Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis rudzi rwekutyisidzira hupenyu hwemaitiro ekurwisa.

Anaphylaxis chakakomba, chemuviri-wemuviri kukonzeresa kumakemikari ave allergen. Allergen chinhu chinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana.

Mushure mekuratidzwa kune chinhu chakadai sehuturu hwenyuchi, immune system yemunhu inozadzwa nayo. Kana munhu achinge aoneswa kune iyo allergen zvakare, zvinokonzeresa kuitika zvinogona kuitika. Anaphylaxis inoitika nekukurumidza mushure mekuratidzwa. Mamiriro acho akanyanya uye anosanganisira muviri wese.

Nyama munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri dzinoburitsa histamine nezvimwe zvinhu. Izvi zvinoita kuti nzira dzekufema dzisimbe uye zvinotungamira kune zvimwe zviratidzo.

Mimwe mishonga (morphine, x-ray dhayi, asipurini, uye vamwe) inogona kukonzera anaphylactic-senge maitiro (anaphylactoid reaction) kana vanhu vatanga kuratidzwa kwavari. Aya maitiro haana kufanana neyekudzivirira immune system inoitika nechokwadi anaphylaxis. Asi, izvo zviratidzo, njodzi yematambudziko, uye kurapwa zvakafanana kune ese marudzi maitiro ekuita.

Anaphylaxis inogona kuitika mukupindura kune chero allergen. Zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwisa zvinodhaka
• Kurwara kwechikafu
• Kurumwa nezvipembenene / kurumwa

Mukume nezvimwe zvinofemerwa zvinorema hazviwanzo kukonzera anaphylaxis. Vamwe vanhu vane anaphylactic reaction pasina inozivikanwa chikonzero.

Anaphylaxis iri kutyisidzira hupenyu uye inogona kuitika chero nguva. Njodzi dzinosanganisira nhoroondo yechero mhando yeanorwisa maitiro.

Zviratidzo zvinokurumidza kukurumidza, kazhinji mumasekondi kana maminetsi. Dzinogona kusanganisira chero yeanotevera:

• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Kunzwa kushushikana
• Chipfuva kusagadzikana kana kuomesa
• Manyoka
• Kunetseka kufema, kukosora, kufema, kana kurira kwepamusoro-kurira
• Zvakaoma kumedza
• Dzungu kana hurema
• Mikoko, kuvaviwa, kutsvuka kweganda
• Kuzara kwemhino
• Kusvotwa kana kurutsa
• Palpitations
• Kutaura kwakadzikira
• Kuzvimba kwechiso, maziso, kana rurimi
• Kusaziva

Anopa hutano anoongorora munhu uye obvunza nezve izvo zvingangodaro zvakakonzera mamiriro acho.

Kuyedzwa kweiyo allergen iyo yakakonzera anaphylaxis (kana iyo chikonzero chisiri pachena) inogona kuitwa mushure mekurapwa.

Anaphylaxis ndeye emergency mamiriro anoda emergency kurapwa ipapo ipapo. Fonera 911 kana iyo yemunharaunda emergency emergency.

Tarisa mweya wemunhu, kufema, uye kutenderera, izvo zvinozivikanwa seABC's Basic Life Support. Chiratidzo cheyambiro chekuzvimba kwehuro kune njodzi izwi rakashoshoma kana rakazevezerana, kana ruzha rwakakora kana munhu ari kufema mumhepo. Kana zvichidikanwa, tanga kununura kufema uye CPR.

1. Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency.
2. Dzikama uye simbisa munhu wacho.
3. Kana iyo allergic reaction ichibva kunorumwa nenyuchi, bvisa chibaya kubva paganda nechimwe chinhu chakasimba (senge nzara kana kiredhiti kadhi rechikwereti). Usashandise tweezers. Kusvina stinger kunosunungura humwe huturu.
4. Kana munhu wacho aine mushonga wekukurumidzira pamusoro pehutachiona paruoko, batsira munhu kutora kana kubaya jekiseni. Usape mushonga kuburikidza nemuromo kana munhu achinetseka kufema.
5. Tora matanho ekudzivirira kushamisika. Ita kuti munhu avete akati sandara, simudza tsoka dzemunhu anenge gumi nemaviri (30 masendimita), uye vhara munhu nejasi kana gumbeze. Usaise munhu munzvimbo iyi kana musoro, mutsipa, musana, kana gumbo kukuvadzwa, kana kana zvichikonzera kusagadzikana.

USA:

• Usafunge kuti chero maabhogy allergy munhu atogashira anozopa dziviriro yakakwana.
• Usaise mutsago pasi pemusoro wemunhu kana vachinetseka kufema. Izvi zvinogona kuvharidzira mafafitera.
• Usape munhu chinhu nemuromo kana ari kunetseka kufema.

Paramedics kana vamwe vanopa vanogona kuisa chubhu kuburikidza nemhino kana muromo mumhepo nzira. Kana kuvhiyiwa kwechimbichimbi kuchaitwa kuisa chubhu yakanangana netrachea.

Munhu wacho anogona kupihwa mishonga yekuwedzera kudzikisa zviratidzo.

Anaphylaxis inogona kutyisidzira hupenyu pasina kurapwa nekukurumidza. Zviratidzo zvinowanzoita zvirinani nemushonga wakakodzera, saka zvakakosha kuita ipapo ipapo.

Pasina kurapwa nekukurumidza, anaphylaxis inogona kukonzera:

• Yakavharika panzira
• Cardiac kusungwa (hapana inoshanda kurova kwemoyo)
• Kufuridzira kusungwa (hapana kufema)
• Shock

Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva iwe uchikura zvakanyanya zviratidzo zveanaphylaxis. Kana, enda kuimba yepedyo yekukurumidza.

Kudzivirira kusagadzikana uye anaphylaxis:

• Dzivisa zvinokonzeresa zvakaita sekudya nemishonga izvo zvakakonzera kusagadzikana mune zvekare. Bvunza yakadzama mibvunzo nezvezvigadzirwa kana iwe uchidya kure nemusha. Uyezve nyatsoongorora zvinyorwa zvemakemikari.
• Kana iwe uine mwana ane allergiki kune zvimwe zvekudya, svitsa chikafu chimwe chitsva panguva imwe muzvidiki kuti iwe ugone kucheresa kusagadzikana.
• Vanhu vanoziva kuti vakave neakanyanya kugadzikana kwemaitiro vanofanirwa kupfeka yekurapa ID tag.
• Kana iwe uine nhoroondo yeakakomba kusagadzikana kwehutachiona, takura mishonga yechimbichimbi (senge chewable antihistamine uye jekiseni epinephrine kana kititi chekurumwa nenyuchi) zvinoenderana nemirairo yemupi wako.
• Usashandise yako jekiseni epinephrine pane chero munhu. Vanogona kunge vaine mamiriro (akadai sedambudziko remwoyo) anogona kuwedzerwa nemushonga uyu.

Anaphylactic reaction; Kuvhunduka kweAnaphylactic; Kushamisika - anaphylactic; Allergic reaction - anaphylaxis

• Shock
• Allergic maitiro
• Anaphylaxis
• Mikoko
• Kurwara kwechikafu
• Zvipembenene zvinoruma uye allergies
• Allergic reaction kumushonga
• Antibodies

Barkdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allergy, hypersensitivity, uye anaphylaxis. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 109.

Dreskin SC, Stitt JM. Anaphylaxis. Mune: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy: Maitiro uye Maitiro. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 75.

Shaker MS, Wallace DV, Goridhe DBK, et al. Anaphylaxis-2020 yekudzidzira paramende yekugadzirisa, kuongorora kwakarongeka, uye Kubata kweMazano, Kuongorora, Kubudirira uye Kuongorora (GRADE) kuongorora. J Allergy Kliniki Immunol. 2020; 145 (4): 1082-1123. PMID: 32001253 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32001253/.

Schwartz LB. Systemic anaphylaxis, chikafu chekudya, uye zvipembenene zvinokanganisa kurwara. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 238.