Kurwisa zvinodhaka

Kurwiswa kwemishonga zvinodhaka iboka rezviratidzo zvinokonzerwa neyakagumburwa nemushonga (mushonga).

Mushonga wekurwisa mishonga unosanganisira mhinduro yemumuviri mumuviri inoburitsa kusagadzikana kumushonga.

Kekutanga nguva yaunotora mushonga, unogona kunge usina matambudziko. Asi, immune system yako inogona kuburitsa chinhu (antibody) inopesana nemushonga iwoyo. Nguva inotevera paunotora mushonga, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anogona kuudza masero ako machena eropa kuti aite kemikari inonzi histamine. Histamines uye mamwe makemikari anokonzeresa zviratidzo zvekurwara.

Kazhinji zvinokonzeresa-zvinokonzeresa zvinodhaka zvinosanganisira:

• Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa pfari
• Insulin (kunyanya mhuka kunobva insulin)
• Zvinhu zvine ayodini, senge x-ray musiyano madhayi (izvi zvinogona kukonzera allergy-senge maitiro)
• Penicillin nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
• Sulfa zvinodhaka

Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemishonga haisi yekukonzeresa kugadzikana kunokonzerwa nekuumbwa kweIgE antibodies. Semuenzaniso, aspirin inogona kukonzera mikoko kana kukonzeresa asthma isina kusanganisira immune system. Vanhu vazhinji vanovhiringidza isingafadzi, asi isiri yakakomba, mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemushonga (senge kusvotwa) nechirwere chemushonga.

Kurwiswa kwakawanda kwemishonga kunokonzeresa kuputika kweganda uye mikoko. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuitika ipapo kana maawa mushure mekugamuchira mushonga. Serum kurwara imhando inononoka yekupindura inoitika vhiki kana kupfuura mushure mekunge waoneswa mushonga kana mushonga.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvechirwere chemishonga zvinosanganisira:

• Mikoko
• Kuchenesa kweganda kana maziso (zvakajairika)
• Kuputika kweganda (zvakajairika)
• Kuzvimba kwemiromo, rurimi, kana kumeso
• Kushungurudza

Zviratidzo zveanaphylaxis zvinosanganisira:

• Kutambudzika kwepamuviri kana kupwanya
• Kuvhiringidzika
• Manyoka
• Kuoma kufema nekufema kana izwi rakashoshoma
• Dzungu
• Kufenda, huremu hushoma
• Mikoko pamusoro pezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri
• Nausea, kurutsa
• Kukurumidza kupisa
• Kunzwa kwekunzwa moyo kurova (palpitations)

Kuongorora kunogona kuratidza:

• Yakadzikira BP
• Mikoko
• Mapundu
• Kuzvimba kwemiromo, kumeso, kana rurimi (angioedema)
• Kushungurudza

Kuongororwa kweganda kunogona kubatsira kuongorora kukanganiswa kwemishonga yepenicillin. Iko hakuna yakanaka ganda kana kuongororwa kweropa kubatsira kuongorora zvimwe zvinodhaka zvemishonga.

Kana iwe uchinge uine zviratidzo zvekurwisa-kunge uchinge watora mushonga kana kugamuchira musiyano (dhayi) usati wawana x-ray, wako mupi wezvehutano anowanzo kukuudza kuti ichi chiratidzo chehuswa hwezvinodhaka. Iwe haudi kumwe kuyedzwa.

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechokubvisa zviratidzo uye kudzivirira kuita kwakanyanya.

Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Antihistamines yekudzora zvinyoro zviratidzo sekumhanyisa, mikoko, uye kuchenesa
• Bronchodilators senge albuterol yekudzora asthma-senge zviratidzo (zvine mwero kufema kana kukosora)
• Corticosteroids inoshandiswa kuganda, yakapihwa nemuromo, kana kupihwa kuburikidza netsinga (intravenously)
• Epinephrine nejekiseni yekurapa anaphylaxis

Mushonga unogumbura nemishonga yakafanana inofanirwa kudzivirirwa. Ita shuwa kuti vese vanokupa - kusanganisira vanachiremba vemazino uye vashandi vemuzvipatara - vanoziva nezve chero mishonga yekurwisa mishonga iwe kana vana vako.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, penicillin (kana zvimwe zvinodhaka) zvinopesana zvinopindura pakushushikana. Uku kurapa kunosanganisira kupihwa madosi diki pakutanga, kuchiteerwa nemadhora mahombe uye akakura emushonga ekuvandudza kushivirira kwako kwechirwere. Maitiro aya anofanirwa kuitwa chete neanogadzirisa, kana pasina imwe mushonga waunotora.

Mazhinji mishonga yekurwisa zvinodhaka inopindura kurapwa. Asi dzimwe nguva, vanogona kukonzeresa asthma yakaoma, anaphylaxis, kana kufa.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uri kutora mushonga uye uchiita kunge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinacho

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera iyo yemuno emergency emergency (yakadai sa911) kana uchinetseka kufema kana kugadzira zvimwe zviratidzo zveakanyanya asthma kana anaphylaxis. Aya ndiwo mamiriro ekukurumidzira.

Iko hakuna kazhinji nzira yekudzivirira mushonga wekupokana.

Kana iwe uine inozivikanwa mishonga yekurwisa, kudzivirira mushonga ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira kusagadzikana. Iwe unogona zvakare kuudzwa kudzivirira mishonga yakafanana.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mupi anogona kubvumidza kushandiswa kwemushonga unokonzeresa kurwara kana iwe ukatanga kurapwa nemishonga inononoka kana kuvharira mhinduro yemumuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira corticosteroids (senge prednisone) uye antihistamines. Usaedze izvi pasina manejimendi anotarisirwa. Kufanorapwa pamwe necorticosteroids uye antihistamines kwakaratidzirwa kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwevanhu mune vanhu vanoda kuwana x-ray musiyano dhayi.

Wako mupi anogona zvakare kukurudzira deensitization.

Allergic reaction - mushonga (mushonga); Zvinodhaka hypersensitivity; Mishonga hypersensitivity

• Anaphylaxis
• Mikoko
• Allergic reaction kumushonga
• Dermatitis - kuonana
• Dermatitis - pustular kuonana
• Zvinodhaka mapundu - Tegretol
• Fixed drug kuputika
• Yakagadziriswa mushonga kuputika - nhubu
• Fixed drug kuputika padama
• Mapundu emishonga kumusana
• Antibodies

Barkdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allergy, hypersensitivity, uye anaphylaxis. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 109.

Grammer LC. Kurwisa zvinodhaka. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 239.

Solensky R, Phillips EJ. Kurwisa zvinodhaka. Mune: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy: Maitiro uye Maitiro. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 77.