Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism chirwere umo maronda eparathyroid ari mumutsipa haabudise yakakwana parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Kune mana madiki madiki maronda emumutsipa mumutsipa, ari padyo kana akasungirirwa kumashure kweshure kwetachiona gland.

Izvo zvipenga zveparathyroid zvinobatsira kudzora kushandiswa kwecalcium uye kubviswa nemuviri. Vanoita izvi nekugadzira parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH inobatsira kudzora calcium, phosphorus, uye vhitamini D mazinga muropa uye pfupa.

Hypoparathyroidism inoitika kana maronda akaburitsa PTH yakawandisa. Ropa re calcium rinodonha, uye iyo phosphorus inokwira.

Chikonzero chinowanzoitika che hypoparathyroidism kukuvara kune zvipenga zveparathyroid panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwehutachiona kana yemutsipa. Inogona zvakare kukonzerwa nechero yeanotevera:

• Autoimmune kurwisa kune parathyroid glands (zvakajairika)
• Yakadzika kwazvo magnesium level muropa (inodzoserwa)
• Radioactive iodine kurapwa kweiyo hyperthyroidism (zvisingawanzoitika)

DiGeorge syndrome chirwere umo hypoparathyroidism inoitika nekuti zvese zvipenga zveparathyroid zvinoshaya pakuzvarwa. Ichi chirwere chinosanganisira mamwe matambudziko ehutano kunze kweiyo hypoparathyroidism. Inowanzoonekwa muhudiki.

Kuzivikanwa hypoparathyroidism kunoitika nezvimwe endocrine hosha dzakadai seadrenal kusakwana mune chirwere chinonzi mhando I polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA I).

Kutanga kwechirwere kuri zvishoma nezvishoma uye zviratidzo zvinogona kuve zvakapfava. Vanhu vazhinji vanoonekwa vane hypoparathyroidism vane zviratidzo zvemakore vasati vaonekwa. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuve zvakapfava zvekuti kuongororwa kwacho kunoitwa mushure mekuongororwa kweropa bvunzo inoratidza yakaderera calcium.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira chero zvinotevera:

• Kuchera miromo, minwe, nezvigunwe (zvakajairika)
• Tsvina yemhasuru (yakajairika)
• Tsandanyama mhasuru inonzi tetany (inogona kukanganisa larynx, zvichikonzera kufema kunetseka)
• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Abnormal moyo mutinhimira
• Zvipikiri zvinopwanyika
• Kurwara
• Calcium inoisa mune mamwe matukisi
• Kuderera kwekuziva
• Bvudzi rakaoma
• Yakaoma, ganda ganda
• Marwadzo kumeso, makumbo, uye tsoka
• Kumwedzi kunorwadza
• Kufenda
• Mazino asingakuri mukati nenguva, kana zvachose
• Yakaneta mazino enamel (muvana)

Anopa hutano anozoongorora muviri uye obvunza nezve zviratidzo.

Miedzo ichaitwa inosanganisira:

• PTH kuongorora ropa
• Calcium ropa bvunzo
• Magnesium
• 24-awa weti weti bvunzo

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kurairwa inosanganisira:

• ECG kutarisa isina kujairika moyo mutinhimira
• CT scan kutarisa macalcium muuropi

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuderedza zviratidzo uye kudzorera calcium uye mineral balance mumuviri.

Kurapa kunosanganisira calcium carbonate uye vhitamini D zvinowedzera. Izvi zvinowanzo fanirwa kutorwa kwehupenyu hwese. Mazinga eropa anoyerwa nguva nenguva kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti muyero wakarurama. Kudya kwakanyanya-calcium, yakaderera-phosphorus inokurudzirwa.

Majekiseni ePTH anogona kukurudzirwa kune vamwe vanhu. Chiremba wako anogona kukuudza kana mushonga uyu wakakukodzera.

Vanhu vane hupenyu hunotyisidzira kurwiswa kweiyo yakaderera calcium mazinga kana kwenguva refu mhasuru contractions vanopihwa calcium kuburikidza nevevheni (IV). Chenjedzo dzinotorwa kudzivirira kugwinha kana kuputika kwemarara. Mwoyo unotariswa nemitambo isina kujairika kudzamara munhu agadzikana. Kana kurwisa kwekutyisidzira kwehupenyu kwadzorwa, kurapwa kunoenderera nemushonga wakatorwa nemuromo.

Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuve yakanaka kana kuongororwa kwacho kukaitwa nekukurumidza. Asi shanduko mumazino, cataract, uye brain calcification hazvigone kudzoserwa muvana vasina kuziva hypoparathyroidism panguva yekukura.

Hypoparathyroidism muvana inogona kutungamira mukukura kwakashata, mazino asina kujairika, uye kunonoka kukura kwepfungwa.

Kunyanya kurapwa nevhitamini D uye calcium kunogona kukonzera kukwira kweropa calcium (hypercalcemia) kana yakakwira weti calcium (hypercalciuria). Kunyanya kurapwa kunogona dzimwe nguva kukanganisa basa reitsvo, kana kutokonzeresa itsvo kutadza.

Hypoparathyroidism inowedzera njodzi ye:

• Addison chirwere (chete kana iyo chikonzero chiri autoimmune)
• Kurwara
• Parkinson chirwere
• Anonemia anemia (chete kana chikonzero chiri autoimmune)

Fonera mupi wako kana iwe ukagadzira chero zviratidzo zve hypoparathyroidism.

Kugwinha kana kunetseka kufema idambudziko. Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency ipapo ipapo.

Parathyroid-inoenderana hypocalcemia

• Endocrine masero
• Zvirwere zveparathyroid

Clarke BL, Brown EM, Collins MT, et al. Epidemiology uye kuongororwa kwe hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016; 101 (6): 2284-2299. PMID: 26943720 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26943720/.

Kutora LM, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Manejimendi eparathyroid kusagadzikana. Mune: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngolog: Musoro uye Neck Kuvhiya. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chitsiko 123.

Thakker RV.Izvo zvipenga zveparathyroid, hypercalcemia uye hypocalcemia. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 232.