Aortic stenosis

Iyo aorta ndiyo tsinga huru inotakura ropa kubva mumoyo ichienda kune mumwe muviri wese. Ropa rinoyerera richibuda mumoyo uye richipinda muaorta kuburikidza neavortic vharuvhu. Mune aortic stenosis, iyo aortic vheji haina kuvhura zvizere. Izvi zvinoderedza kuyerera kweropa kubva pamoyo.

Sezvo aortic vharuvhu inoderera, iyo yekuruboshwe ventricle inofanirwa kushanda zvakanyanya kupomba ropa kunze kuburikidza nevhavha. Kuti uite iri basa rekuwedzera, mhasuru dziri mumadziro e ventricle dzinowedzera. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kuchipfuva kurwadziwa.

Sezvo kumanikidza kuri kuramba kuchikwira, ropa rinogona kudzokera mumapapu. Akakomba aortic stenosis anogona kudzikisira huwandu hweropa hunosvika kuuropi nemutumbi wese.

Aortic stenosis inogona kuvapo kubva pakuberekwa (kuberekwa), asi kazhinji inozokura mushure mehupenyu. Vana vane aortic stenosis vanogona kunge vaine mamwe mamiriro aripo kubva pakuberekwa.

Aortic stenosis inowanzoitika nekuda kwekuvakwa kwecalcium deposits iyo inodzvinyirira vharuvhu. Izvi zvinonzi calcific aortic stenosis. Dambudziko rinonyanya kubata vanhu vakura.

Calcium buildup yevhavha inoitika nekukurumidza mune vanhu vanozvarwa vasina kujairika aortic kana bicuspid mavharuvhu. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, calcium buildup inogona kukura nekukurumidza kana munhu agamuchira chipfuva che radiation (senge yekurapa cancer).

Chimwe chikonzero rheumatic fever. Aya mamiriro anogona kukura mushure me strep huro kana tsvuku fivha. Matambudziko evhavhavha haakure kweanosvika makore mashanu kusvika kugumi kana kureba mushure mekunge rheumatic fever yaitika. Rheumatic fever iri kuve isingawanzo muUnited States.

Aortic stenosis inoitika mune vangangoita 2% yevanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa. Zvinoitika kazhinji muvarume kupfuura muvakadzi.

Vazhinji vanhu vane aortic stenosis havagadziri zviratidzo kudzamara chirwere ichi chaenderera mberi. Kuongororwa kwacho kungave kwakaitwa apo mupi wezvehutano paakanzwa kugunun'una kwemoyo uye nekuedza bvunzo.

Zviratidzo zveaortic stenosis zvinosanganisira:

• Chifuva kusagadzikana: Kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunogona kuwedzera nekuita uye kusvika ruoko, mutsipa, kana shaya. Chipfuva chinogona zvakare kunzwa chakasimba kana kusvinwa.
• Kukosora, pamwe neropa.
• Matambudziko ekufema kana uchirovedza muviri.
• Kuve wakaneta nyore.
• Kunzwa kurova kwemoyo (palpitations).
• Kufenda, kushaya simba, kana dzungu nebasa.

Muvacheche nevana, zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Kuve wakaneta nyore nesimba (mune zvinyoro kesi)
• Kukundikana kuwedzera uremu
• Kudya zvisina tsarukano
• Matambudziko akakomba ekufema anokura mukati memazuva kana mavhiki ekuberekwa (mune zvakakomba zviitiko)

Vana vane runyoro kana zvine mwero aortic stenosis vanogona kutonyanya kukura sezvavanokura. Ivo vari zvakare panjodzi yekutapukirwa nemoyo inonzi bacterial endocarditis.

Kugunun'una kwemoyo, kubaya, kana imwe ruzha rwusina kujairika runongonzwika nguva dzose kuburikidza neiyo stethoscope. Iye mupi anogona kukwanisa kunzwa kudedera kana kufamba kana achiisa ruoko pamusoro pemoyo. Panogona kunge paine kupera simba kana shanduko muhunhu hwekupomba mumutsipa.

Kuwedzera kweropa kunogona kunge kushoma.

Aortic stenosis inowanzoonekwa yozoteverwa uchishandisa bvunzo inonzi transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE).

Iyi bvunzo inotevera inogona kuitwawo:

• ECG
• Dzidzira kuedza kunetseka
• Kuruboshwe moyo catheterization
• MRI yemoyo
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

Kugara uchiongorora nemupi mupi kunogona kuve kwese kunodiwa kana zviratidzo zvako zvisina kunyanyisa. Iye mupi anofanira kubvunza nezve nhoroondo yako yehutano, kuita bvunzo dzepanyama, uye kuita echocardiogram.

Vanhu vane aortic stenosis yakaoma vanogona kuudzwa kuti vasatambe mitambo yemakwikwi, kunyangwe vasina zviratidzo. Kana zviratidzo zvikaitika, basa rinotyisa rinofanira kunge riine mashoma.

Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zviratidzo zvekutadza kwemoyo kana zvisina kujairika moyo mutserendende (kazhinji kacho atrial fibrillation). Izvi zvinosanganisira diuretics (mapiritsi emvura), nitrate, uye beta-blockers. Kuwedzera kweropa kunofanirwa kurapwa. Kana aortic stenosis iri yakaoma, kurapwa uku kunofanirwa kuitwa zvakanyatsoita kuti BP isadonhe kure zvakanyanya.

Munguva yakapfuura, vanhu vazhinji vane matambudziko evhavha emoyo vakapihwa maantibhakitiriya pamberi pebasa remazino kana maitiro akadai secolonoscopy. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakapihwa kudzivirira hutachiona hwemoyo wakakuvara. Nekudaro, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yave kushandiswa zvishoma zvishoma pamberi pebasa remazino nedzimwe nzira. Tarisa nemubatsiri wako wehutano kuti uone kana iwe uchida maantibioti.

Vanhu vane izvi uye nemimwe mamiriro emwoyo vanofanirwa kurega kuputa uye kuyedzwa cholesterol yakawanda.

Kuvhiya kugadzirisa kana kutsiva vharafu kunowanzoitirwa vanhu vakuru kana vana vanovandudza zviratidzo. Kunyangwe kana zviratidzo zvisina kunyanya kushata, chiremba anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa zvichibva pane zvawanikwa.

Maitiro mashoma anokanganisa anonzi balloon valvuloplasty anogona kuitwa panzvimbo pekuvhiyiwa kana kuti usati waitwa.

• Bhaluni rinoiswa mune tsinga mukati megura, yakasungirirwa kumoyo, yakaiswa pamusoro pevhavha, uye yakafemerwa. Zvisinei, kuderera kunowanzoitika zvakare mushure meiyi nzira.
• Maitiro matsva akaitwa panguva imwechete sevalvuloplasty inogona kuisa muvhavha yekugadzira (transcatheter aortic vheji yekutsiva kana TAVR). Maitiro aya anowanzoitwa kune varwere vasingakwanise kuvhiyiwa, asi zviri kuwedzera kuitika.

Vamwe vana vangangoda aortic vharafu kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa. Vana vane aortic stenosis nyoro vanogona kukwanisa kutora chikamu muzviitiko zvakawanda.

Mhedzisiro yacho inosiyana. Iyo kusagadzikana kunogona kuve munyoro uye kusaburitse zviratidzo. Nekufamba kwenguva, iyo aortic vharuvhu inogona kudzikira. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akanyanya emoyo akadai se:

• Atrial fibrillation uye atrial flutter
• Ropa rinovhara kuuropi (sitiroko), ura, itsvo, kana dzimwe nzvimbo
• Kushaya simba (syncope)
• Kutadza kwemoyo
• Kuwedzera kweropa mumatsinga emapapu (pulmonary hypertension)

Mhedzisiro yeaortic vheji yekutsiva inowanzo kuve yakanakisa. Kuti uwane kurapwa kwakanyanya, enda kunzvimbo inogara ichiita chirwere ichi.

Fonera waunopa kana iwe kana mwana wako aine zviratidzo zveaortic stenosis.

Zvekare taura nachiremba wako ipapo kana waonekwa uine chirwere ichi uye zviratidzo zvako zvichitowedzera kana zviratidzo zvitsva zvichikura.

Aortic vharafu stenosis; Rheumatic aortic stenosis; Calcific aortic stenosis; Moyo aortic stenosis; Valvular aortic stenosis; Kuberekwa mwoyo - aortic stenosis; Rheumatic fever - aortic stenosis

• Aortic stenosis
• Mavharuvhu emwoyo

Carabello BA. Valvular chirwere chemoyo. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsamba 66.

Hermann HC, Mack MJ. Transcatheter kurapwa kweiyo valvular chirwere chemoyo. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann, DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 72.

Lindman BR, Bonow RO, Otto CM. Aortic vharafu chirwere. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsuwa 68.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA / ACC yakatarisa kugadzirisa kweiyo 2014 AHA / ACC nhungamiro yevatungamiriri vevarwere vane valvular chirwere chemoyo: mushumo weAmerican College yeCardiology / American Heart Association Task Force paKiriniki Yekudzidzira Maitiro. Kutenderera. 2017; 135 (25): e1159-e1195. PMID: 28298458 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298458/.