mune: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray naNadel Chinyorwa cheKufema Kwemishonga. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chitsiko 48.

Chang AB, Redding GJ. Bronchiectasis uye chisingaperi chirwere chinotapukira chemapapu. Mu: Wilmott RW, Kuderedza R, Li A, et al, eds. Kendig's Kukanganisika kweRefiratory Tract muVana. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsiko 26.

O'Donnell AE. Bronchiectasis, atelectasis, cysts, uye nzvimbo dzakagadziriswa mapapu. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 84.