Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism mamiriro mune iyo thyroid gland isingaite yakakwana thyroid kemikari. Iyi mamiriro inowanzo kunzi isingashande thyroid.

Iyo thyroid gland inhengo yakakosha yeiyo endocrine system. Iyo iri kumberi kwemutsipa, pamusoro chete panosangana mapoloni ako. Utachiona hunoita mahormone anodzora mashandisiro anoita sero rega mumuviri simba. Izvi zvinonzi metabolism.

Hypothyroidism inowanzoitika kune vakadzi uye vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu.

Chikonzero chakanyanya kukonzera hypothyroidism ndeye thyroiditis. Kuzvimba uye kuzvimba kunokanganisa masero egland.

Zvinokonzera dambudziko iri zvinosanganisira:

• Iyo immune system inorwisa iyo thyroid gland
• Utachiona hutachiona (hunowanzo dzihwa) kana zvimwe zvirwere zvekufema
• Kubata (kunowanzonzi postpartum thyroiditis)

Zvimwe zvikonzero zve hypothyroidism zvinosanganisira:

• Mimwe mishonga, senge lithiamu uye amiodarone, uye mamwe marudzi emakemikari
• Kuberekwa (kuberekwa) kukanganisa
• Radiation kurapwa kumutsipa kana huropi kurapa akasiyana cancer
• Radioactive iodine inoshandiswa kurapa yakanyanyisa kugadzirwa gland
• Kuvhiya kubviswa kwechikamu kana chese chetachiona gland
• Sheehan syndrome, mamiriro anogona kuitika mumukadzi anobuda ropa zvakanyanya panguva yekuzvitakura kana pakuzvara uye anokonzeresa kuparadzwa kwepituitary gland.
• Pituitary bundu kana pituitary kuvhiyiwa

Zviratidzo zvekutanga:

• Zvigaro zvakaoma kana kupatirwa
• Kunzwa kutonhora (kupfeka juzi kana vamwe vakapfeka t-shirt)
• Kuneta kana kunzwa kunonoka
• Zvinorema uye zvisina kujairika kumwedzi
• Joint kana mhasuru kurwadziwa
• Ruvara kana ganda rakaoma
• Kusuruvara kana kuora mwoyo
• Mutete, bvudzi rakapfava kana nzara
• Kushaya simba
• Kurera huremu

Zviratidzo zvekupedzisira, kana zvisina kurapwa:

• Yakadzikira kuravira uye kunhuwidza
• Kuchema
• Chiso chakazvimba, maoko, uye tsoka
• Kunonoka kutaura
• Kuonda kweganda
• Kuonda kwetsiye
• Tembiricha yemuviri yakaderera
• Inononoka kurova kwemoyo

Mubatsiri wezvehutano anozoongorora panyama uye anogona kuona kuti gland rako rehutachiona rakawedzerwa. Dzimwe nguva, gland iri saizi yakaenzana kana diki-kupfuura-zvakajairwa. Bvunzo dzinogona zvakare kuratidza:

• Yakakwira diastolic reropa (yechipiri nhamba)
• Bvudzi rakapfava
• Zvinotyisa zvechiso
• Pale kana rakaoma ganda, iro rinogona kunge rinotonhorera kune iro rinobata
• Reflexes izvo zvisina kujairika (kunonoka kuzorora)
• Kuzvimba kwemaoko nemakumbo

Kuongororwa kweropa kunorairwawo kuyera mahormone etachiona ako TSH uye T4.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuve nemiedzo yekutarisa:

• Cholesterol mazinga
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• Chiropa enzymes
• Prolactin
• Sodium
• Cortisol

Kurapa kunoitirwa kutsiva hutachiona hwehomoni iwe yauri kushaya.

Levothyroxine ndiwo mushonga unonyanya kushandiswa:

• Iwe unozopihwa iyo yakaderera dhosi inokwanisika iyo inoderedza zviratidzo zvako uye inounza yako eropa mahormone mazinga kumashure kune akajairwa.
• Kana iwe uine chirwere chemwoyo kana iwe uri mukuru, wako mupi anogona kutanga iwe padiki diki dosi.
• Vanhu vazhinji vane utachiona husingashande vachazoda kutora mushonga uyu kweupenyu hwese.
• Levothyroxine inowanzova piritsi, asi vamwe vanhu vane hypothyroidism yakaoma kwazvo vanotanga kurapwa muchipatara ne intravenous levothyroxine (yakapihwa kuburikidza netsinga).

Kana uchitanga iwe pamushonga wako, mupi wako anogona kutarisa ako mahormone mwero pamwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu. Mushure meizvozvo, ako mahormone emahormone anofanirwa kuongororwa kamwe chete pagore.

Paunenge uchitora mushonga wehutachiona, ziva zvinotevera:

• Usarega kutora mushonga, kunyangwe iwe uchinzwa zvirinani. Ramba uchitora izvo chaizvo sekupa kwaunopihwa nemupi wako.
• Kana iwe ukachinja marangi emushonga wetachiona, rega mupi wako azive Nhanho dzako dzinogona kuda kuongororwa.
• Izvo zvaunodya zvinogona kuchinja nzira iyo muviri wako unotora mushonga weiyo thyroid. Taura nemupi wako kana iwe uchidya yakawanda yesoy zvigadzirwa kana uri pane yakakwira-fiber chikafu.
• Mushonga weTiroid unoshanda zvakanyanya padumbu risina chinhu uye kana uchitorwa awa rimwe pamberi pemimwe mishonga. Kumbira mupiki wako kana iwe uchifanira kutora mushonga wako panguva yekurara. Kuitora panguva yekurara kunogona kubvumira muviri wako kunwa mushonga zvirinani pane kuutora masikati.
• Mirira angangoita maawa mana mushure mekutora utachiona kemikari usati watora fiber zvinowedzera, calcium, iron, multivitamini, aluminium hydroxide antacids, colestipol, kana mishonga inosunga bile acids.

Paunenge uchitora utachiona kutsiva kurapwa, udza mupi wako kana iwe uine chero zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti yako dosi yakanyanya kukwirira, senge:

• Kufunganya
• Palpitations
• Kukurumidza kurasikirwa uremu
• Kusagadzikana kana kuzungunuka (kudedera)
• Kudikitira

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, utachiona hwehomoni hunowanzo kuve hwakajairika nekurapwa kwakanaka. Iwe unogona kutora mushonga wehormone yehormoni kwehupenyu hwako hwese.

Myxedema dambudziko (inonziwo myxedema coma), iyo yakaoma kwazvo fomu hypothyroidism, ishoma. Izvo zvinoitika kana hutachiona hwehormone huwandu hwanyanya, hwakadzika kwazvo. Dambudziko rakakomba rehypothyroid rinobva rakonzerwa nehutachiona, kurwara, kuratidzwa nechando, kana mimwe mishonga (maopiates chikonzero chinowanzoitika) kune vanhu vane hypothyroidism yakaoma.

Myxedema dambudziko nderekurapwa kwekukurumidzira kunofanirwa kurapwa muchipatara. Vamwe vanhu vangangoda okisijeni, rubatsiro rwekufema (ventilator), kutsiva kwemvura, uye mukoti wakanyanya-wekutarisira.

Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvemyxedema coma zvinosanganisira:

• Pazasi peyakajairika tembiricha yemuviri
• Kuderedza kufema
• Yakadzika systolic yeropa
• Shuga shoma yeropa
• Kusapindura
• Mamiriro asina kukodzera kana asina hunhu

Vanhu vasina kurapwa hypothyroidism vari pangozi yeku:

• Utachiona
• Kushaya mbereko, kupererwa nemimba, kuzvara mwana ane hurema hwekuzvara
• Chirwere chemwoyo nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeLDL (yakaipa) cholesterol
• Kutadza kwemoyo

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uine zviratidzo zvehypothyroidism.

Kana iwe uri kurapwa kune hypothyroidism, fonera mupi wako kana:

• Iwe unovandudza kurwadziwa kwepfupa kana kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo
• Une hutachiona
• Zviratidzo zvako zvinowedzera kuwedzera kana kusavandudza nemushonga
• Unovandudza zviratidzo zvitsva

Myxedema; Munhu mukuru hypothyroidism; Utachiona husingashandi; Goiter - hypothyroidism; Thyroiditis - hypothyroidism; Thyroid kemikari - hypothyroidism

• Kubvisa gland - kubuda

• Endocrine masero
• Hypothyroidism
• Brain-thyroid chinongedzo
• Primary uye yechipiri hypothyroidism

Brent GA, Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism uye thyroiditis. Mune: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds.Williams Chinyorwa cheEndocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 13.

Garber JR, Cobin RH, Gharib H, uye al. Clinical tsika nhungamiro ye hypothyroidism muvakuru: cosponsored neAmerican Association of Clinical Endocrinologists uye American Thyroid Association. Endocr Dzidzira. 2012; 18 (6): 988-1028. PMID: 23246686 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23246686/.

Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, et al; American Thyroid Association Task Force paHyroid Hormone Kutsiva. Mirayiridzo yekurapa kwehypothyroidism: yakagadzirirwa neAmerican Thyroid Association boka reboka pane utachiona hwehomoni kutsiva. Utachiona. 2014; 24 (12): 1670-1751. PMID: 25266247 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247/.