Rickets

Rickets chirwere chinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwevhitamini D, calcium, kana phosphate. Inotungamira pakunyorovera uye kupera simba kwemapfupa.

Vitamin D inobatsira muviri kudzora calcium uye phosphate mazinga. Kana mwero weropa remaminerari aya ukadzika zvakanyanya, muviri unogona kuburitsa mahormone anoita kuti calcium nefosfeti isunungurwe mumapfupa. Izvi zvinotungamira kumapfupa asina kusimba uye akapfava.

Vitamin D inodhonzwa kubva muchikafu kana inogadzirwa neganda kana ichinge yaonekwa kuzuva. Kushaikwa kwevhitamini D kugadzirwa neganda kunogona kuitika kune vanhu vano:

• Rarama mumamiriro ekunze uine shoma zuva
• Unofanira kugara mumba
• Shanda mumba mukati menguva yemasikati

Iwe haugone kuwana zvakakwana vitamini D kubva pane zvaunodya kana iwe:

• Lactose isingashiviriri (ine dambudziko rekuchera zvigadzirwa zvemukaka)
• Usamwe zvigadzirwa zvemukaka
• Tevera chikafu chemuriwo

Vacheche vanoyamwiswa chete vanogona kukura kushomeka kwevhitamini D. Mukaka wemunhu wemukaka haupi huwandu hwakaringana hwevhitamini D. Iri rinogona kunge riri dambudziko rakanangana nevana vane ganda rakasviba mumwedzi yechando. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kune mashoma ezuva ezuva mukati memwedzi iyi.

Kusawane calcium yakakwana uye phosphorus mukudya kwako kunogona zvakare kutungamira kumarickets. Rickets inokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemaminerari aya mune chikafu chisingawanzo munyika dzakabudirira. Calcium nephosphorus zvinowanikwa mumukaka nemiriwo yakasvibirira.

Mageneti ako anogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yemarickets. Nhaka dzenhabvu chimiro chechirwere chinopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri. Izvo zvinoitika kana itsvo dzisingakwanise kubatisisa iyo mineral phosphate. Rickets inogona zvakare kukonzerwa neitsvo kusagadzikana uko kunosanganisira renal tubular acidosis.

Kukanganisika kunoderedza kugaya kana kunwa kwemafuta kunoita kuti zviome kuti vhitamini D inyure mumuviri.

Dzimwe nguva, mariketi anogona kuitika muvana vane kusagadzikana kwechiropa. Vana ava havagoni kushandura vhitamini D kuita chimiro chayo chinoshanda.

Rickets ishoma muUnited States. Inonyanya kuitika muvana panguva dzekukura nekukurumidza. Iyi ndiyo nguva iyo muviri unoda huwandu hwecalcium uye phosphate. Rickets inogona kuonekwa muvana vane makore matanhatu kusvika makumi maviri nemana. Hazvina kujairika mune vacheche.

Zviratidzo zvemaketi zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa kwepfupa kana hunyoro mumaoko, makumbo, chiuno, uye musana
• Kupera kwemhasuru toni (kurasikirwa kwesimba mhasuru) uye kushaya simba kunowedzera
• Kuremara kwemazino, kusanganisira kunonoka kuumbwa kwemeno, kuremara mukuumbwa kwemeno, maburi muiyo enamel, uye maburi akawedzera (mazino akavhara)
• Kukanganisa kukura
• Kuwedzera kwemapfupa kutsemuka
• Tsandanyama tsandanyama
• Pfupi chimiro (vakuru vasingasvike pamamita mashanu kana 1.52 mita kureba)
• Skeletal deformities dzakadai sedehenya risina kuumbwa, Bowlegs, mabumps mu ribcage (rachitic rosary), chipfuva chinoputirwa kumberi (pigeon chest), pelvic deformities, uye spine deformities (musana unokomberedza zvisina kujairika, kusanganisira scoliosis kana kyphosis)

Kuongorora kwepanyama kunoratidza kupfava kana kurwadziwa mumapfupa, asi kwete mumajoini kana mhasuru.

Iyi bvunzo inotevera inogona kubatsira kuongorora rickets:

• Arterial eropa magasi
• Ropa bvunzo (serum calcium)
• Bone biopsy (kashoma kuitwa)
• Bone x-ray
• Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• Serum phosphorus

Mimwe bvunzo nemaitiro zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• ALP isoenzyme
• Calcium (ionized)
• Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
• Weti calcium

Zvinangwa zvekurapa ndezvekununura zviratidzo uye kugadzirisa chinokonzeresa chemamiriro acho. Chikonzero chinofanirwa kurapwa kudzivirira chirwere kubva kudzoka.

Kutsiva calcium, phosphorus, kana vhitamini D iyo inoshaikwa ichabvisa akawanda mariketi. Kudya kwevhitamini D kunosanganisira hove chiropa uye mukaka wakagadziriswa.

Kujekesa kune mwero wezuva rezuva kunokurudzirwa. Kana mariketi achikonzerwa nechinetso chemagetsi, mushonga wevhitamini D unowedzera ungadikanwa.

Positioning kana bracing inogona kushandiswa kudzikisira kana kudzivirira hurema. Mamwe maronda akaremara angangoda kuvhiyiwa kuti aagadzirise.

Dambudziko rinogona kugadziriswa nekutsiva vhitamini D nemaminerari. Maitiro erabhoritari uye x-ray anowanzo gadziridza mushure meinenge vhiki rimwe. Zvimwe zviitiko zvinogona kuda madosi makuru emaminerari uye vhitamini D.

Kana marickets asina kugadziriswa mwana achiri kukura, mafupa akaremara uye chimiro chipfupi chinogona kunge chiripo. Kana ikaruramiswa mwana achiri mudiki, mafupa akaremara anowanzo simuka kana kutsakatika nenguva.

Zvinogona kuitika ndezvekuti:

• Yenguva refu (isingaperi) maronda ekurwadziwa
• Mafupa akaremara
• Skeletal kuputsika, kunogona kuitika pasina chikonzero

Fonera mwana wako wekuchengeta hutano kana iwe ukaona zviratidzo zvemarickets.

Iwe unogona kudzivirira rickets nekuona chokwadi kuti mwana wako anowana calcium yakakwana, phosphorus, uye vhitamini D mukudya kwavo. Vana vane kugaya kana zvimwe zvinetso vangangoda kutora zvinowedzera zvakatemwa nemupi wemwana.

Itsvo (renal) hosha dzinogona kukonzera kusakwana kwevhitamini D kunwiwa kunofanirwa kurapwa ipapo ipapo. Kana iwe uine renal kusagadzikana, tarisa calcium uye phosphorus mazinga nguva dzose.

Kurairidzwa kwegeneti kunogona kubatsira vanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri yezvinetso zvakagarwa nhaka zvinogona kukonzera mariketi.

Osteomalacia muvana; Vitamin D kushomeka; Renal rickets; Hepatic rickets

• X-ray

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Dhiyabhorosi MB, Krane SM. Kukanganisika kwemamineralization. Muna: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Vakuru uye Chiremba. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits 71.

Greenbaum LA. Vitamin D kushomeka (rickets) uye kuwandisa. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 64.

Weinstein RS. Osteomalacia uye rickets. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 231.