Anti-ngura chigadzirwa chepfu

Anti-ngura chigadzirwa chepfu chinoitika kana mumwe munhu achifemera mukati kana kumedza zvigadzirwa zvinorwisa ngura. Izvi zvigadzirwa zvinogona kufuridzirwa netsaona mukati (inhaled) kana zvikashandiswa mune diki, isina mweya mweya nzvimbo, senge mugaraji.

Ichi chinyorwa ndechekuziva chete. Usashandise iyo kurapa kana kubata chaiyo pozi kuratidzwa. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wauinaye aine mukana wekufona, fonera yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency (yakadai se911), kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda yekudzivirira chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika isingabhadhariswe Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222 ) kubva chero kupi muUnited States.

Anti-ngura zvinhu zvine zvakasiyana zvine chepfu zvinhu, zvinosanganisira:

• Kuchema vamiririri
• Mahydrocarbon
• Hydrochloric asidhi
• MaNitriti
• Oxalic asidhi
• Phosphoric asidhi

Yakasiyana-siyana anti-ngura zvigadzirwa

Anti-ngura yechigadzirwa chepfu inogona kukonzera zviratidzo munzvimbo zhinji dzemuviri.

MAZISO, Nzeve, MHUMO, NEHOSI

• Kurasikirwa kwemaonero
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya pahuro
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kana kupisa mumhino, maziso, nzeve, miromo, kana rurimi

GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM

• Ropa muzvigaro
• Kupisa kwehuro (esophagus)
• Kutambudzika kwakanyanya kwepamuviri
• Kusvipa
• Kusvipa ropa

MOYO NEROPA

• Kupunzika
• Kuderera kweropa
• Methemoglobinemia (rakasviba ropa kubva kumasero matsvuku eropa)
• Yakawandisa kana ishoma asidi muropa, izvo zvinotungamira mukukuvadzwa munhengo dzese dzemuviri

KIDHIYA

• Itsvo kutadza

Mazhinji mhedzisiro ine njodzi kune chepfu kubva kuzvinhu zvinorwisa ngura zvinobva mukufemesa chinhu.

MHUNGWA NEMAWARE

• Kufema kunetseka
• Kuzvimba kwehuro (kunogona kukonzera kunetseka kufema)
• Asphyxia
• Chemical pneumonitis
• Sekondari bhakitiriya kana hutachiona hutachiona
• Hemorrhagic pulmonary edema
• Kufuridzira kushushikana kana kutadza
• Pneumothorax
• Kubwinya kwepleural
• Empyema

ZVINONZI SYSTEM

• Kusagadzikana
• Coma
• Kuvhiringidzika
• Dzungu
• Kugadziriswa
• Kusaziva
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kuona kwakashata
• Kushaya simba
• Kukanganiswa kwehuropi kubva pazasi oxygen level

GANDA

• Kunopisa
• Kushatirwa
• Makomba (necrosis) muganda kana zvinyama pasi

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba ipapo. Usaite kuti munhu arase kumusoro kunze kwekunge audzwa kuti aite kudaro nenzvimbo yehupfu kana nyanzvi yezvehutano.

Kana kemikari yakamedzwa, pakarepo ipa munhu mvura kana mukaka, kunze kwekunge warairwa neimwe nzira nemupi wezvehutano. Usape mvura kana mukaka kana munhu achinge aine zviratidzo (sekurutsa, kugwinha, kana kudzikira kwekusvinura) zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kumedza.

Kana munhu akafemera muchetura, chirumidza kuendesa munhu kumhepo nyowani.

Tora ruzivo runotevera:

• Zera remunhu, huremu, uye mamiriro
• Zita rechigadzirwa (zvishandiso uye simba, kana zvichizivikanwa)
• Nguva yakamedzwa
• Mari yakamedzwa

Yako yepanzvimbo yekudzora huturu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yepasirose-isina muripo Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero muUnited States. Iyi hotline yenyika inokurega iwe uchitaura nenyanzvi mune chepfu. Ivo vanozokupa iwe kumwe kuraira.

Iri ibasa remahara uye rakavanzika. Nzvimbo dzese dzemunharaunda dzekudzora chepfu muUnited States dzinoshandisa iyi nhamba yenyika. Iwe unofanirwa kufona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

Iye mupi anozoyera nekutarisa zviratidzo zvako zvakakosha, zvinosanganisira kupisa, kupisa, kufema, uye kuwedzerwa kweropa. Zviratidzo zvichabatwa sezvakakodzera. Unogona kugamuchira:

• Kufema rutsigiro, kusanganisira chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo uye mumapapu, yakabatana nemuchina wekufema (ventilator)
• Bronchoscopy - kamera diki pasi pehuro kuti uone kutsva mumhepo uye mumapapu
• Chest x-ray
• ECG (electrocardiogram kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Endoscopy - kamera diki pasi pehuro kuti uone kutsva mudumbu uye mudumbu
• Mvura kuburikidza nemutsinga (na IV)
• Methylene bhuruu - mushonga wekuchinja huturu
• Kuvhiya kubviswa kweganda rakatsva (ganda kudzikiswa)
• Tube kuburikidza nemuromo kupinda mudumbu kushambidza kunze mudumbu (gastric lavage)
• Kugezwa kweganda (kudiridza), pamwe maawa mashoma mashoma kwemazuva akati wandei

Kuita zvakanaka kwemunhu kunoenderana nehuwandu hwecheta yakamedzwa uye nekukurumidza kurapwa kunogamuchirwa. Iyo inokurumidza iyo munhu kuwana rubatsiro rwechiremba, inove nani mukana wekupora.

Kumedza huturu hwakadai kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kumativi mazhinji emuviri. Kukuvadza kunoramba kuchiitika kune itsvo, chiropa, sophagus, uye mudumbu kwemavhiki akati wandei mushure mekunge chinhu chacho chamedzwa. Mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana nekukuvara uku.

Blanc PD. Mhinduro dzakakomba kukuratidzira kune chepfu. Mune: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray naNadel Chinyorwa cheKufema Kwemishonga. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 75.

Hoyte C. Caustics. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 148.

Tibballs J. Pediatric chepfu uye envenomation. Mune: Bersten AD, Handy JM, eds. Chinyorwa Chekuchengetedza Kwakanyanya. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 114.