Immunotherapy yekenza

Immunotherapy imhando yekurapa gomarara inovimba nehutachiona hwemuviri-kurwisa system (immune system). Inoshandisa zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri kana murabhu kubatsira immune system kushanda zvakanyanya kana nenzira yakanangwa kurwisa gomarara. Izvi zvinobatsira muviri wako kubvisa cancer maseru.

Immunotherapy inoshanda na:

• Kumisa kana kunonotsa kukura kwemasero ekenza
• Kudzivirira kenza kubva pakupararira ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri
• Kukurudzira immune system kugona kubvisa cancer maseru

Kune akatiwandei marudzi eunonotherapy yekenza.

Ma immune immune anodzivirira muviri kubva kuhutachiona. Inoita izvi nekutsvaga hutachiona hwakadai sehutachiona kana hutachiona nekugadzira mapuroteni anorwisa hutachiona. Aya mapuroteni anonzi antibodies.

Masayendisiti anogona kugadzira antibodies akasarudzika murabhoratri anotsvaga cancer maseru pane mabhakitiriya. Inodaidzwa kuti monoclonal antibodies, iwo zvakare mhando yekurapa kwakanangwa.

Mamwe ma monoclonal antibodies anoshanda nekunamatira kune cancer maseru. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune mamwe maseru akagadzirwa nema immune system kuti awane, arwise, uye auraye masero.

Mamwe ma monoclonal antibodies anoshanda nekuvharira maseru pamusoro pecancer kenza iyo inotaurira kuti igovane.

Imwe mhando yemonoclonal antibody inotakura radiation kana chemotherapy mushonga kune maseru ekenza. Izvi zvinouraya gomarara zvakasungirirwa kuma monoclonal antibodies, ayo anoendesa huturu kumasero ekenza.

MaMonoclonal antibodies ave kushandiswa kurapa mhando zhinji dzekenza.

"Checkpoints" ndiwo mamwe mamorekuru pane mamwe maseru ekudzivirira anodzivirirwa kana kudzimwa kuti agadzire immune immune. Cancer maseru anogona kushandisa aya ekutarisa kuti asarwiswe nema immune system.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors rudzi rutsva rwemonoclonal antibody inoshanda pazvinhu izvi zvekutarisa kusimudzira immune system kuti igone kurwisa maseru ekenza.

PD-1 inhibitors anoshandiswa kurapa dzakasiyana siyana dzakasiyana cancer mhando.

PD-L1 inhibitors kurapa gomarara redundira, gomarara remapapu, uye Merkel cell carcinoma, uye vari kuongororwa vachirwisa mamwe marudzi ekenza.

Zvinodhaka zvinotarisa CTLA-4 kurapa melanoma yeganda, kenza yeitsvo, uye mamwe akawanda marudzi ekenza anoratidza mamwe marudzi ekuchinja.

Aya marapirwo anosimudzira immune system nenzira yakajairika kupfuura monoclonal antibodies. Kune maviri makuru mhando:

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) inobatsira masero ezvirwere mumuviri kukura uye kupatsanurana nekukurumidza. Shanduro yakagadzirwa nerabhoritari yeIL-2 inoshandiswa kune epamberi mafomu ekenza yeitsvo uye melanoma.

Interferon alpha (INF-alfa) inoita mamwe maseru ekudzivirira anokwanisa zvirinani kurwisa maseru ekenza. Iyo haiwanzoshandiswa kurapa:

• Bvudzi sero leukemia
• Chisingaperi myelogenous leukemia
• Follicular isiri Hodgkin lymphoma
• Yakatemwa (ganda) T-cell lymphoma
• Kenza yeitsvo
• Melanoma
• Kaposi sarcoma

Rudzi urwu rwekurapa runoshandisa hutachiona hwakashandurwa murabhu kuti utapure uye uuraye cancer maseru. Kana masero aya afa, anoburitsa zvinhu zvinonzi maantigen. Aya maantigen anotaurira immune system kuti itore uye kuuraya mamwe maseru ekenza mumuviri.

Iyi mhando yeununotherapy parizvino inoshandiswa kurapa melanoma.

Iyo mhedzisiro yemhando dzakasiyana dzemununotherapy yekenza inosiyana nemhando yekurapa. Mimwe mhedzisiro inoitika panopinda jekiseni kana IV mumuviri, zvichikonzera kuti nzvimbo ive:

• Kurwadza kana kurwadza
• Kuzvimba
• tsvuku
• Itchy

Mimwe mhedzisiro inogona kuitika inosanganisira:

• Zviratidzo zvakaita sefuru (fivhiri, kutonhora, kushaya simba, kutemwa nemusoro)
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• Manyoka
• Tsandanyama kana majoini aches
• Kunzwa kuneta chaizvo
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Yakaderera kana yakakwira BP
• Kuzvimba kwechiropa, mapapu, nhengo dzemakemikari, gastrointestinal turakiti, kana ganda

Aya marapirwo anogona kukonzeresa zvakanyanya, dzimwe nguva zvinouraya, allergic reaction muvanhu vanoziva kune zvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakurapa. Zvisinei, izvi hazviwanzoitiki.

Biological kurapa; Biotherapy

Cancer.Net webhusaiti. Kunzwisisa immunotherapy. www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/immunotherapy-and-vaccines/understanding-immunotherapy. Yakagadziridzwa Ndira, 2019. Yakasvika munaKurume 27, 2020.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. CAR T maseru: mainjiniya evarwere maseru ekudzivirira kurapa cancer yavo. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/research/car-t-cells. Yakagadziridzwa Chikunguru 30, 2019. Yakasvika munaKurume 27, 2020.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Immunotherapy yekurapa cancer. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 24, 2019. Yakasvika paKurume 27, 2020.

Tseng D, Schultz L, Pardoll D, Mackall C. Kenza immunology. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits.

• Kenza Immunotherapy