Denda

Denda chirwere chakakomba chebhakitiriya chinogona kukonzera rufu.

Denda rinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya Yersinia pestis. Makonzo, akadai semakonzo, anotakura chirwere. Inoparadzirwa nhata.

Vanhu vanogona kuwana denda pavanorumwa nhata inotakura hutachiona hutachiona kubva kune hutachiona. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, vanhu vanowana chirwere ichi pakubata mhuka ine hutachiona.

Hosha yemapapu hutachiona inonzi pneumonic denda. Inogona kupararira kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu. Kana mumwe munhu ane pneumonia denda achikosora, madonhwe madiki anotakura hutachiona anofamba nemumhepo. Chero ani anofema muzvikamu izvi anogona kubata chirwere ichi. Denda rinogona kutanga nenzira iyi.

MuMiddle Ages muEurope, hosha huru dzehosha dzakauraya mamirioni avanhu. Denda harina kubviswa. Inogona kuwanikwa muAfrica, Asia, uye South America.

Nhasi, hosha isingawanzo muUnited States. Asi zvave zvichizivikanwa kuti zvinoitika mumatunhu eCalifornia, Arizona, Colorado, uye New Mexico.

Aya matatu mafomu akajairika edenda ndeaya:

• Denda reBubonic, chirwere chema lymph node
• Pneumonia denda, hutachiona hwemapapu
• Septicemic denda, hutachiona hweropa

Iyo nguva iri pakati pekutapukirwa uye kukura zviratidzo kazhinji mazuva maviri kusvika kumasere. Asi iyo nguva inogona kuve ipfupi sezuva rimwe rekurwara nemabayo.

Njodzi dzinokonzeresa denda dzinosanganisira kuruma nhata nekuratidzwa kumakonzo, kunyanya tsuro, squirrels, kana imbwa dzemumasango, kana kukwenya kana kurumwa kubva kumakati epamba ane hutachiona.

Zviratidzo zveBubonic zvinowoneka kamwe kamwe, kazhinji mazuva maviri kusvika mashanu mushure mekuratidzwa kubhakitiriya. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Fivha uye kutonhora
• Kazhinji kurwara kunzwa (malaise)
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kutambudzika kwemhasuru
• Kufenda
• Smooth, inorwadza lymph gland kuzvimba kunodaidzwa kunzi bubo iro rinowanzo kuwanikwa mumupendero, asi rinogona kuitika muhapwa kana mutsipa, kazhinji panzvimbo yehutachiona (kuruma kana kukwenya); kurwadziwa kunogona kutanga kuzvimba kusati kwaonekwa

Pneumonic denda zviratidzo zvinowoneka kamwe kamwe, kazhinji 1 kusvika mazuva mana mushure mekuratidzwa. Zvinosanganisira:

• Kukosora kwakanyanya
• Kuoma kufema uye kurwadziwa mubhokisi kana uchifema zvakadzama
• Fivha uye kutonhora
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Huro, sputum ine ropa

Sepicemic denda inogona kukonzera rufu kunyangwe zviratidzo zvakakomba zvisati zvaitika. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Kubuda ropa nekuda kwematambudziko ekuvhara ropa
• Manyoka
• Kupindwa nechando
• Nausea, kurutsa

Anopa hutano anozoongorora muviri uye obvunza nezve zviratidzo zvako.

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Tsika yeropa
• Tsika ye lymph node aspirate (fluid inotorwa kubva kune yakakanganiswa lymph node kana bubo)
• Sputum tsika
• Chest x-ray

Vanhu vane hosha vanoda kurapwa pakarepo. Kana kurapwa kusinga gashirwe mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana kubva apo zviratidzo zvekutanga zvikaitika, njodzi yekufa inowedzera.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakaita se streptomycin, gentamicin, doxycycline, kana ciprofloxacin inoshandiswa kurapa denda. Oxygen, mvura inopinza, uye rutsigiro rwekufema zvinowanzodiwawo.

Vanhu vane pneumonia denda vanofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kure nevachengeti nevamwe varwere. Vanhu vakambosangana nechero munhu akabatwa nechirwere chemabayo anofanira kunyatso tariswa uye kupihwa mishonga yekurwisa mabhakitiriya senzira yekudzivirira.

Pasina kurapwa, vanenge makumi mashanu muzana yevanhu vane chirwere chebubonic vanofa. Anenge munhu wese ane septicemic kana pneumonia denda anofa kana akasarapwa ipapo ipapo. Kurapa kunoderedza mwero wekufa kusvika pa50%.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe ukaita denda zviratidzo mushure mekuratidzwa nenhata kana makonzo. Bata mupi wako kana iwe uchigara kana kuti wakashanyira nzvimbo ine denda rinoitika.

Kudzora gonzo uye kutarisa chirwere ichi mumusango wemakonzo ndiwo matanho akakosha anoshandiswa kudzora njodzi yezvirwere. Mushonga wedenda hausisiri kushandiswa muUnited States.

Denda reBubonic; Pneumonic denda; Kupararira kwepasi

• Nhata
• Nhata inoruma - pedyo-kumusoro
• Antibodies
• Hutachiona

Gage KL, Mead PS. Denda uye zvimwe zvirwere zveyersinia. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 312.

Mead PS. Yersinia marudzi (kusanganisira denda). Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Principles uye Practice yeInfectious Diseases, Yakagadziridzwa Edhisheni. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chits. 231.